Agroforesterie : le système forestier dans les champs
Summary
TLDRThe video script details the journey of a small farm transitioning to agroforestry, an approach that works with nature rather than controlling it. The farm has been restructured to align with the land's potential rather than the convenience of tractors, with parcels reoriented to optimize soil quality. This shift has led to increased biodiversity, reduced use of chemical products, and a more balanced ecosystem. The farm now features agroforestry projects that integrate the forest ecosystem, creating a natural habitat for wildlife and flora, which also serves as a windbreak and climate regulator. The focus is on sustainable practices that respect the soil and harness sunlight for photosynthesis, capturing CO2 and promoting energy production and biodiversity.
Takeaways
- 🌱 The main goal of the small farm is to work with nature rather than trying to control it.
- 🛠 The farm has shifted towards agroforestry, adapting technology to nature instead of the other way around.
- 📏 The farm has restructured its parcels based on the potential of the land rather than the convenience for tractors.
- 🔄 The orientation of the parcels has been completely changed to better suit the economic and land potential.
- 🌳 Agroforestry projects have been implemented to invite the forest ecosystem and improve biodiversity.
- 🌳 Trees have been replanted around fields to create a connection between the plain and the forest.
- 🌬 The agroforestry approach has led to a natural regulation of wind and climate.
- 🍂 Organic matter is introduced every autumn, which serves as a relay for biodiversity.
- 🏨 The farm is described as having 'Airbnbs for nature', with every 6 to 7 meters offering a habitat for both fauna and flora.
- 💧 There has been a significant reduction in the use of phytosanitary products.
- 🌾 The farm has integrated biodiversity reserves every 30 meters to support a variety of species.
- 🌞 The focus is on using sunlight efficiently for photosynthesis and capturing CO2.
- 🌿 The choice of plants is aimed at balancing energy production and supporting biodiversity.
- 🌽 The speaker mentions that despite the focus on conservation, they have achieved high yields, particularly in maize.
- 🐛 Earthworms and other beneficial organisms have been encouraged to improve soil health.
- 🌧️ The farm has experienced issues with waterlogging in the fields, but the soil's structure has improved with less tillage.
- 🐦 The introduction of perches and other habitats has supported the growth of biodiversity, including birds of prey.
Q & A
What was the primary goal of the speaker's agricultural project?
-The primary goal was to work with nature instead of trying to control it, by implementing agroforestry practices.
How did the speaker approach the layout of the fields in their project?
-The speaker adjusted the size of the parcels based on the potential of the land rather than the ease of tractor use, aiming to adapt technology to nature.
What significant change did the speaker make to the orientation of the fields?
-The speaker completely changed the orientation of the fields to align with the quality of the soil and the economic potential of the land.
How did the speaker address the issue of biodiversity on the farm?
-The speaker implemented two agroforestry projects, inviting the forest ecosystem back to the farm and planting around the fields to create a habitat for wildlife.
What was the impact of the agroforestry on the use of phytosanitary products?
-The agroforestry led to a significant reduction in the use of phytosanitary products, indicating a more sustainable approach to farming.
How does the speaker describe the role of biodiversity reserves in their farm?
-The speaker describes the biodiversity reserves as 'real Airbnb for nature', providing habitats for fauna and flora every 6 to 7 meters.
What benefits did the speaker observe from the agroforestry project in terms of climate regulation?
-The agroforestry project helped in climate regulation by providing a natural windbreak and contributing to a more balanced local climate.
How does the speaker relate the concept of 'conservation agriculture' to their farming practices?
-The speaker relates conservation agriculture to producing in a way that respects the soil and makes the most of natural resources like sunlight and photosynthesis.
What was the speaker's experience with crop yields after implementing conservation practices?
-The speaker had excellent yields, even better than before, indicating that conservation practices can be successful and sustainable.
How did the speaker address the issue of soil compaction and its impact on farming?
-The speaker addressed soil compaction by not tilling the soil, which allowed earthworms and other beneficial organisms to work the soil naturally, reducing compaction.
