35 Important Emergency Medicines Uses, Dose & Route of Administration

Summary

In this video, Dennis discusses 35 essential crash-cut emergency injections, their dosages, routes of administration, and primary uses. The video covers a wide range of life-saving medications, including adrenaline for severe allergic reactions, dopamine for shock, atropine for bradycardia, and various others like magnesium sulfate, oxytocin, and naloxone. Each medication is explained with its respective emergency use, from cardiac arrest and respiratory issues to controlling bleeding and seizures. The presentation provides vital information for healthcare professionals and those interested in emergency medicine.

Takeaways

• 😀 Adrenaline (Epinephrine) is commonly used for severe allergic reactions, cardiac arrest, and bradycardia. It is administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously with a dose of 0.1 to 1 milligram.
• 😀 Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine) is used for hypertension and shock, administered via IV infusion at a dose of 8 to 12 micrograms per minute.
• 😀 Dopamine is used for cardiogenic shock and hypertension, administered through IV infusion at a dose of 2 to 20 micrograms per kilogram per minute.
• 😀 Atropine, commonly used for bradycardia and cardiac arrest, is given intravenously at a dose of 0.5 to 1 milligram.
• 😀 Potassium chloride is used for hypokalemia with a dose of 40 to 80 milliequivalents, administered slowly via IV infusion to avoid fatal arrhythmias.
• 😀 Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic used for fluid overload and hypertension, given via IV or IM injection at a dose of 20 to 80 milligrams.
• 😀 Diazepam (Valium) is used for seizures, anxiety, and alcohol detoxification, administered intravenously at a dose of 2 to 10 milligrams.
• 😀 Hydrocortisone, a corticosteroid, is used for severe allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, and inflammation, administered via IV infusion at a dose of 100 to 200 milligrams.
• 😀 Magnesium sulfate is used in eclampsia, preeclampsia, and torsades de pointes, administered slowly via IV infusion at 1 to 2 grams.
• 😀 Naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose and respiratory depression, administered via IV, IM, subcutaneous, or nasal spray at doses ranging from 0.4 to 2 milligrams.

Q & A

What is the primary route of administration for adrenaline?

Adrenaline can be administered through intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC) routes. The specific route depends on the emergency situation.

What are the common uses for adrenaline injections?

Adrenaline injections are commonly used for severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), cardiac arrest, and bradycardia.

How is noradrenaline administered and for what conditions?

Noradrenaline is administered as an IV infusion, typically at a rate of 8 to 12 micrograms per minute, and is used to treat conditions like hypertension and shock.

What is the dose range for dopamine and its primary uses?

Dopamine is administered at a dose of 2 to 20 micrograms per kilogram per minute, primarily for hypertension and shock, especially due to cardiogenic causes.

What is atropine commonly used for and how is it administered?

Atropine is used to treat bradycardia and cardiac arrest. It is typically administered intravenously (IV) at doses of 0.5 to 1 milligram.

What are the indications for using potassium chloride injections?

Potassium chloride injections are used to treat hypokalemia and must be administered slowly via IV to avoid dangerous cardiac arrhythmias.

What are the primary uses of furosemide (Lasix) injections?

Furosemide is used to treat fluid overload and hypertension, functioning as a diuretic to reduce excess fluid and lower blood pressure.

How is diazepam administered and what are its uses?

Diazepam is administered as a slow IV injection, typically in doses of 2 to 10 milligrams. It is used for seizures, anxiety, and alcohol detoxification.

What is the purpose of hydrocortisone injections and how is it given?

Hydrocortisone, a corticosteroid, is used for severe allergic reactions, inflammation, and asthma. It is usually administered intravenously (IV) in doses ranging from 100 to 200 milligrams.

What is the role of magnesium sulfate injections in emergencies?

Magnesium sulfate is administered via slow IV infusion to treat conditions such as eclampsia, preeclampsia, and cardiac arrhythmias, with doses ranging from 1 to 2 grams.