Virtual machines
Summary
TLDRVirtualization technology allows multiple systems, known as Virtual Machines (VMs), to run on the same hardware, optimizing resource utilization. Google Cloud's Compute Engine enables users to create and manage VMs, offering flexibility in configuration and cost-effective options like preemptable and spot VMs. Billing is based on usage, with discounts for sustained use and committed use.
Takeaways
- 💻 Virtualization technology allows multiple systems (Virtual Machines or VMs) to run on the same hardware, optimizing resource utilization.
- 🌐 Google Cloud's Compute Engine is an infrastructure-as-a-service product that enables users to create and manage VMs on Google's infrastructure.
- 💼 There are no upfront investments required for using Compute Engine, making it a flexible and cost-effective solution for running VMs.
- 🚀 Compute Engine supports thousands of virtual CPUs on a system designed for speed and consistent performance.
- 🖥️ Each VM in Compute Engine has the capabilities of a full-fledged operating system, allowing for extensive configuration options.
- 🛠️ VM instances can be created through the Google Cloud Console, Google Cloud CLI, or through infrastructure automation tools like Terraform or the Compute Engine API.
- 🔌 APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) are crucial for enabling communication between different software programs, and they play a significant role in managing VMs.
- ⏱️ Compute Engine bills by the second with a one-minute minimum, and sustained use discounts automatically apply for VMs running over 25% of a month.
- 💰 Committed use discounts are available for users who commit to using resources for one or three years, offering savings over on-demand prices.
- 🏃♂️ Preemptable and spot VMs can significantly reduce costs for workloads that do not require immediate completion, such as batch jobs.
- 🔄 Spot VMs offer more flexibility than preemptable VMs, with no maximum run time, although they can still be terminated if resources are needed elsewhere.
Q & A
What problem did virtualization technology solve for organizations?
-Virtualization technology relieved the pressures of tightly binding specific computing hardware resources to specific applications, allowing multiple systems to run on the same hardware.
What are Virtual Machines (VMs)?
-Virtual Machines (VMs) are systems that share the same pool of processing, storage, and networking resources, enabling organizations to run multiple applications simultaneously on a server efficiently and manageably.
What is Google Cloud's Compute Engine?
-Compute Engine is Google Cloud's infrastructure as a service (IaaS) product that lets users create and run virtual machines on Google's infrastructure without upfront investments, offering fast and consistent performance.
How can a virtual machine be configured?
-A virtual machine can be configured much like a physical server by specifying the amount of CPU power, memory, storage, and the operating system needed.
What tools can be used to create a virtual machine instance on Google Cloud?
-A virtual machine instance can be created through the Google Cloud Console, the Google Cloud CLI command line interface, or using infrastructure automation tools such as Terraform or the Compute Engine API.
How does Compute Engine's billing work for virtual machines?
-Compute Engine bills by the second with a one-minute minimum. Sustained use discounts start to apply automatically to virtual machines that run for more than 25% of a month, and additional discounts are applied for each incremental hour of use.
What are committed use discounts in Compute Engine?
-Committed use discounts offer reduced prices when users commit to using resources for either a one-year or three-year period.
What are preemptable and spot VMs, and how do they differ from regular VMs?
-Preemptable and spot VMs are types of virtual machines that can be terminated by Compute Engine if their resources are needed elsewhere. They offer cost savings but need to ensure jobs can be stopped and restarted without impact. Spot VMs offer more features than preemptable VMs, such as no maximum run time.
What is a key difference between preemptable and spot VMs?
-A key difference is that preemptable VMs can only run for up to 24 hours at a time, whereas spot VMs do not have a maximum run time.
How can users choose the machine properties of their virtual machine instances on Compute Engine?
-Users can choose the machine properties of their instances by selecting from predefined machine types or by creating custom machine types, specifying the number of virtual CPUs, operating system, and amount of memory.
Outlines
🌐 Virtualization and Compute Engine Overview
This paragraph introduces the concept of virtualization, which allows multiple systems (Virtual Machines or VMs) to run on the same hardware, optimizing resource utilization. It explains how VMs enable organizations to run multiple applications efficiently and manageably. Google Cloud's Compute Engine is highlighted as an infrastructure-as-a-service product that lets users create and manage VMs on Google's infrastructure. The paragraph also discusses the flexibility in configuring VMs, similar to physical servers, by specifying CPU power, memory, storage, and operating system. Additionally, it covers the billing model of Compute Engine, which bills by the second with a one-minute minimum and offers sustained use discounts for longer-running VMs. The paragraph concludes by mentioning the availability of preemptable and spot VMs for cost reduction in certain workloads, which can be terminated if resources are needed elsewhere.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Virtualization
💡Virtual Machines (VMs)
💡Compute Engine
💡Resource Optimization
💡Google Cloud Console
💡API (Application Programming Interface)
💡Preemptable VMs
💡Spot VMs
💡Sustained Use Discounts
💡Committed Use Discounts
💡Machine Properties
Highlights
Traditionally, computing hardware resources were tightly bound to specific applications due to technological pressures.
