Reverse Aging: Dr David Sinclair on NMN & Anti Ageing supplements (including their side effects)
Summary
TLDREl guion habla sobre la importancia de NMN y NAD para la longevidad y la salud. Se menciona que los genes de longevidad, conocidos como sirtuins, se activan durante el ejercicio y la dieta, pero su eficacia disminuye con la edad. Para combatir esto, se puede aumentar el nivel de NAD en el cuerpo, lo que mejora la salud y puede prevenir enfermedades. El NMN es un precursor que ayuda a aumentar los niveles de NAD. Además, se discuten otros métodos de mantener la salud, como el ayuno intermitente y la toma de metformina bajo supervisión médica, y se aboga por la importancia de la autovigilancia en la salud.
Takeaways
- 🧬 La investigación realizada en el laboratorio del entrevistado en la década de 2000 descubrió que ciertos genes de longevidad, conocidos como sirtuinas, protegen el cuerpo contra enfermedades como Alzheimer y diabetes.
- 🔄 Los sirtuinas son siete genes presentes en el cuerpo humano que, con el tiempo, se activan menos a medida que envejecemos, afectando negativamente nuestro estado de salud.
- 💊 El NAD (Nicotinamida adenina dinucleótido) es una molécula esencial para la vida humana, implicada en reacciones químicas y como sensor del cuerpo ante la adversidad.
- 📉 Los niveles de NAD disminuyen con la edad y la falta de actividad, lo que se asocia con un mayor riesgo de enfermedades.
- 💊 El NMN (Nicotinamida mononucleótido) es un precursor que el cuerpo utiliza para producir NAD, y su ingesta puede aumentar los niveles de NAD en el cuerpo humano.
- 🧪 Existen datos de ensayos clínicos que sugieren que aumentar los niveles de NAD puede mejorar la salud humana y potencialmente tratar enfermedades como la insuficiencia renal y la supervivencia a COVID-19.
- 🏃♂️ Otras formas de aumentar los niveles de NAD incluyen el ejercicio, la dieta y el uso de sauna, pero el NMN ofrece una alternativa de suplemento para lograr el mismo objetivo.
- 🚫 A pesar de que el entrevistado es un defensor del NMN, él desmiente cualquier involucramiento en la venta de productos relacionados y enfatiza la importancia de la ciencia detrás de su uso.
- 👨⚕️ Se sugiere que, bajo la supervisión de un médico, es posible prevenir enfermedades como la diabetes y la enfermedad cardiovascular a través del uso de medicamentos seguros como la metformina y la resveratrol.
- 🌐 La revolución en el enfoque de la salud y el bienestar del público, impulsada en parte por la pandemia, ha llevado a un mayor interés en la autovigilancia de la salud y la adopción de estilos de vida antienvejecimiento.
- 🍽 La práctica del ayuno intermitente se ha convertido en una tendencia ampliamente aceptada, con un impacto significativo en la salud y la longevidad, y se espera que esta tendencia se fortalezca en los próximos años.
Q & A
¿Qué es NMN y por qué es importante según el guion?
-NMN es un precursor que el cuerpo utiliza para producir NAD, una molécula esencial para la vida que se requiere para reacciones químicas y actúa como sensor del cuerpo ante la adversidad. El consumo de NMN ha demostrado aumentar los niveles de NAD, lo que es beneficioso para la salud humana según estudios clínicos.
¿Cuál es la relación entre los genes de longevidad y NMN?
-Los genes de longevidad, como los sirtuins, requieren NAD para su actividad. A medida que envejecemos, los niveles de NAD disminuyen, lo que reduce la actividad de estos genes. NMN ayuda a aumentar los niveles de NAD, potencialmente mejorando la función de estos genes.
¿Cómo pueden los niveles de NAD disminuir con el tiempo y la edad?
-Los niveles de NAD disminuyen cuando no hay adversidad, como cuando se come en exceso y se está inactivo, y también disminuyen con la edad. Un adulto de 50 años tiene aproximadamente la mitad de los niveles que un joven de 20 años.
¿Qué es la importancia de mantener los niveles de NAD en niveles juveniles?
-Mantener los niveles de NAD en niveles juveniles puede ayudar a mejorar la salud humana, imitar el ejercicio, la dieta y potencialmente mejorar esos modalidades, y se espera que en el futuro pueda tratar enfermedades como la insuficiencia renal y la supervivencia a COVID-19.
