Invasive Alien Species
Summary
TLDRThe video script addresses the threat of invasive alien species in the Assan region, detailing how these non-native plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms are introduced, either intentionally for various industries or accidentally through global trade and shipping. It explains how these species become invasive by outcompeting natives for resources, leading to extinction or displacement. The script also discusses the pathways of introduction, the impact on biodiversity, and the economic costs associated with these species. It concludes with a call to action for governments to implement control strategies and for individuals to report and prevent the spread of invasive species.
Takeaways
- 🌿 Invasive alien species are non-native plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms that can cause harm to the local ecology and economy.
- 🌍 These species are introduced either intentionally for agriculture, aquaculture, or as pets, or accidentally through global trade and transport.
- 🌱 Invasive species become a threat when they survive, reproduce, and outcompete native species for resources, leading to the decline or extinction of native species.
- 🚢 Shipping and transportation are major pathways for the introduction of invasive species, including through ballast water and as hitchhikers on various materials.
- 🌱 Invasive species can thrive in new environments due to their adaptability, rapid reproduction, and ability to disperse widely.
- 🐦 The impact of invasive species on biodiversity includes the disruption of vital ecosystem functions such as pollination and nutrient cycling.
- 🌊 About 12 billion tons of ballast water is transferred globally, often introducing aquatic invasive species that can cause significant ecological and economic damage.
- 💸 Invasive species like the golden apple snail have caused millions in agricultural losses, highlighting the economic impact of these species.
- 🌡️ Climate change can exacerbate the effects of invasive species, with conditions like drought promoting the growth of invasive plants and the spread of diseases.
- 🏛️ Governments can mitigate the spread of invasive species by implementing control strategies, conducting surveys, enforcing quarantine regulations, and raising public awareness.
Q & A
What are invasive alien species?
-Invasive alien species are non-native plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms that have been introduced into a region, either intentionally for purposes like agriculture and aquaculture or accidentally, and which become threats to the local ecology and economy by outcompeting native species for resources.
How do invasive alien species become a threat?
-Invasive alien species become threats when they survive, thrive, and complete their life cycles in new habitats, outcompeting native species for food, water, and space, leading to the extinction or displacement of native species and causing harmful changes to ecosystems and habitats.
What are the pathways through which invasive alien species are introduced?
-Invasive alien species are introduced through land, air, and water transport, wind, and other vectors. This includes the movement of people and goods due to globalization, shipping, and even as hitchhikers on plants, animals, and waste materials.
Why are some species introduced for biological control considered invasive?
-Some species introduced for biological control become invasive when they adapt well to the new environment, reproduce rapidly, and outcompete native species, sometimes even becoming pests themselves.
How does shipping contribute to the introduction of aquatic invasive species?
-Shipping contributes to the introduction of aquatic invasive species by transporting species in ballast water or other parts of the vessel. These species are later released, often leading to their establishment in new environments.
What role do the aquarium and ornamental fish industries play in the spread of invasive species?
-The aquarium and ornamental fish industries are significant pathways for the spread of invasive species due to the unregulated trading of exotic pets. These species can escape or be released, becoming invasive in the wild.
Why is it important to understand invasive alien species in relation to biodiversity conservation?
-Understanding invasive alien species is crucial for biodiversity conservation because they can outcompete and displace native species, leading to extinction and deterioration of vital ecosystem functions such as pollination, soil regeneration, and nutrient cycling.
What are some of the economic impacts of invasive alien species mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions the golden apple snail infestation in the Philippines, which caused an estimated economic loss of 28 to 45 million USD in 1990, and the water hyacinth, which covered significant areas of lakes and freshwater wetlands, impacting fisheries and transportation.
How can climate change affect the spread and impact of invasive alien species?
-Climate change can intensify the effects of invasive alien species by promoting the growth of invasive plants during prolonged droughts and facilitating the spread of invasive pathogens or diseases, which can adversely affect native plants, animals, and humans.
What actions can governments take to prevent the spread of invasive alien species?
-Governments can allocate resources to develop and implement national control strategies, conduct surveys for early detection, explore alternative economic uses, restore habitats, enforce quarantine and importation regulations, and increase public awareness about invasive alien species.
