中国的宣传话语是怎样毒害女性的?How does China’s propaganda discourse poison women? |女权|革命|正能量|性别|平权|两性|宣传|文革|毛时代
Summary
TLDRThis video by Anthony delves into the evolution of women's image in China from the Great Leap Forward to the end of the Cultural Revolution. It discusses how the Party constructed a genderless, self-sacrificing image of women, epitomized by the 'Iron Girl' symbol. Despite physical limitations, women were encouraged to work like men, often leading to exploitation and health issues. The video also critiques the modern Chinese official stance on women's consumerism and femininity, highlighting a continued emphasis on traditional values over individual freedom and choice. Anthony calls for a broader understanding of women's liberation as part of human liberation, advocating for women's freedom to be themselves without societal constraints.
Takeaways
- 📜 The video discusses the evolution of the image of women in China from the Great Leap Forward to the end of the Cultural Revolution.
- 🎥 The content emphasizes how the Communist Party constructed and utilized the image of women during this period.
- 🔍 The official rhetoric promotes the idea that despite the reform and opening up, the constructed female image still profoundly influences China's propaganda.
- 💡 Official narratives criticize consumerism and entertainment trends around Women's Day, advocating for a politically significant celebration instead.
- 📅 Historical references include the 1909 female workers’ strike in Chicago and how Women’s Day is celebrated to honor these roots.
- 💪 The video highlights the 'Iron Girl' era, where women were celebrated for their labor contributions but often at the cost of their femininity and health.
- 👩⚕️ Examples from the 2020 pandemic show women making disproportionate sacrifices, such as pregnant nurses working and medical staff being shaved bald.
- 🛠️ During the Cultural Revolution, 'Iron Girl' became a widespread symbol, with women engaging in physically demanding labor typically reserved for men.
- 🏗️ Mao Zedong emphasized the importance of utilizing women as a human resource for building a socialist country.
- 👗 The Cultural Revolution promoted desexualization of women, portraying them in propaganda as strong, self-sacrificing, and indistinguishable from men in terms of labor.
Q & A
What was the focus of Anthony's previous video on women's topics?
-The previous video discussed the essence of the Chinese Women’s Liberation Movement from the Yan'an period to the early 1950s.
What is the main topic of the current video Anthony is presenting?
-The current video focuses on how the Party constructed the image of women from the Great Leap Forward to the end of the Cultural Revolution and its lasting impact on China's propaganda discourse.
How does the Chinese official media typically portray Women's Day?
-Chinese official media typically emphasizes the political significance of Women's Day, criticizes commercialization and entertainment trends, and promotes the idea that women's status is achieved through hard work and dedication.
What is the title of the article published by China Women's News on March 8, 2022?
-The title of the article is 'Women's Day is hard-won. Please do not consume for entertainment, Queen's Day, Don’t touch porcelain.'
What are the two main purposes of Women's Day according to the article mentioned in the video?
-The two main purposes are to commemorate and pay tribute to ancestors and to remind oneself to be a happy worker.
What is the origin of Women's Day as recalled in the article?
-The origin of Women's Day is traced back to the 1909 female workers’ strike in Chicago, USA.
What is the term used to describe women who entered traditionally male workplaces during Mao Zedong's era?
-The term used is 'Iron Girl', which describes women with steely wills and bodies who are not as weak as traditional women and have the courage to break tradition.
What was the slogan raised by Mao Zedong regarding the exploitation of Chinese women as a resource?
-Mao Zedong emphasized that 'Chinese women are a great human resource, this resource must be explored' for building a great socialist country.
How did the 'Iron Girl' movement evolve from the 1950s to the Cultural Revolution?
-In the 1950s, 'Iron Girls' were a sporadic case, but by the Cultural Revolution, they had become an iconic symbol of Chinese women, blooming all over the country.
What kind of propaganda posters were typical during the Cultural Revolution period for depicting women?
-Typical propaganda posters during the Cultural Revolution depicted women with simplicity, often with a strong and muscular physique, masculine movements, dark or reddish skin color, and expressions of enthusiasm, confidence, seriousness, or anger.
What does Anthony suggest as the essence of women's liberation?
-Anthony suggests that the essence of women's liberation is human liberation, which means fully understanding and exploring oneself, tapping and developing one's potential, and having the freedom to be oneself, including both practical feasibility and value tolerance.
What is the significance of the slogan 'I am your future boss, not your future wife' mentioned in the video?