¿Cuáles son algunos de los beneficios que ha experimentado el entrevistado al tomar NMN durante ocho a diez años?
-El entrevistado ha experimentado solo beneficios al tomar NMN, como mejoras en la salud general, y no ha mencionado ningún efecto secundario negativo.
¿Qué es Metformin y por qué lo toma el entrevistado?
-Metformin es una medicación utilizada para tratar la diabetes tipo 2. El entrevistado la toma como medida preventiva para evitar enfermedades como la diabetes y la enfermedad cardiovascular, a pesar de que algunos médicos pueden recomendarla solo para personas mayores de 60 años.
¿Cómo aborda el entrevistado las preocupaciones sobre los efectos secundarios de Metformin?
-El entrevistado sugiere que los efectos secundarios de Metformin, como la disminución del tamaño de los músculos, son reversibles y que los riesgos son pequeños en comparación con los beneficios de la prevención de enfermedades.
¿Qué cambios en el comportamiento y estilos de vida antienvejecimiento cree que veremos en el futuro?
-El entrevistado es optimista sobre la adopción de estilos de vida antienvejecimiento y prácticas como el ayuno intermitente, que ya es popular. Cree que la revolución en la atención de la salud por parte de la población continuará y se volverá más prevalente.
¿Qué papel juegan los dispositivos y las pruebas caseras en la revolución de la salud mencionada?
-Los dispositivos y las pruebas caseras están facilitando que las personas se activen en su propia salud, permitiéndoles realizar pruebas en casa y monitorear su salud de manera más fácil y accesible.
¿Por qué el entrevistado cree que la práctica del ayuno intermitente es popular y posiblemente subestimada?
-El entrevistado cree que el ayuno intermitente es popular porque es relativamente fácil de hacer y tiene un bajo riesgo percibido. Además, la preocupación por la salud y la muerte debido a la pandemia ha incrementado el interés en prácticas de salud como el ayuno intermitente.
Outlines
🧬 La importancia de NMN y la salud
El primer párrafo aborda la importancia de NMN (Nicotinamide mononucleotide) en el contexto de la investigación sobre la longevidad. Se menciona que en los estudios de la década de 2000, se descubrió que ciertos genes de longevidad, conocidos como sirtuinas, protegen el cuerpo contra enfermedades como Alzheimer y diabetes. Estos genes se activan durante situaciones adversas como el ejercicio, la dieta y el sauna, pero su actividad disminuye con la edad. La NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) es un componente esencial en el cuerpo que se utiliza para la producción de estos enzimas y su nivel disminuye con la edad. El NMN es un precursor que el cuerpo utiliza para producir NAD, y su ingesta puede aumentar los niveles de NAD en el cuerpo, lo que ha demostrado ser beneficioso en estudios clínicos. Aunque no se ha demostrado que NMN extienda la vida, ha mostrado mejoras en la salud y el rendimiento, y se está investigando su potencial para tratar enfermedades como la insuficiencia renal y la supervivencia a COVID-19.
💊 Consideraciones sobre el uso de Metformina y Resveratrol
El segundo párrafo discute el uso temprano de Metformina, una medicación comúnmente utilizada para tratar la diabetes tipo 2, y Resveratrol, un compuesto polifenólico encontrado en la uva y otros productos naturales. Se aborda la preocupación de los efectos secundarios de la Metformina, como la disminución de la masa muscular, y cómo el doctor del entrevistado lo instó a usarla a los 29 años debido a altos niveles de colesterol. Se argumenta que, bajo supervisión médica, es razonable comenzar a usar medicamentos para prevenir enfermedades en edades tempranas, especialmente cuando estos son seguros y reversibles. Además, se cuestiona la percepción pública sobre los riesgos de los medicamentos basada en información incompleta o malinterpretada, y se enfatiza la importancia de revisar los datos científicos originales y medirse a uno mismo bajo supervisión médica antes de tomar decisiones sobre el uso de medicamentos.