Outlines
🌿 Invasive Alien Species: Threats and Introduction
Invasive alien species are non-native plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms that have been introduced to a region, either intentionally for agriculture, aquaculture, or the pet trade, or accidentally through transport and shipping. These species can become ecological and economic threats by outcompeting native species for resources, leading to extinction or displacement. They are introduced through various pathways including land, air, and water transport, wind, and as hitchhikers on ships and in products. The script emphasizes the need to understand these species to protect biodiversity and ecosystems, as they can cause significant harm by altering habitats and food chains.
🌐 Impacts and Control of Invasive Alien Species
The impacts of invasive alien species are profound, leading to ecological and economic nightmares in many regions. Examples include the golden apple snail infestation in the Philippines and the water hyacinth in the Philippines' Laguna Lake, which have caused significant damage to agriculture and fisheries. Invasive species like giant Mimosa disrupt ecosystems, affecting grasslands and rice fields. Climate change can exacerbate the effects of these species, promoting their spread and potentially causing forest fires and the growth of invasive pathogens. Governments are urged to take action by developing control strategies, conducting surveys, implementing quarantine regulations, and raising public awareness to prevent the spread and mitigate the effects of invasive species on biodiversity and the economy.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Invasive Alien Species
💡Ecology
💡Biodiversity Conservation
💡Aquatic Invaders
💡Globalization
💡Biological Control
💡Aquarium and Ornamental Species
💡Climate Change
💡Quarantine and Importation Regulations
💡Eradication Programs
Highlights
Invasive alien species are non-native plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms that can cause harm to ecosystems and economies.
These species are introduced either intentionally for agriculture, aquaculture, or the pet trade, or accidentally through global trade and transport.
Invasive species become a threat when they outcompete native species for resources, leading to extinction or displacement.
Invasive species are introduced through various pathways including land, air, and water transport, wind, and as hitchhikers.
Globalization and the movement of people and goods have significantly contributed to the spread of invasive species.
Shipping is a major pathway for the introduction of aquatic invaders, often through ballast water.
Invasive species can also be introduced through the live plant and fruit trade, or by escaping exotic pets.
The aquarium and ornamental fish industries are significant sources of invasive aquatic species.
Invasive species can disrupt vital ecosystem functions like pollination, soil regeneration, and water cycling.
The golden apple snail caused significant economic damage to rice farming in the Philippines and Vietnam.
The water hyacinth has clogged waterways and reduced fisheries productivity in the Philippines.
Giant Mimosa has become an invasive weed in the Mekong Delta, affecting grasslands and rice fields.
Climate change can exacerbate the effects of invasive species, such as promoting the growth of fire-prone grasses.
Invasive alien species pose grave threats to biodiversity and require better understanding for effective control.
Governments should develop and implement national control strategies based on research and early detection methods.
Public awareness and involvement are crucial in preventing the spread of invasive alien species.