-The slogan signifies women's resistance to the male gaze and their pursuit of gender equality in the workplace, emphasizing personal choice and rejecting the notion of superiority or inferiority between different roles.
Outlines
👥 Women's Image Construction in Chinese Propaganda
Anthony discusses the evolution of women's image in Chinese propaganda from the Great Leap Forward to the end of the Cultural Revolution. He notes the Party's efforts to construct a certain image of women, which, despite fading with economic reforms, still influences China's propaganda discourse. The narrative criticizes commercialization and entertainment trends around Women's Day, using the example of an article from China Women's News on March 8, 2022. The article commemorates the historical struggle for women's rights and criticizes the creation of consumerist holidays like 'Goddess' Day or 'Queen's Day.' Anthony also touches on the debate between feminists about the motivations behind women's pursuit of beauty and the role of propaganda in shaping societal expectations of women's roles, particularly the promotion of self-sacrifice and hard work over individual expression and femininity.
🏗️ The 'Iron Girl' Phenomenon and Women's Labor in Mao's Era
This section delves into the 'Iron Girl' phenomenon, which represented women taking on traditionally male-dominated roles and labor during Mao's era. The 'Iron Girl' symbolized strength, willpower, and the breaking of traditional norms. Initially a sporadic case, the Cultural Revolution saw the widespread emergence of 'Iron Girls' as a symbol of Chinese womanhood. The narrative discusses Mao's emphasis on women as a vital resource for socialist construction and the political slogans encouraging women to work hard and prove their equality with men. Despite physical limitations, women were urged to work in heavy, tiring, and dangerous jobs, often outperforming men due to their desire to prove their worth. The section also highlights the health issues faced by these women due to extreme labor exploitation and the lack of genuine protection for their rights.
🎨 Propaganda's Impact on Women's Identity and the Pursuit of Equality
The final paragraph examines the impact of propaganda on women's identity and the pursuit of gender equality. It discusses the desexualization of women in propaganda, with a focus on simplicity and strength, often at the expense of individuality and femininity. The narrative contrasts the idealized image of 'Iron Girls' with the reality of women's experiences and the trauma caused by extreme labor exploitation. It also addresses the discrepancy between the praise for women's labor and the lack of actual protection and rights for women. Anthony concludes by emphasizing the importance of true women's liberation, which involves understanding and developing one's potential without being constrained by societal expectations or propaganda. He suggests that true equality includes the freedom for women to make their own choices, whether in the workplace or in their personal lives.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Women’s Liberation Movement
💡Great Leap Forward
💡Cultural Revolution
💡Propaganda Discourse
💡International Women’s Day
💡Consumerism
💡Self-Sacrifice
💡Iron Girl
💡Desexualization
💡Gender Equality
💡Individuality
Highlights
The video discusses the period from the Great Leap Forward to the end of the Cultural Revolution and how the Party constructed the image of women during this time.
The female image constructed by the Party has a lasting impact on China's propaganda discourse, evident in official media's emphasis on Women's Day's political significance.
China Women's News criticized commercialization and entertainment trends on Women's Day, advocating for the hard-won and sacred nature of the festival.
The origin of Women’s Day is traced back to the 1909 female workers’ strike in Chicago, USA.
The video recalls the Mao Zedong era and the measures taken to improve women's status, emphasizing the festival's significance and the need for self-sacrifice.
Criticism of consumerism and entertainment as tactics to trap women, suggesting that women's status can only be achieved through hard work.
Analysis of propaganda departments' criticism of consumerism and their influence on individual free choices in China.
Comparison of Chinese official rhetoric with some feminists' views on beauty and self-sacrifice in a male-dominated society.
Discussion on the value of different perspectives on beauty and the importance of individual analysis based on one's own situation.
The video describes how Chinese officials use criticism of consumerism to reestablish ideological authority and promote self-sacrifice among women.
Examples of official promotion of genderless images of women, such as praising pregnant or recently miscarried nurses during the 2020 epidemic.
The 'Iron Girl' phenomenon of the Mao Zedong era, symbolizing women's entry into traditionally male-dominated workplaces.
The Cultural Revolution saw the 'Iron Girl' become an iconic symbol of Chinese women, with a focus on heavy, tiring, and dangerous jobs.
Mao Zedong's emphasis on women as a great human resource that must be explored for building a socialist country.
Political slogans encouraging women to work hard and overcome physical limitations, emulating men in labor.
