Perjalanan Pemilu di Era Reformasi

Summary

The history of Indonesia's legislative elections since the reform era shows a dynamic shift in political party dominance. Following the fall of the New Order, Indonesia experienced a surge in political participation, with multiple parties competing for seats. While the ruling parties like Golkar and PDIP initially dominated, no party has consistently won consecutive elections. Notably, parties such as PKB, Demokrat, Gerindra, and NasDem emerged as new influential forces over the years. Despite high expectations, the challenge of maintaining electoral success, especially with executive-legislative overlap, remains evident.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia's legislative elections have seen a constant shift in political party dominance since the reform era.
• 😀 No political party in Indonesia has won two consecutive legislative elections since the reform era began.
• 😀 The 1999 legislative election marked the start of the reform era, with 48 parties competing for 462 seats in the DPR RI.
• 😀 In the 1999 election, PDIP emerged as the winner with 33.74% of the vote, followed by Golkar with 22.44% and P3 with 12.55%.
• 😀 Despite PDIP's success in 1999, it lost its dominant position in the 2004 election, with Golkar emerging as the winner.
• 😀 The 2004 legislative election saw Golkar win with 21.58% of the vote, while PDIP secured second place with 18.53%.
• 😀 The same pattern repeated in 2009, where despite Golkar's leadership in 2004, PDIP and other parties failed to retain their winning status.
• 😀 In 2009, Partai Demokrat won the election with 20.85%, followed by Golkar with 14.45% and PDIP with 14.03%.
• 😀 In the 2014 election, PDIP regained the top spot, winning 18.95% of the vote, followed by Golkar and Gerindra.
• 😀 The Democratic Party, which had won the 2004 legislative election, failed to even secure a top-three position in 2014, coming in fourth place.
• 😀 New political parties have continued to emerge and succeed in Indonesia's legislative elections, with PKB, Demokrat, Gerindra, and Nasdem all gaining significant traction in their respective first elections.

Q & A

What significant change occurred in Indonesia's political landscape after the fall of the New Order regime?

After the fall of the New Order regime, Indonesia opened up to a more democratic political system, with multiple political parties participating in elections, which led to an increase in political participation compared to the tightly controlled elections under the New Order.

How many political parties participated in Indonesia's first post-reform election in 1999?

In Indonesia's first post-reform election in 1999, 48 political parties participated, competing for 462 seats in the People's Representative Council (DPR RI).

Which political party emerged as the winner of the 1999 legislative election in Indonesia?

The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDIP) emerged as the winner of the 1999 legislative election, securing 33.74% of the national vote.

How did the 1999 legislative election results differ from the New Order era?

In the 1999 legislative election, PDIP defeated Golkar, a party that had been dominant under the New Order. This was a major shift from the previous era, where Golkar consistently won the elections.

What happened to PDIP in the 2004 legislative election after winning in 1999?

In the 2004 legislative election, PDIP, despite its victory in 1999, failed to retain the top position. Golkar won the election with 21.58% of the votes, while PDIP came second with 18.53%.

What role did Megawati Soekarnoputri play during PDIP's loss in the 2004 election?

Megawati Soekarnoputri, the leader of PDIP, was serving as the president of Indonesia at the time of the 2004 legislative election, and PDIP's loss in this election was notable because of her leadership during that period.

Which party won the 2009 legislative election in Indonesia?

The Democratic Party, led by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, won the 2009 legislative election, securing 20.85% of the national vote.

What significant trend emerged in Indonesia's legislative elections from 1999 to 2014?

A significant trend in Indonesia's legislative elections from 1999 to 2014 was the failure of winning parties to maintain their dominance in subsequent elections. Each election saw a change in the leading party, such as Golkar losing to PDIP, and PDIP losing to the Democratic Party in 2004.

How did the Democratic Party perform in the 2014 legislative election?

In the 2014 legislative election, the Democratic Party, despite winning in 2009, failed to maintain its position and placed fourth with only 10.9% of the vote.

What party emerged victorious in the 2014 legislative election, and what was the result?

PDIP emerged victorious in the 2014 legislative election with 18.95% of the vote, followed by Golkar with 14.75% and Gerindra with 11.81%.

What does the shift in party dominance in Indonesia's elections suggest about the political system?

The shifts in party dominance suggest a dynamic and competitive political environment where no single party has been able to maintain its position as the dominant force in consecutive elections, reflecting the changing political landscape and voter preferences.

How did new political parties fare in Indonesia's legislative elections post-reform?

New political parties have made a significant impact in post-reform elections. For instance, PKB, the Democratic Party, Gerindra, and Nasdem Party all emerged as strong players in their respective first elections, securing a foothold in the national parliament.