Mekanika Statis Tentu: Jenis Tumpuan

Summary

This educational script delves into the types of supports used in building structures. It explains the role of supports in stabilizing and strengthening structures, detailing reactions such as vertical and horizontal forces. The video introduces three main types of supports: fixed, pin, and roller supports, each with unique characteristics. Examples include supports found in bridges, flyovers, roof portals, and steel columns. Through illustrations, the script clarifies how these supports prevent movement, rotation, and shifting, ensuring the integrity of the structure.

Takeaways

• 😀 Types of supports in civil engineering include fixed support (tumpuan jepit), pin support (tumpuan sendi), and roller support (tumpuan roll).
• 😀 A support (tumpuan) is essential in building structures as it helps to hold loads and forces, providing strength and stability.
• 😀 Fixed supports (tumpuan jepit) prevent both vertical and horizontal translation and also resist rotation, creating reactions like vertical force, horizontal force, and moment.
• 😀 Pin supports (tumpuan sendi) prevent vertical and horizontal translation but allow rotation, meaning they create vertical and horizontal reactions without moments.
• 😀 Roller supports (tumpuan roll) allow horizontal translation but prevent vertical translation, also permitting rotation, and only create vertical reactions.
• 😀 In bridges, supports can be seen at the ends or bases of the structure, such as the abutment for a bridge, where the support prevents vertical and horizontal movement.
• 😀 The example of a flyover structure shows how support is located at the transition between beams and columns, highlighted by the cursor.
• 😀 A portal roof structure has supports at the transition between the roof beam and columns, where forces and reactions are significant.
• 😀 In steel portal frames and multi-story buildings, supports are located at the bottom and top of columns and beams, allowing forces to be managed through these connections.
• 😀 Real-world examples of pin supports include the connections between wood or steel frames using bolts, which allow for translation and rotation without creating moments.

Q & A

What is the role of supports in structural elements?

Supports, also referred to as tumpuan, play a crucial role in holding and transferring internal forces within a structure. They provide strength and stability, preventing displacement and ensuring the integrity of the structure under various loads.

What are the types of reactions generated by supports?

Supports typically generate vertical reactions (symbolized as 'V'), horizontal reactions (symbolized as 'H'), and moments (symbolized as 'M'), depending on the type of support and the forces acting on the structure.

Where are supports commonly located in structural systems?

Supports are usually found at the ends and bases of structural elements, such as beams, columns, and bridges. They are positioned to anchor the structure and prevent undesired motion.

What type of support is used in bridges and what does it typically rest on?

In bridges, supports are typically found at the ends and are often placed on abutments, providing a stable foundation for the structure.

What are the characteristics of a fixed support (tumpuan jepit)?

A fixed support can resist vertical and horizontal translations and can also resist rotation. It generates vertical and horizontal reactions as well as a moment due to these resistances.

Can you give examples of where a fixed support is used?

Examples of fixed supports include bolt connections between beams and concrete structures, base plate connections in steel columns, and connections in reinforced concrete portals, where translation and rotation are prevented.

What is the difference between a fixed support and a pin support?

A fixed support resists both translation and rotation, generating vertical and horizontal reactions and a moment. In contrast, a pin support only resists translation and rotation, generating vertical and horizontal reactions without moments.

What are the main characteristics of a pin support (tumpuan sendi)?

Pin supports can resist vertical and horizontal translations but allow rotation. Due to the rotation, pin supports do not generate moments, only vertical and horizontal reactions.

Where is a pin support commonly found?

Pin supports are commonly found in bridge trusses and structural frames, where they act as hinges, allowing for rotation while resisting vertical and horizontal translations.

What is the behavior of a roller support (tumpuan roll)?

Roller supports can resist vertical translation, allow horizontal translation, and can rotate. They do not generate horizontal reactions or moments, only vertical reactions.