Abo Blood Grouping Test Procedure

ThomasTKtungnung
24 Apr 202404:49

Summary

TLDRThis video tutorial demonstrates the process of ABO and Rh blood grouping using a diagnostic kit containing monoclonal antibodies. It outlines the necessary materials, including a clean glass light, pricking device, and test kit with anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D reagents. The procedure involves pricking a finger, applying blood drops, adding reagents, and observing for agglutination. The video concludes with interpreting the results, showcasing various blood group patterns, and encourages viewers to engage with the channel.

Takeaways

  • 🧬 Diagnostic labs use monoclonal antibodies to identify ABO and Rh blood groups.
  • 💧 Anti-A (blue), Anti-B (yellow), and Anti-D (colorless) are the reagents used for blood grouping.
  • 📦 The diagnostic kit includes vials of antibodies and a dropper for precise reagent application.
  • 🔎 A clean glass light, tile, or test plate is necessary for observing blood reactions.
  • 💉 A pricking device like a lancet or pricking pen is used to obtain a blood sample.
  • 🔄 Homogenize the antibody vials and let them equilibrate to room temperature before testing.
  • 🩸 Sterilize the finger and prick it to collect blood drops for testing.
  • 🔵 Place blood drops on the glass light and add reagents for Anti-A, Anti-B, and Anti-D to respective drops.
  • 🚫 Do not use the same mixing tool for all blood drops to avoid cross-contamination.
  • ⏱️ Allow the blood and reagent mixtures to sit undisturbed for 30 seconds to a few minutes.
  • 🔍 Clumping of red blood cells indicates a positive reaction and helps determine the blood group.

Q & A

  • What is the purpose of the diagnostic kit used in blood grouping?

    -The diagnostic kit is used for ABO and Rh blood grouping, which consists of monoclonal antibodies for A, B, and Rh antigens.

  • What are the color codes for the monoclonal antibodies in the blood grouping test kit?

    -Anti-A (anti-Era A) is blue, Anti-B (Anti-Era B) is yellow, and Anti-D (Anti-Era D) is colorless.

  • What materials are needed to perform the ABO and Rh blood grouping test?

    -A clean glass light, a white porcelain tile, a pricking device, alcohol swab, and a blood grouping test kit with anti-A, B, and D antibody vials are needed.

  • How should the anti-Era antibody vials be prepared before the test?

    -The contents of the vials should be homogenized by inverting each bottle three to five times and allowed to equilibrate to room temperature.

  • How is the blood sample collected for the test?

    -The tip of the middle or ring finger is sterilized with alcohol, allowed to dry, and then pricked using a lancet or pricking pen.

  • Where should the blood drops be placed on the glass light?

    -Four drops of blood should be placed on the glass light at more or less equal distances from each other, not too close to the edges.

  • What is the purpose of the fourth blood drop on the slide?

    -The fourth blood drop serves as a negative control, to which only a drop of normal saline is added.

  • How should the blood and reagent drops be mixed on the slide?

    -Each blood drop should be mixed individually with the corresponding reagent using a different toothpick, match stick, or capillary tube.

  • What is the expected outcome after mixing the blood and reagents?

    -The presence or absence of agglutination (clumping) of red blood cells (RBCs) in the mixture drops is observed after allowing the slide to sit undisturbed for 30 seconds to a couple of minutes.

  • How is the blood group determined based on the test results?

    -The blood group is determined by which of the three drops mixed with anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D reagents exhibit RBC clumping.

  • What does the absence of clumping in the negative control indicate?

    -The absence of clumping in the negative control indicates that the test was performed correctly, and if clumping is observed, the experiment may need to be repeated.

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Etiquetas Relacionadas
Blood GroupingMonoclonal AntibodiesDiagnostic KitABO Rh TestMedical LabAnti-A AntibodyAnti-B AntibodyAnti-D AntibodyLab ProcedureBlood Typing
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