Pengertian Sejarah

Summary

This video script delves into the concept of history, emphasizing its broad definition encompassing origins, past events, and knowledge of past occurrences. It highlights various historians' perspectives, including Herodotus, Ibnu Khaldun, Collingwood, and Sartono Kartodirdjo, who view history as a reconstruction of past events, influenced by human actions and societal changes.

Takeaways

• 📚 The script discusses the meaning of history, emphasizing the inseparable role of humans in shaping historical events.
• 🌐 The term 'history' has a broad definition that can be explained both etymologically and terminologically.
• 🔍 The general definition of history in the Indonesian language includes ancestry, events that occurred in the past, and knowledge about past events.
• 🌱 Etymologically, the word 'history' comes from the Arabic 'syajaratun', symbolizing the interconnectedness of a tree's life from roots to leaves.
• 📝 In English, 'history' is derived from the Greek 'historia', which also refers to the investigation, collection, and presentation of past events.
• 👤 Different historians have varying perspectives on the definition of history, such as Herodotus viewing it as a circular rather than linear progression.
• 📖 Ibnu Khaldun sees history as a record of human civilization and its transformations, with all their causes and consequences.
• 🕵️‍♂️ Collingwood considers history as an investigation into what humans have done in the past.
• 📜 Leopold von Ranke emphasizes that history should be written as it actually happened, based on verified facts.
• 🏛️ Sartono Kartodirdjo from Indonesia differentiates between objective history, the actual process of events, and subjective history, which is constructed by the historian.
• 🧩 The script concludes that history is a reconstruction of past events based on tested data and conclusions drawn by historians.

Q & A

What is the definition of history according to the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia?

History, as defined in the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, encompasses three aspects: origins and lineage, actual events that happened in the past, and the knowledge or description of those past events.

What does the word 'history' etymologically derive from in the Arabic language?

Etymologically, the word 'history' comes from the Arabic 'syajaratun', which means the life of a tree from root to leaf, symbolizing the interconnectedness of historical events.

What is the English term for 'sejarah' and its origin?

In English, 'sejarah' is translated as 'history', which is derived from the Greek 'historia' or 'Storia'.

According to Herodotus, how does history progress?

Herodotus believed that history does not move in a straight line towards a definite purpose but rather in a circular motion, with the highs and lows of the circle influenced by the human condition.

What is Ibnu Khaldun's view on the role of history?

Ibnu Khaldun viewed history as a record of humanity and its civilization, encompassing the clear process of change with all its causes and consequences.

Collingwood's perspective on history emphasizes what aspect?

Collingwood considered history as an investigation into what humans have done in the past.

What does Leopold von Ranke believe about the writing of history?

Leopold von Ranke believed that history should be written as it actually happened, without distortion.

How does Sartono Kartodirdjo differentiate between objective and subjective history?

Sartono Kartodirdjo differentiates between objective history, which refers to the actual process of historical events, and subjective history, which is a construction by the writer as a narrative or story.

What is the general consensus among historians about the nature of history?

The general consensus among historians is that history is a reconstruction of past events that actually happened, containing all human activities, and is made by historians based on conclusions drawn from tested data.

What is the importance of understanding different definitions of history as presented by various figures?

Understanding different definitions of history helps to appreciate the multifaceted nature of historical study and interpretation, acknowledging various perspectives on how history should be approached and understood.

Why is it crucial not to abandon history as emphasized by Soekarno?

Soekarno emphasized not abandoning history because it provides essential lessons and insights from the past that can guide and inform present and future actions and decisions.