🌐 La revolución en la autovigilancia de la salud
El tercer párrafo explora el aumento en la autovigilancia de la salud y la adopción de estilos de vida antienvejecimientos, como la ayuno intermitente, en respuesta al despertar de la conciencia sobre la salud causada por la pandemia. Se menciona que el uso de pruebas caseras se ha vuelto más común y que, aunque hay riesgos asociados con la falta de supervisión médica, la toma de control de la propia salud es esencial. Se destaca la importancia de los cambios en el estilo de vida, como la reducción de las comidas diarias y el aumento de los horarios de ayuno, y cómo estos pueden ser más efectivos que los medicamentos en la promoción de la longevidad y la salud. Finalmente, se expresa optimismo sobre la futura adopción de estas prácticas por parte de la mayoría de la población.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡NMN
💡NAD
💡Sirtuinas
💡Longevidad
💡Adversidad
💡Ensayos clínicos
💡Metformina
💡Restricción calórica
💡Fasting intermitente
💡Salud preventiva
Highlights
NMN is a precursor that the body uses to make NAD, which is required for life and involved in chemical reactions.
As we age, NAD levels decrease, which can be mitigated by boosting NAD back to youthful levels.
Raising NAD levels can improve human health and potentially treat diseases like kidney failure and COVID-19.
Ingesting NMN has been shown to raise NAD levels by about two to threefold in humans.
The speaker has been taking NMN for approximately eight to ten years and has only seen benefits.
Exercise, fasting, and sauna can boost NAD levels, but NMN supplementation is another way to achieve this.
NAD boosters have been shown to improve performance, endurance, and overall health.
There are no known adverse events in human clinical trials for NMN supplementation.
The speaker emphasizes the importance of consulting with a doctor before starting any supplementation.
Metformin is discussed as a medication that can prevent heart disease and diabetes, even for those in their 30s.
The speaker counters misconceptions about the side effects of metformin and its impact on muscle mass.
The importance of verifying scientific claims by reading the original research papers is highlighted.
Intermittent fasting is becoming a popular health practice, with many people already practicing it.
The pandemic has been a wake-up call for many to take a more active role in their health and wellness.
The speaker is optimistic about the future of personal health monitoring and lifestyle changes for the better.
The speaker predicts that in 20 years, the majority of people will be actively monitoring their health.
The speaker discusses the ease of adopting intermittent fasting as a health practice.
The speaker notes a shift away from the conventional three-meals-a-day pattern towards more flexible eating schedules.
Transcripts
now you're you're a big fan of nmn and
before I read your book I had never even
heard of nmn why why is that good
well now we're talking about research uh
from my lab in the early 2000s we found
that the certain longevity genes that
we've my team and well I should say my
mentors team Lenny guarante uh
discovered certain so let me tell you
about sirtuins these are seven genes in
our body some of us have better versions
than others and in general it's it's
found that they protect the body against
diseases ranging from um Alzheimer's to
diabetes now these genes I'll get
Switched Off over time
the the main role is to make enzymes
that tell the body how to survive during
adversity so when you're exercising and
dieting and in sauna they come on
protect the body but the problem is as
we get older they become less active and
one of the biggest problems is that for
their activity they require a a little
molecule in the body a very abundant one
called NAD NAD is required for life it's
involved in chemical reactions but it's
also used as a sensor for the body of
adversity when we have no adversity
we're eating a lot and sitting around
NAD levels go down that's true as we get
older as well so a 50 year old has half
the levels of a 20 year old for NAD
um
and what we like to do is to boost the
levels of NAD back up to youthful levels
and mimic exercise mimic dieting or even
enhance those modalities now we've even
got
um human clinical trial data I was
mentioning one of my companies has done
clinical trials already for the last few
years and by raising NAD levels we can
actually improve human health
and we hope that this will be a drug one
day to treat diseases ranging from
kidney failure to even
covid-19 survival
so what about nmn well nmn is a
precursor that the body uses to make NAD
and by ingesting nmn we've shown in
humans that you can raise your NAD
Levels by about two to threefold and
that's beneficial in humans based on
clinical studies
um you know when I say I'm a fan you
know I'm not selling this stuff a lot of
companies claim that I'm involved with
uh selling it that's not true I spend
fair amount of legal fees on trying to
stop that
um but yeah any NAD boosters as they're
called seem to be really beneficial I
take nmn um and I've been doing so for
probably about eight to ten years and uh
so far so good I've only seen benefits
some people ask about and so basically
you're saying the goal is to increase
your NAD
um one way to do that is through
exercise you know you can do that by
fasting sauna um but there's this other
way to do is to is to take this nmn
um essentially it's a supplement and you
and and that can also boost your NAD
uh yes that's what the science is saying
and others have shown to improve six
minute walk so it's being used for
performance uh endurance and overall
health
it's not proving that it extends
lifespan in fact we've only just
