How I Learn New Content and Never Forget
Summary
TLDRThis video transcript delves into the concept of 'higher order learning' as suggested by learning expert Justin Sung. It contrasts lower order learning, which focuses on memorizing facts, with higher order learning that involves applying and evaluating information. The video outlines a framework to promote deeper understanding by asking critical questions about the importance, relevance, and application of the material. It uses the example of COVID-19's RNA structure to illustrate how higher order learning can enhance comprehension and problem-solving in virology.
Takeaways
- 📚 Higher Order Learning: The concept of 'higher order learning' is introduced as a way to deeply understand and connect information, as opposed to just memorizing facts.
- 🤔 Understanding Spectrum: Understanding is presented as a spectrum, with recalling facts and concepts at the lower end, and applying or evaluating information at the higher end.
- 🧩 Puzzle Analogy: The script uses a puzzle analogy to explain the difference between lower and higher order learning, emphasizing the importance of seeing how pieces fit together.
- 🔑 Three Critical Questions: A framework for higher order learning is suggested, which involves asking why something is important, how it relates to other information, and how it will be used or tested.
- 🔍 Importance of COVID-19: The script uses COVID-19 as an example to illustrate the application of the higher order learning framework, highlighting the significance of RNA in the virus.
- 🔬 RNA vs DNA: The differences between RNA and DNA are discussed to show how understanding the basics can lead to a deeper comprehension of complex topics like virology.
- 🛡️ Vaccine Development: The script suggests thinking about how a vaccine might work against COVID-19 as a way to apply higher order learning and understand the material at a deeper level.
- 📝 Avoiding Relearning: The importance of learning material properly the first time using higher order learning is emphasized to avoid the need for relearning later.
- 📆 Memorization of Details: The script acknowledges that there will be details that cannot be connected through higher order learning and introduces a fourth question about the necessity of memorizing such details.
- 🔑 Fourth Bonus Question: The script teases a fourth question, 'Do I need to memorize the details?', which is suggested as a topic for a future video.
Q & A
What is the main issue the speaker faced with their learning process?
-The speaker felt they understood the material during class but struggled to recognize anything when reviewing their notes, often feeling like they had to relearn everything.
Who did the speaker consult to address their learning issue?
-The speaker consulted an expert learning coach named Justin Sung.
What concept did Justin Sung introduce to the speaker?
-Justin Sung introduced the concept of 'higher order learning' to address the speaker's learning difficulties.
What does 'higher order learning' refer to in the context of the video?
-'Higher order learning' refers to the ability to apply information, evaluate it, and understand how different pieces of information relate to and fit together within a bigger picture.
According to the video, what is an example of 'lower order learning'?
-An example of 'lower order learning' is memorizing facts and concepts without understanding their relationships or applications, such as memorizing that 'mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell' without understanding its role in the cell's function.
What are the three critical questions the speaker suggests asking to promote higher order learning?
-The three critical questions are: 'Why is it important?', 'How does it relate to other info?', and 'How will I use this info or how will I be tested on this?'
What is the fourth bonus question that the speaker mentions for situations where higher order learning may not apply?
-The fourth bonus question is 'Do I need to memorize the details?', which is used to determine if certain details are important to memorize despite not fitting into higher order learning.
How does the speaker use the concept of 'puzzle pieces' to explain higher order learning?
-The speaker uses 'puzzle pieces' as a metaphor for concepts or pieces of information. Higher order learning involves taking multiple puzzle pieces and relating them together to understand how they fit into the bigger picture of the subject matter.
What is an example of applying higher order learning to the topic of COVID-19 in the video?
-The example given is understanding why COVID-19 is important due to its RNA structure, how it relates to other information about RNA and DNA, and considering how this knowledge could be applied in creating a vaccine.
What advice does the speaker give for students who want to avoid relearning material?
-The speaker advises students to invest more time upfront to understand the material at a higher level, using higher order learning techniques, to avoid the need for relearning and playing catch-up later.
What is the speaker's call to action for viewers at the end of the video?
-The speaker asks viewers to share which part of the framework was most helpful to them in the comments below, as it will help with future video ideas.
Outlines
📚 Embracing Higher Order Learning
The paragraph introduces the concept of 'higher order learning' as a solution to the common struggle of not recognizing or understanding class material when reviewing notes. It emphasizes the importance of truly understanding information beyond just memorizing facts, suggesting that higher order learning involves applying and evaluating information. The video aims to break down this concept and provide a step-by-step guide to apply it effectively, starting with the idea that understanding lies on a spectrum, from recalling facts (lower order) to applying and evaluating information (higher order).
🧩 The Puzzle of Higher Order Learning
This section uses the analogy of solving a puzzle to differentiate between lower and higher order learning. Lower order learning is compared to understanding individual puzzle pieces in isolation, such as memorizing facts about cell components like mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus. In contrast, higher order learning is about relating multiple pieces together to see how they fit into the bigger picture, understanding the relationships and comparisons between different concepts.
🤔 A Framework for Higher Order Learning
The paragraph presents a framework to promote higher order learning, which revolves around asking three critical questions: why is the information important, how does it relate to other information, and how will it be used or tested. These questions are designed to encourage deeper understanding and application of knowledge. Additionally, a fourth bonus question is hinted at, which is whether the details need to be memorized, a topic to be explored in a future video.