Transcripts
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what are invasive alien species the
Assan region is under attack by aliens
but not from outer
space meet the invasive alien species
non-native plants animals fungi and
microorganisms that were introduced in
the region either intentionally to
improve production in agriculture and
aquaculture and for the Pet and Aquarium
Industries or accidentally as
Hitchhikers in the transport of products
and through ballast water of ships that
move across oceans these invasive
species have now become threats to our
ecology and
economy when do alien species become
invasive introduced alien species become
invasive when they survive thrive and
complete their life cycles in their new
habitats and outcompete native plants
and animals for food water and space
causing Extinction or displacement of
native species they spread in this new
environment resulting in harmful changes
in ecosystems and
habitats how are invasive alien species
introduced invasive alien species are
introduced through land air and water
transport wind and other Pathways and
vectors a vector is a living or
non-living thing that transports
invasive alien species either
deliberately or
unintentionally the movement of people
and goods due to globalization of trade
and industry has contributed to the
spread of invasive animals plants and
microorganisms
species are exported or imported to
support agriculture aquaculture
Horticulture forestry fisheries and the
food industry unfortunately some species
introduced for biological control of
certain pests for example become pests
themselves shipping is a major pathway
for the introduction of aquatic Invaders
when some species get into the ballast
water or other parts of the vessel and L
later released people bringing in live
plants or fruits May unknowingly
introduce foreign pests and
diseases invasive alien species hitch
hike on PLS ships and even on garbage
floating in the Open Seas seeds may
stick to clothes and
suitcases insects may be transported
through wooden packaging materials
exotic animals kept in captivity as pets
for breeding May escape and turn
invasive in agriculture exotic animals
May deliberately be introduced as
biological control for pests and
diseases the aquarium and ornamental
fish Industries are emerging as
significant Pathways for invasive
species due to the unregulated trading
of aquarium pets such as the red eared
slider janitor fish and other exotic
fishes reptiles and amphibians a third
of the world's worst aquatic invasives
were introduced as aquarium or
ornamental species
in forests exotic species are planted
for reforestation as raw material for
Pulp and Paper as Plantation crops or as
sources of biofuel they eventually
become invasives why do we need to
understand invasive alien species in
relation to biodiversity conservation
and what are their threats and impacts
to biological
diversity invasive alien species have
common
characteristics they can thrive under
adverse conditions reproduce and grow
rapidly have high dispersal ability and
adaptability to new conditions and able
to survive on various food types in a
variety of
environments as these invasive species
Prevail in their new environment native
species are outcompeted for space and
food and even eaten and eventually
becoming extinct vital ecosystem
functions such as pollination soil
regener generation nutrient and water
cycling functions among others may
eventually
deteriorate for example a common Mina
bird can drive away native birds by
occupying their nesting areas and eating
their nests and eggs giant Mimosa a
thorny shrub with buoyant seeds that
grow abundantly in mud flats can drive
away migratory birds feeding and nesting
in these
areas about 12 billion tons of ballast
water throughout the global oceans are
transferred through the shipping trade
Bas water has also been identified as a
vector for the spread of red tide toxic
effects of red tide which can lead to
human fatality include paralytic and
diuretic shellfish
poisoning in recent years some of the
world's worst invasive alien species
have caused ecological and economic
nightmares in many Assan member states
the cost to farm of the golden apple
snail infestation in the Philippines was
estimated at 28 to 45 million Us in
1990 the snail rought havoc on Vietnam's
rice fields where it was introduced in
1988 for culturing in backyard ponds as
an alternative high protein food for
duck and fish some snails escaped and
spread to ponds trenches and rice fields
thereby becoming
pests the water hin has clogged
waterways impeding boat transport and
fishing activities and reducing
Fisheries
productivity in the80s the water
Hyacinth covered at least 1/5th of the
Philippines lagona Lake it is also WID
spread on freshwater wetlands of the
makong
Delta giant Mimosa is one of the worst
weeds in the lower makong region because
of its ability to spread rapidly in long
distances in flood waters affecting
grasslands flood Plaines and pastures
converting them into unproductive shrub
lands it also destroyed rice fields in
nearby
areas climate change can intensify the
effects of invasive alien species fire
prone grasses such as Kone grass and
sayam weeds can trigger forest fires
during excessive and prolonged droughts
in forested
areas Rising temperature and prolonged
drought may also promote the growth of
invasive alien pathogens or diseases
which can adversely affect native plants
and animals and humans as
well as invasive alien species pose
grave threats to biodiversity their life
cycles modes of introduction and means
of survival should be better understood
to enable effective control measures and
minimize their damaging effects to
biological
resources what can governments do to
prevent the spread of invasive alien
species governments should allocate
resources to develop and Implement
National control strategies and programs
based on Research results on invasive
alien species physiology and Pathways
they should undertake National invasive
alien species surveys for early
detection and explore alternative
economic uses restore habitats and
replant native
plants strictly Implement quarantine
importation regulations for plants and
animals and cost-effective eradication
programs and increase public Awareness
on invasive alien
species review and update existing list
of prohibited species with proper pest
risk
analysis build research and development
capacities and strengthen
competencies invasive alien species is a
silent threat causing serious and
irreversible changes in our biodiversity
and economy take an active stand to
protect our native species and habitats
now report all invasive alien species in
your areas to proper authorities and get
involved in all invasive alien species
prevention
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