recently founded extensor mouse's
lifespan haven't published that yet
so it's early days we still have a lot
to go on um or to do at least but other
side effects for taking it or their
um or does doing one thing make it
harder to do something else or
doesn't seem to be I mean mice in mice
there's a couple of studies in some rare
cases of genetically inbred mice that
don't have an immune system uh that they
there's hints that cancer might spread
slightly more frequently in a very small
study but these are mice that are in
bread and have no immune system so
it's still full steam ahead with human
clinical trials there's been no Adverse
Events in any of the patients that have
been tested
or the subjects I should call them
um and yeah so I'm I'm not yet ready to
say that there's any known uh or at
least a tangible provable risks that uh
you know I want to be the first person
to know if there's a risk because yeah
father takes it my friends and family
take it I take it
um so I'm not I'm not selling it I just
want to know the science but I do know
that my father is too old to wait till
100 proof that this extends lifespan you
and I are getting to that point where we
can't wait
um and so that's really what I'm doing
is I'm educating the public about the
risks and rewards there are a couple of
male studies that I want to point out
but you know all weight up I think that
uh the risk right now for me and my
family is it's worth taking that risk
until until further notice now you also
take Metformin
um and um and
um like I don't even know how to
pronounce it but sorry always virtual
where's virtual yeah yeah
um and you know uh and often I'll you
know when I talk to my doctor he's like
well I I feel like you know maybe you're
a bit too young to take metformin and
maybe you know I I often encourage my
patients who are let's say 60 or over
but it has some side effects and that it
makes it a little bit less likely to
build muscle mass and stuff like that
like how do you weigh some of those
things
uh well let's start with when should you
start
um I had a a real
um heart to heart with my doctor when I
was 29. I had super high cholesterol
levels and he said I don't want to put
you on a medicine because you're too
young and I said dude
it I don't want to wait till I get heart
disease to go on a medicine put it on
put me on it now
so I've I've always been
of the philosophy that
it doesn't matter what age somebody is
you treat everybody the same way you
know within reason of course 20 year
olds are a bit young for this kind of
stuff but if you're in your 30s and you
want to uh prevent heart disease prevent
diabetes I think that it's perfectly
fine uh under Dr supervision taking
medicines that will prevent disease
especially when does these medicines are
extremely safe you do it under doctor
Supervision in case there's a problem
but with metformin for example and
certainly Resveratrol very very very
rare that somebody uh gets so sick that
it's a problem and it's it's always
reversible as well you just stop taking
it if you get sick so these are risks I
think are worth taking I don't prescribe
anything I don't even recommend anything
publicly so I would say talk to your
doctor you know it's if they say you're
too young
I would keep fighting it I would show
you the data and if if you want there's
always alternative doctors
um I just I think that the the argument
that when you're young it's too early I
you know there's a there's a at least
when I heard that there's this trade-off
of like okay it's hard to build muscle
mass building muscle mass is very
important as you get older
um and so
um and so you know so you have to figure
the trade
well it's frustrating to me as a
scientist that
when somebody says something in public
or someone a podcaster says it's a
problem it becomes locked into the
Public's Consciousness and unfortunately
nobody ever goes back
and reads the actual paper that this
came from and that that was also true
for the women's health initiative and
breast cancer people still believe that
HRT causes breast cancer and uh that
turns out it doesn't same for metformin
and exercise when you look at the data
uh and it's really easy to see it's not
difficult you can look at it the graph
that says there's a difference uh first
of all is being manipulated in a way
that is deceiving they cut off the
y-axis so that you're just seeing the
very tippy top of the bars and the
actual difference is about five percent
um and it turns out that that five
percent is almost certainly due to
people just not doing the extra couple
of reps in the exercise because they
feel a bit more tired so what's the
solution well if you don't mind having
muscles that are five percent
smaller then no big deal those muscles
are just as strong and healthier
um and have less inflammation
I don't care if my muscles are still 95
there I'm not trying to win any contests
for bodybuilding but I can also I can
avoid metformin on days I work out no
big deal or force myself to do a couple
more reps when I feel tired that's all
it is I wouldn't say that that's a
reason not to take Metformin there are
other reasons such as gastric uh
gastrointestinal issues that's more of a
an issue but I think it the point here
that I want to make is
make sure that the science is true and
the data that you're getting is true
don't just believe pundits or even uh
you know doctors who are saying this
stuff try to go to the paper read it or
listen to scientists who do read papers
and also just measure yourself do it
under Dr supervision make sure that it's
not harming you make sure you feel fine
and then by all means in my view it's
worth starting in your 40s to maximize
your lifespan because we're aging every
day it doesn't just begin after the age
of 50 or 60.
