Unit 2 A | Past modals and phrasal modals of obligation | Passages 1

Summary

In this lesson, Teacher Mario introduces the topic of past modals and phrasal modals of obligation, explaining the difference between mandatory and optional actions. He discusses key expressions like 'be supposed to', 'had to', 'should have', 'needed to', and 'didn't have to', providing relatable examples for each. The lesson emphasizes the use of these modals to describe expectations and choices in the past, encouraging viewers to practice and engage with the material. Viewers are invited to ask questions and subscribe for more educational content.

Takeaways

• 😀 Check out @abcenglish.tv on Instagram for grammar tips and quizzes.
• 📚 Today's lesson focuses on past modals and phrasal modals of obligation.
• 🔑 There are two categories of modals: Mandatory (required) and Optional (left to choice).
• ❗ Mandatory actions must be done due to rules or laws.
• ✅ Optional actions are not required and depend on individual choice.
• 📅 'Be supposed to' indicates a general expectation of an action.
• 🔒 'Had to' shows that there was no choice in performing the action.
• 💡 'Should have' reflects a good idea that was not acted upon.
• 📝 'Needed to' implies necessity, but with a choice available.
• 🚫 'Didn’t have to' denotes complete freedom regarding the action.

Q & A

What is the main focus of this lesson?

The lesson focuses on past modals and phrasal modals of obligation, specifically their usage and meaning.

What does 'be supposed to' indicate?

'Be supposed to' indicates a general expectation that an action was required or prohibited.

Can you provide an example of 'had to' in a sentence?

An example of 'had to' is: 'My parents had to sell our beach house,' indicating a lack of choice due to circumstances.

What is the difference between mandatory and optional obligations?

Mandatory obligations must be done due to rules or laws, while optional obligations are left to one's choice and are not required.

How is 'should have' used in a sentence?

'Should have' is used to express a good idea or correct action that was not taken, such as 'I should have gone to bed earlier.'

What does 'needed to' imply about an action?

'Needed to' implies that the action was considered necessary, but unlike 'had to,' it allows for a choice about performing the action.

What does 'didn't have to' mean?

'Didn't have to' indicates that there was no obligation to perform the action, allowing for complete choice.

What are some phrases that categorize obligations in this lesson?

The lesson categorizes obligations using phrases such as 'be supposed to,' 'had to,' 'should have,' 'needed to,' and 'didn't have to.'

How can one practice the expressions taught in this lesson?

Students are encouraged to practice the expressions and to ask questions in the comments if they encounter any problems or have doubts.

What should viewers do to stay updated with future lessons?

Viewers should subscribe and hit the notification bell to ensure they don't miss future lessons.