The establishment of 'Iron Girl Commandos' and similar organizations to promote women's participation in heavy labor.
The impact of the 'Iron Girl' movement on women's health and the physical toll of heavy labor.
The desexualization of women during the Cultural Revolution, with a focus on simplicity and a rejection of traditional femininity.
The video concludes by emphasizing that women's liberation is a reflection of human liberation, advocating for freedom and individuality.
Transcripts
Hello everyone, I'm Anthony
Welcome to subscribe to my channel
Today I want to continue talking about women’s topics
In the previous program
we discussed
From the Yan'an period to the early 1950s
The Essence of the Chinese Women’s Liberation Movement
Friends who haven’t watched it yet can watch the previous issue first
This video
We will discuss the period from the Great Leap Forward to the end of the Cultural Revolution
this period
How the Party Constructs the Image of Women
in my opinion
This kind of female image
Although it gradually faded away with the reform and opening up,
But he never really left
And so far
still profoundly influences China’s propaganda discourse
March 8 every year
We can all see many official media in China publish articles
Emphasizing the political significance of Women’s Day
And severely criticize commercialization and entertainment trends
For example, China Women's News reported on March 8, 2022
Just published an article
The title is "Women's Day is hard-won."
Please do not consume for entertainment
Queen's Day
Don’t touch porcelain》
The article begins by emphasizing the significance of Women’s Day
One is to commemorate and pay tribute to our ancestors
The second is to tell yourself to be a happy worker
Then, the article recalls the origin of Women’s Day
That is, the 1909 female workers’ strike in Chicago, USA
Reminiscing about the Mao Zedong era
How China improves the status of women
And emphasized that this festival is hard-won
is glorious and sacred
So don’t entertain and don’t consume
The article believes
The so-called Goddess’ Day and Queen’s Day
It's just a gimmick created by merchants
is to trap women in consumerism
and entertainmentism
woman's status
You can only get it through your own hard work and hard work.
Rhetoric like this
In the video where we were discussing the anti-Japanese drama
Just analyzed it
in China
Propaganda departments are very accustomed to criticizing consumerism
Slogans of entertainment and marketization
to judge and interfere with individual free choices
their reasons
yes
Merchants package Women’s Day as Goddess’ Day or Queen’s Day
Create a series of consumer symbols
Promote women to "consume for beauty"
Allow women to focus on improving their appearance
Actually just to consume women
Just inducing women to buy more cosmetics
official rhetoric
Superficially similar to some feminists
For example, British feminist Jeffries believes that
Women should refuse to maintain their beauty
and self-sacrifice
Because of the so-called "feminine beauty"
It is essentially a product that caters to the aesthetics of a male-dominated society.
certainly
There are also some feminists who object to this concept
Think women dress up with makeup
Just to make myself happy and confident
It should not be regarded as catering to and pleasing society.
Such arguments are valuable
But there is definitely no standard answer
Because of one’s pursuit of beauty
Is it forced or voluntary?
Everyone always needs to think based on their own actual situation
Society just needs to offer different perspectives
Just let individuals compare and analyze it.
However
Chinese official criticism of female consumerism
But not for
Let women get closer to their true feelings
but to restore and reestablish the authority of ideology
They criticize consumer symbols
To establish their own political symbols
That is, an obedient person who works hard without complaining
The image of a woman accustomed to self-sacrifice
this kind of self-sacrifice
Femininity is often sacrificed
Therefore, women under official propaganda
It often gives people a genderless feeling
A typical case is during the 2020 epidemic
Positive promotion of female characters
For example, praising a female nurse who is 9 months pregnant
Even a female nurse who had a miscarriage for 10 days returned to work, etc.
The most typical one is to shave women’s heads collectively.
February 2020
Official Weibo of Gansu Province
Posted a "Female medical staff
Video of being collectively shaved bald
These medical staff are about to go to Hubei to support epidemic prevention
Officials compared them to Mulan
Shave your hair and join the army
The woman in the shot is obviously crying
Look solemn
Official claim
These female medical staff are all voluntary
Because long hair makes wearing protective clothing inconvenient
But even so
You can also have short hair
Shaving your head is not necessary
more importantly
There is no official promotion
The case of male medical staff shaving their heads
Officially
A woman erases her gender identity
It seems to evoke a sense of sadness among the public.