now initially I was actually kind of
skeptical to the idea that like big
subsets of the population would adopt
any of these anti-aging Lifestyles but
then I saw a couple of studies that say
10 of Americans are already intermittent
fasting every single day over 25 percent
have already tried it maybe intermittent
fasting is is not the best one to
measure because it's kind of easy to do
you just kind of skip breakfast and so
it's kind of a simple relatively simple
thing to do but how optimistic that you
actually will see widespread Behavior
changes
well we are in in the midst of a
revolution in people's wellness and how
active they are in their own health
pandemic was a major wake-up call to
people who stared in the mirror and saw
their own mortality and then there was a
boom in home testing because people
didn't want to go into doctor's offices
for obvious reasons and so it's becoming
also easier for people to take home
tests now we don't want people you know
going rogue and testing themselves and
trying to interpret themselves with chat
gpt4 and Beyond I don't think that's the
only solution I think there's a risk
that uh we won't have enough doctor
supervision and some people overdo it
there's always that risk so there's a
caution here I do think though that
there's a place for people taking their
own health into their own hands you
can't always be supervised by your
doctor when you're at a restaurant
people do need to realize that most of
what affects their health in the future
is up to them not their doctor and what
you do every day in your life Echoes for
decades and that changing a lifestyle
is as important if not more important
than the medicines you will take and
that's why I think that this revolution
that we're seeing in
the population not just in the US but
around the world is a great thing and
will only become more prevalent and in
20 years it'll be the majority of people
will will be on board with monitoring on
health it's going to get easier and
easier with devices as well uh cheaper
and cheaper and we'll look back at
two years ago when almost nobody did
this and think that going to your doctor
once a year for an annual checkup and
having the doctor banging your knees and
cough uh will will seem medieval in fact
even to us today it seems medieval
yeah it's in intermittent fasting one
it's while it's you know maybe uh 10 of
the population it seems like it's it's
probably closer to 40 percent of my
friends oh yeah and
um and one I think one of the reasons is
well besides the fact that it's
relatively easy to do
um it's it's maybe one of the easiest
ones to to to to to do of of all the of
all the things that people prescribe
um it's also also pretty easy to to at
least for people to believe that has low
harm
um and because if you say to somebody
stop eating meat or something like that
first of all I think that's hard for
people to do because they they love they
might love their meat and second they
may they may show you 40 studies of how
that actually could do harm to them
um whereas and so so it's it's kind of
like this both things that come in of
why people may change behaviors
yeah absolutely and everybody's
different some people like hot and cold
therapy some people don't um yeah
exercises for some it's not for me
although I know it's important to do
um and the same goes for fasting I do
agree that there's a real uh I don't
know if it's fashion or a permanent
trend for people to not eat the three
meals a day that we were told to eat and
snack in between I think that's very
2010 we're beyond that now uh most
people realize that we're eating too
much obviously you can see it in
people's waistlines and I think that
that 10 is an underestimate that
certainly people who are taking notice
of
what's out the information that's out
there
um yeah in in my Circles of course it's
it's 95 but I think I meet enough people
from the general public that it's way
more than 10 that people are interested
in their health and I think that's also
largely driven by the pandemic people
worried about getting
sick and dying I mean what 30 or 40 year
old ever had to worry about that before
yeah and so after that in in the
aftermath people are just more
interested in seeing what they can do
now and fasting is a pretty easy way to
go to start skipping breakfast a lot of
people do that anyway trying to have a
very small lunch or skip lunch is
another way to go I like to eat within a
six hour window at night I'll have
dinner I often uh as I said snack a
little bit during the day but that's my
goal at least and I compensate by
drinking a lot of liquids that don't
have sugar in them and that helps yeah
you know it's it's an amazing thing to
see how just in in my career working on
aging and talking about aging and
talking about longevity and fasting went
from Total Fringe in science to now
mainstream in not just science but in
the General Public
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