What measures did the speaker take to control pests like hares and other wildlife?
-The speaker introduced biodiversity, including raptors, which naturally control pests, and also used physical barriers like large perches to deter pests.
Outlines
🌱 Embracing Agroforestry and Natural Farming Practices
The speaker discusses their desire to work in harmony with nature rather than attempting to control it. They describe the transition to agroforestry, which involves integrating trees and shrubs into agricultural land. Initially, they focused on adjusting the size and orientation of the fields based on the land's potential rather than the convenience of tractor use, emphasizing that technology should adapt to nature. Over a year, they completely changed the direction of the fields to better align with the economic potential of the land and to avoid misuse and waste. They also mention the rediscovery of an old land registry (cadastre) from 2826, which guided the orientation of the land.
🌳 Implementing Agroforestry Projects for Biodiversity
The speaker details two agroforestry projects aimed at inviting the forest ecosystem back into the agricultural landscape. They planted trees around fields to create a connection between the plain and the forest, which serves as a progressive and interesting development. This approach has led to a natural regulation of wind and climate. The speaker also talks about the benefits of agroforestry for organic matter and biodiversity, mentioning that every 30 to 70 meters, there is a 'hotel' for nature, open on weekends and holidays, which serves as a habitat for wildlife. The agroforestry practices have also led to a reduction in the use of phytosanitary products and have opened up possibilities for innovative agricultural practices.
🐦 Agroforestry's Impact on Wildlife and Conservation Agriculture
The speaker highlights the positive impact of agroforestry on wildlife and biodiversity, referring to the 'hotels' as Airbnbs for nature, providing a habitat for fauna and flora. They mention the establishment of biodiversity reserves every 30 meters and the benefits of agroforestry in terms of conservation agriculture. The speaker also discusses the importance of utilizing sunlight efficiently through photosynthesis and capturing CO2, which contributes to energy production and biodiversity. They emphasize the need to choose plants that will provide both production and support for the soil, such as those that repel insects or aid in soil health.
🌾 Successful Conservation Agriculture and Biodiversity
The speaker shares their personal experience with conservation agriculture, where they achieved excellent yields in a part of the field that was previously considered poor. They attribute this success to the soil being aerated and warmed more quickly due to the absence of tillage. The speaker also discusses the challenges they faced with pests, such as mole crickets, and how the introduction of perches and other biodiversity elements helped control them naturally. They conclude by emphasizing the importance of a balanced and holistic approach to farming, which has led to a more sustainable and productive agricultural system.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Agroforestry
💡Biodiversity
💡Land Potential
💡Conservation Agriculture
💡Soil Health
💡Ecosystem Services
💡Sustainable Farming
💡Organic Matter
💡Pest Control
💡Water Management
💡Climate Regulation
Highlights
Aims to work with nature rather than control it
Adapt technology to nature, not the other way around
Changed the orientation of fields based on soil quality, not tractor convenience
Found old land registry maps to help with field orientation
Chose agroforestry to restore biodiversity
Planted trees around fields to create a link between the plain and forest
Reduced use of chemical inputs in the orchard
Created biodiversity reserves every 30 meters
Practices conservation agriculture to respect the soil
Uses sunlight more efficiently through photosynthesis
Chooses plants that improve soil health and repel pests
Aims for a balance between energy production and biodiversity
Had excellent corn yields two years ago without tillage
Earthworms help with soil structure and water infiltration
Faced challenges with mole crickets and other pests