Virtualization technology helps relieve these pressures by allowing multiple systems to run on the same hardware.
Virtual Machines (VMs) are systems that share a pool of processing, storage, and networking resources.
VMs enable efficient and manageable operation of multiple applications on a server.
Google Cloud's Compute Engine is an infrastructure-as-a-service product for creating and running virtual machines.
Compute Engine requires no upfront investments and supports thousands of virtual CPUs.
Each virtual machine in Compute Engine contains the functionality of a full-fledged operating system.
Virtual machine instances can be configured like physical servers with specified CPU power, memory, storage, and operating system.
VM instances can be created through the Google Cloud Console, CLI, or infrastructure automation tools like Terraform.
Compute Engine bills by the second with a one-minute minimum and offers sustained use discounts.
Compute Engine applies a discount for every incremental hour of use.
Committed use discounts are offered for resources used over a one-year or three-year period.
Preemptable and spot VMs can reduce costs by up to 90% for workloads that do not require immediate completion.
Preemptable VMs can be terminated if resources are needed elsewhere, unlike ordinary Compute Engine VMs.
Spot VMs offer more features than preemptable VMs, such as no maximum run time.
Spot VMs and preemptable VMs have the same pricing despite their differences.
Users can choose machine properties of instances in Compute Engine, such as virtual CPUs, operating system, and memory.
Transcripts
Traditionally, various technological pressures
compelled many organizations
to tightly bind specific computing hardware resources
to specific applications.
Virtualization, technology relieved these pressures.
Virtualization is a form of
resource optimization that lets
multiple systems run on the same hardware.
These systems are called Virtual Machines or VMs.
This means that they share the same pool of processing,
storage, and networking resources.
VMs enable organizations to run multiple applications at
the same time on a server in
a way that is efficient and manageable.
Compute engine is Google Cloud's infrastructure
as a service product,
that lets users create and run
virtual machines on Google infrastructure.
There are no upfront investments,
and thousands of virtual CPUs can run on a system
that's designed to be fast
and to offer consistent performance.
Each virtual machine contains the power and
functionality of a full fledged operating system.
This means a virtual machine can be configured much like
a physical server by specifying
the amount of CPU power and memory needed,
the amount and type of storage needed,
and the operating system.
A virtual machine instance can be
created through the Google Cloud Console,
which is a web based tool
to manage Google Cloud projects,
resources and Google Cloud CLI command line interface by
using infrastructure automation tools such
as Terraform or the Compute Engine API.
An API or application programming interface,
is a set of instructions that allows
different software programs to
communicate with each other.
We'll learn about API's in
more detail later in this course.
When you use virtual machines,
compute engine bills by the second with
a one minute minimum and sustained use discounts
start to apply automatically to
virtual machines the longer they run,
for each VM that runs for more than 25% of a month.
Compute engine automatically applies
a discount for every incremental hour of use.
Compute engine also offers committed use discounts.
This means that when committing to use
resources for either a one year or three year period,
discounts are offered over
the on demand prices
and then there are preemptable and spot VMs.
Let's say that a workload doesn't require
a human to sit and wait for it to finish,
such as a batch job analyzing a large dataset.
Costs can be reduced in some cases by
up to 90% by choosing
preemptable or spot VMs to run the job.
A preemptable or spot VM is different from
an ordinary compute engine VM in only one respect.
Compute engine has permission to terminate
a VM if its resources are needed elsewhere.
Although savings are possible
with preemptable or spot VMs,
it needs to be ensured that a job can be
stopped and restarted without impact.
Spot VMs differ from
preemptible VMs by offering more features.
For example, preemptable VMs can
only run for up to 24 hours at a time,
but spot VMs don't have a maximum run time.
However, the pricing is currently the same for both.
Finally, Compute Engine lets users
choose the machine properties of their instances,
like the number of virtual CPUs,
the operating system, and the amount of
memory by using a set of predefined machine types,
or by creating custom machine types.
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