Women are celebrated
usually means
Women have to make disproportionate sacrifices
Especially if you have to sacrifice your own femininity
The essence of gender equality promoted by Chinese officials
That's it
certainly
This kind of thinking has also been continued from history.
A typical case is the "Iron Girl" of Mao Zedong's era
as early as the 1950s
Officially known as "Iron Girl"
Describes women who enter traditionally male workplaces
"Iron girls" are not as weak as traditional women
Love beauty and other petty bourgeois styles
They have steely wills and bodies
It is the courage to break tradition
Conservative-thinking new-age women
but
At this time, the "Iron Girl" was still just a sporadic case.
to the period of the Cultural Revolution
"Iron Girl" is no longer an exception
Instead, they are blooming all over the country.
Became the iconic symbol of Chinese women during the Cultural Revolution
Although Mao's era
China's overall labor supply exceeds demand
But officials continue to raise
large-scale infrastructure construction
Still leaving many areas with a stretched workforce
in this case
Calling on women to work outside the home
能够显著弥补男性劳动力的不足
In 1955, Mao Zedong emphasized:
“Chinese women are a great human resource
This resource must be explored
In order to build a great socialist country
And struggle. "
From the Great Leap Forward to the Cultural Revolution
a series of political slogans
Such as "women turn over
"Be the master of the country" "Women hold up half the sky"
"Times have changed, men and women are the same"
And criticize the "theory of women's uselessness" and "theory of women's backwardness", etc.
They are all intended to encourage women to be more hard-working and hard-working
Work like a man
Even if it’s challenging physical limits
The official message is that
Although women are physically weaker than men
But human effort and will
able to overcome all objective limitations
So, what gay men can do
Lesbians can do it too
Cultural Revolution period
Many "Iron Girl Commandos" were established
or similar organization
For example, women's oil production team, women's drilling team
Women's live work class, women's tractor class
Women's wood sawing classes and more
The characteristics of these jobs are heavy, tiring, dirty, and dangerous.
However in fact
These teams of women
Often better than men
The reason here is simple
Women themselves are engaged in heavy physical labor
Although not as good as men
But precisely because of this
Many women want to prove that they are not inferior to men
Often voluntarily work overtime
Work harder
There are also many iron girls who think that
Just do more and get less
It is a spirit of selfless dedication
Only in this way can the masses be convinced
Jin Yihong is here
In the article "Chinese Women's Labor During the Cultural Revolution"
Quoting an iron girl from Nanjing
Captain's description:
"Commandos should specialize in doing things that others don't want to do.
In spring, we need to plant rice seedlings, urge water, and ride a waterwheel.
Stay up all night during harvesting
Work as usual the next day
Two great guys are tired
As soon as he fell to the ground, he fell asleep and refused to get up.
we are better than them
There is a girl who is older than me
Full length nucleon
All suppurated
Still not resting. "
A client who works in the oil field described it this way:
“The first women’s well group was established in Daqing
The spirit of Iron Man Wang Jinxi inspires us
We present 'What Men Can Do'
Women can do it too' slogan
In winter, in the snow at more than 40 degrees below zero
We remove wax at the wellhead
One stop takes more than an hour
wearing cotton gloves
My hands are frozen
But when I think about producing more oil for the country,
We don't feel cold anymore
This year
I was awarded the honorable title of pacesetter in the Daqing Campaign. "
Chinese women have long been in a situation where men are superior to women
therefore
Officials set a few female figures as benchmarks
At the same time, provide certain honorary incentives
make women feel
I can work harder than men
and gain a minimum of respect
turn out
Women tend to have greater bursts of energy than men
Speaking of which
We can also understand what Mao Zedong said
“Chinese women are a great human resource”
The connotation is
but
Officials only praise greatness when they exploit women
And in protecting women’s rights
Provide necessary protection for women’s labor, etc.
But it pays lip service but does not deliver
This extreme exploitation of women’s power
It will inevitably cause greater trauma to women
For example, in the interview with Jin Yihong
In a female working team in an oil field
Almost all the female team members are suffering from diseases
Some lumbar discs are prominent
Some have gynecological diseases
Some have urinary incontinence
Due to the different physiological structures of men and women
It is much more convenient for men to urinate in the wild than for women
This makes many women afraid to drink more water
Formed the habit of holding in urine for a long time
While making this video
I also read 1959
A manuscript published in "Labor"
Titled
"The people's communes are really good and they take good care of women"
Take a look at the title
You know this is a job from the Great Leap Forward period
Typical articles praising virtues
The article lists some people's communes
For menstrual period, pregnancy, lactation period
Special care for postpartum women
That is
Let them perform lighter labor tasks
And praised this as the party's "kindness" to women
However, the article also claims
After adjusting labor
Women's work efficiency has been greatly improved
The article lists
A woman named Liang who is breastfeeding
After the production team implemented a system to protect women,
The harvesting performance increased from one acre to two acres every day.