🦠 Applying the Framework to COVID-19
The framework for higher order learning is applied to the topic of COVID-19, an RNA virus. The paragraph explains how understanding the importance of COVID-19's RNA genetic material, its relation to the stability and volatility of RNA compared to DNA, and considering how this knowledge might be applied in creating a vaccine, exemplifies higher order learning. It suggests moving beyond rote memorization to invest time in understanding the material deeply, which can prevent the need for relearning later.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Higher Order Learning
💡Lower Order Learning
💡Active Recall
💡Conceptual Understanding
💡Critical Questions
💡COVID-19
💡RNA
💡DNA
💡Vaccine Development
💡Memorization
💡Framework
Highlights
The concept of 'higher order learning' is introduced as a key to truly understanding material beyond mere memorization.
The importance of explaining concepts simply to ensure true understanding is discussed.
Applying information and solving problems are suggested as indicators of understanding.
A spectrum of understanding is presented, from recalling facts to applying and evaluating information.
Higher order learning involves relating multiple pieces of information to understand the bigger picture.
A framework for higher order learning is proposed, focusing on asking three critical questions.
The first question in the framework asks why the information is important.
The second question encourages relating new information to existing knowledge.
The third question is about how the information might be applied or tested.
An example using COVID-19's RNA structure to demonstrate higher order learning is provided.
The difference between RNA and DNA in terms of stability and mutation is explained.
The concept of a vaccine against COVID-19 is used to illustrate applying higher order learning.
The importance of understanding material deeply to avoid relearning is emphasized.
A fourth bonus question about memorizing details is introduced as part of the learning framework.
The transcript suggests that not all details are suitable for higher order learning, such as random dates or names.
An invitation for feedback on the framework's effectiveness is extended to the audience.
A teaser for the next video in the series on understanding is given.
Transcripts
there were times when I felt like I
understood the material during class but
when it came time to review I'd open my
notes and I wouldn't recognize anything
sometimes it felt like I had to relearn
everything all over again so I went to
an expert learning coach about this our
friend Justin sung and he had three
words for me higher order learning
that's what we're gonna break down in
this video and since this is part of our
ongoing ultimate study skills series
I'll have a step-by-step portion at the
end to help you apply this skill so what
does it mean to really understand
something some experts will say if you
can't explain it simply then you don't
understand it I definitely agree with
that but it doesn't capture the full
picture other people might say if you
can apply the info and use it to solve
problems or answer questions then you
understand it that's better we're
getting closer but now you can see that
how well you understand something lies
on a spectrum if you're able to recall
facts and Concepts that's considered
lower order but if you apply the
information or evaluate information
against each other that's higher order
and that's what Justin was talking about
higher order learning if I was trying to
solve a puzzle lower order would be
trying to understand each puzzle piece
in isolation either by learning the
concepts memorizing facts maybe using
some active recall let's say this is a
piece of info mitochondria is a
Powerhouse of the cell it's got a Groove
here and a Groove here got it next piece
the Golgi apparatus is the Post Office
of the cell it's got a Groove here it
kind of looks like this all right next
piece this is actually how most students
learn now for higher order learning this
means taking multiple puzzle pieces and
relating them together how do they
compare and contrast do these somehow
fit together to create a part of the
puzzle or how do these pieces here fit
into the bigger picture that's the way
you want to be learning everything
knowing how everything fits together so
let's talk about a framework to promote
higher order learning and it all comes
down to asking three critical questions
why is it important how does it relate
to other info and how will I use this
info in other words how will I be tested
on this there's also a fourth bonus
question but we'll talk about that later
okay let's see this framework in action
and let's say we're learning about
kova's virology first I'll ask what is
it covid-19 is an RNA virus that's great
and all but that's lower order learning
so let's go higher why is it important
covid-19 stores its genetic material in
the form of RNA which is different from
most other organisms that use DNA next
how does this relate to other
information RNA is single stranded while
DNA is double-stranded RNA travels
around the cell easily while DNA stays
safe inside the nucleus meaning that RNA
is more unstable and more volatile
compared to DNA and all this works in
covid's favor it allows it to change and
mutate quickly to stay ahead of our
immune system so next how will I use
this information or how will I be tested
on it well let's say we had to invent a
vaccine against covid how might this
vaccine work what might it Target maybe
RNA so we want to break away from lower
order learning right we don't want to
just chuck all the facts and details
onto flashcards and start memorizing
everything instead we want to invest
more time up front to understand the
material and think about it at a higher
level learn it properly the first time
so that later on we're not relearning
things and playing catch-up and of
course there's always going to be a
bunch of arbitrary details that we can't
apply higher order learning to things
like random dates or random names of
enzymes or basically anything that seems
unrelated to the main Concepts
that's when the fourth bonus question
comes in and that question is do I need
to memorize the details and this is now
a topic for a whole other video but it's
still very important for understanding
info so I'll be sure to link that at the
end but let me ask you which part of
this framework was most helpful to you
let me know in the comments below it's
going to really help me out with future
video ideas anyways don't forget to
check out the next video on
understanding right here see ya
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