Uses perches and biodiversity to manage pest birds
Adopting a holistic, balanced approach to farming
Transcripts
[Musique]
sur cette petite exploitation ce que je
voulais c'est d'abord remettre en place
pour travailler avec la nature et non
vous à la contrôler
[Musique]
j'avais qu'une envie c'est essayer de
transposer tout ce que nous avons mis là
le faire dans le haut niveau des champs
et le projet a abouti à faire tout
simplement de l'agroforesterie
donc on a tout d'abord préalablement
remis les parcelles la taille des
parcelles en fonction du potentiel des
terres et non la facilité pour tracteur
c'était la première des choses c'est la
même technologie qui doit s'adapter à la
nature et non l inverse
pendant un an on a complètement changé
bouleversé le sens des parcelles donc
voilà les parcelles étaient dans ce
sens-là dont le sens facile pour le
tracteur au niveau économique le
potentiel des terres très important ici
et si très faibles donc à chaque fois
qu'on met tellement vrai il y avait une
mauvaise utilisation ici mauvaise
utilisation est ici du gaspillage
donc on a choisi de ce moment de
remettre les parcelles en fonction de la
qualité de la terre et on a retrouvé un
vieux cada 2826 les orientations de
terre
j'étais déjà dans son stade on n'a rien
inventé pour autant maintenant qu'est ce
qu'on peut faire pour vous remettre la
biodiversité donc on a fait seulement
deux projets d'agroforesterie ou là on a
invité l'écosystème forestier pour vous
remettre dans l'esprit on a invité
éliminant que ce régime
donc on a replanté des autour des champs
non nous avons la pleine
le plateau est ici une des parcelles
agroforestières une parcelle libre de
passer le groupe au soleil il passait le
livre et la forêt qui est derrière
donc vraiment pour créer une trame entre
la plaine et c'est quelque chose de
progressif qui est intéressant c'est que
déjà par rapport au vent cca remonte
automatiquement en effet de régulation
sur le vent sur le climat aussi bien
d'entendre depuis que ces fresques de
que de jean cézard vont nous apporter la
matière organique
chaque automne césar dont vont être un
vrai relais pour la belle je m'amuse
souvent dire ce sont des vrais airbnb
pour la nature la faune et la flore
parce que tous les six mètres 70 il ya
un hôtel qui est ouvert samedi dimanche
jours fériés pour la nature tant que ça
c'est absolument génial
et quand on voit ici ce qu'on a mis 6 le
verger la diminution de produits
phytosanitaires et dont on peut imaginer
beaucoup de choses très intéressantes au
niveau du de deschamps tous les 30
mètres en cure à une réserve de
biodiversité qui est ici et là donc
souvent à faire ça on voit l'associer
avec l'agriculture de conservation ou la
dombes et rue de conservation c'est
produire en respectant le sol et
profitez donc de falla grito
conservation c'est profitez donc de
chaque rayon du soleil de plus prendre
le pétrole outre au fil d'échecs rayons
du soleil pour utiliser la photosynthèse
et capter du co2 qui est un excellent
arrière et donc ça va être à nous de
choisir des plantes une qui va rapporter
de la zone une autre qui va aider le ver
de terre à bord a travaillé notre qui va
écarter les insectes donc là où j'ai de
la production d'énergie et de la
biodiversité tous les trempettes mais
mon maïs pour le manque est un échec de
conservation n'a jamais été aussi beau
ici dans la partie la plus mauvaise
j'ai il ya deux ans j'ai fait
d'excellents rendements que jamais
j'avais fait depuis qu'on ne laboure
plus donc le sol est percée de
ou et dès qu'il pleut donc dègla terre
se réchauffe plus vite la terre magazine
maintenant avec tout leur on a eu par
exemple ou au printemps
cette eau est resté dans mes champs mais
les vers de terre en place la charrue le
tracteur le fait depuis travaillé les
salles donc on a à l'invasion des
campagnols ce qu'ont à bord plus dans
quel sens heureux il faut du oui c'est
du costaud c'est le sérieux dont ils
peuvent se multiplier
donc de ce qu'on a fait on a mis des
bâtons des grands perchoir et c'est
c'est la biodiversité les rapaces qui
nous gère le dossier samedis dimanches
jours fériés
tout ça ce merveilleux
nous sommes plus dans une lutte dans une
démarche globale l'équilibré remis en
place et donc à partir de là ça va
[Musique]
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