TSS TDS

Summary

This video script details a laboratory practical on environmental chemistry, focusing on the determination of total solids (TS) and total suspended solids (TSS) in water samples. The process involves preparing filters, using an oven for drying, and weighing samples to calculate the solid content. Key methods like gravimetric analysis and the use of vacuum filtration systems are discussed. The script outlines the steps, from sample preparation to the calculation of results, including the specific equipment and tools required for the procedure, all aimed at assessing water quality in accordance with regulatory standards.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script introduces a practical session on testing Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in a chemical laboratory.
• 😀 TSS refers to solids in a solution that are larger than 1 micrometer and are not dissolved in the liquid.
• 😀 TDS refers to solids smaller than 1 mm in size and are usually dissolved in the solution.
• 😀 The method used for testing is the gravimetric analysis method, which involves heating samples to leave residue for weighing.
• 😀 For TSS, the sample is filtered, dried, and weighed to obtain the residue on a filter paper.
• 😀 TDS testing involves filtering the sample through a filter and then drying the filtrate to measure the dissolved solids.
• 😀 Key equipment used includes an analytical balance, desiccator, oven, vacuum system, filter paper, and various glassware.
• 😀 The script provides a detailed guide on operating an oven and analytical balance for precise measurements.
• 😀 Calculations for TSS and TDS involve converting the weight of solids into milligrams per liter using formulas provided in the script.
• 😀 The script provides the procedure for handling and preparing the sample, including measuring, drying, and weighing steps.
• 😀 The results of the analysis are then classified according to water quality standards, with TSS being classified in Class 3 and TDS in Class 1 according to Indonesian regulations.

Q & A

What is the definition of total suspended solids (TSS) in environmental chemistry?

TSS refers to solid particles present in a solution that do not dissolve, with particle sizes larger than 1 micrometer.

How is total dissolved solids (TDS) different from TSS?

TDS consists of solid particles smaller than 1 millimeter that are dissolved in a liquid, while TSS refers to larger, suspended particles that do not dissolve.

What is the basic principle behind the TSS and TDS testing method?

The method involves filtering a sample, drying the residue left on the filter, and then weighing it to determine the amount of solids, either suspended (TSS) or dissolved (TDS).

What is the role of the vacuum flash in this experiment?

The vacuum flash collects the filtrate (the liquid passing through the filter) after TSS testing, which is then dried and weighed to determine TDS.

What equipment is used in the procedure for testing TSS and TDS?

The procedure uses a variety of equipment, including a filter paper, desiccator, vacuum system, evaporating dish, analytical balance, oven, and a timer.

How is the oven used in the TSS and TDS testing procedure?

The oven is used to dry the filter paper and the residue (for TSS) or the filtrate (for TDS) at a controlled temperature, typically at 105°C for TSS and 180°C for TDS, for an hour each.

What is the role of the analytical balance in this procedure?

The analytical balance is used to weigh the filter paper, the residue, and the evaporating dish accurately before and after drying to determine the weight of the solids.

What is the method for calculating the amount of suspended solids (TSS)?

The amount of TSS is calculated by subtracting the weight of the empty filter from the weight of the filter with the dried residue, then converting the result to mg/L.

How is the sample prepared before testing for TSS?

The sample is first filtered to remove contaminants, and the filter paper is pre-conditioned in a vacuum system before being dried in an oven for accurate measurement.

What is the formula for calculating TSS concentration?

The formula is (A - B) * 1000, where A is the weight of the filter paper plus dried residue, and B is the weight of the empty filter, with the result expressed in mg/L.