It can be seen that under the general tone of the "Great Leap Forward"
The purpose of adjusting women’s work intensity
Or is it to stimulate women’s enthusiasm?
Finally let them work more
Friends who watch my videos
Probably none of them have ever done cutting crops in the countryside.
This is quite hard work
According to the information I found
an experienced worker
About 0.5-1 acres of land can be harvested in one day
More than one acre is already the limit
And this woman surnamed Liang can mow two acres a day
Even if there is exaggeration
It can also be seen that women’s work intensity was very high at that time.
It is especially important
When officials praise certain communes
When a labor system to protect women is implemented
In fact, it also means that at that time
Regardless of women’s menstrual period and pregnancy period
The practice of arranging high-intensity labor
It has become serious enough that it cannot be ignored
Mao Zedong Era
Promotion of "Iron Girl"
In addition to the requirements
Women engage in work beyond their physiological limits
It also regulates women’s appearance, speech and behavior.
That is, desexualization
As Jin Yihong said in the article:
"Women love beauty
Not only does it mean that you like to act like a child,
Lack of revolutionary spirit
It may also be considered as having serious bourgeois ideas
Nanjing Women’s Moving Class on March 8th
A girl who loves beauty
Because when I have no work to do, I change my clothes and wash my face.
Apply cream
Comb your hair in a small mirror
learn mandarin
Called a goblin
Entered the separate book of backward elements
A joke was also ordered to be written for inspection. "
Cultural Revolution period
The female image in the propaganda poster focuses on simplicity
Heroines usually don’t wear jewelry
Wearing baggy clothing
The uniform hairstyle is ear-length short hair or braids.
Any painting that does not meet this characteristic
may be regarded as
Reactionary works that are divorced from the working people
Painter Ha Qiongwen's work "Long Live Chairman Mao"
Depicts a mother holding up her daughter
Mother wears elegant black velvet cheongsam
wearing pearl earrings
Beautiful body
Daughter wearing leather sandals
However, this work was produced during the Cultural Revolution
Criticized as a poisonous weed that glorifies the bourgeoisie
The reason
lies in
The work depicts women’s beauty and elegance.
It is inconsistent with the image of working women in mainstream propaganda.
At that time, influenced by the propaganda of "Iron Girl"
Women are intentional about their appearance and grooming
move closer to men
Proud of dark complexion
Fair skin appears
lack of labor
Women’s clothing is also mainly green, black and blue
women in posters
Usually have a strong and muscular physique
and masculine movements
Their skin color is dark or reddish
Thick eyebrows and big eyes
Have thick arms and hands
Their expressions are either enthusiastic or enthusiastic
full of confidence
Either steadfastly serious and angry
In short, everything about women
They are all like the model plays of that era
There are fixed routines and programs
This is indeed a kind of equality with Chinese characteristics
It is an erasure of all individuality and special distinctions
Therefore there is no equality of freedom
I think women’s liberation is actually just human liberation
Reflection in the field of women
human liberation
It means to fully understand and explore yourself
Work hard to tap and develop your potential
So
women's liberation
This means that women have the freedom to be themselves
This freedom not only includes the practical feasibility
It should also include value tolerance
For example, a few days ago
I saw some feminists
Wrote this slogan
i am your future boss
not your future wife
I think what this slogan wants to express is
Women's resistance to the male gaze
Pursue gender equality in the workplace
This is of course correct
But a woman is willing to be a wife now
Still want to be a female boss
I think it's just a matter of personal choice
There is no distinction between superior and inferior
wife
It’s not necessarily more conservative than being a female boss.
Even less self-esteem
the most important is
We must first pay attention to our inner world
Don't be fooled by any collective opinions
Pre-unification and representation
That’s it for today’s video
If you need a transcript of this video
You can join my member channel to view
If you have any questions or personal confusion
Want to consult me
Please contact my email
Please refer to this picture for details
I will make this video
Place it in the list "History and Society"
Also recommend to everyone
Check out my other videos on this list
Thank you all for watching, bye!
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