Electro Pneumatics Prac - Exercise 3

Summary

This tutorial demonstrates the operation of an electropneumatic circuit used to control a double-acting cylinder, which pushes parts onto a conveyor track via a diverting device. The circuit involves a push-button start/stop system, relays, limit switches, and a solenoid valve to automate the oscillation of the cylinder. Using a combination of pneumatic and electrical components, the system automatically switches between forward and reverse motions based on sensor feedback. The video walks through the setup and wiring of components like the solenoid valve, optical sensors, and relays, ensuring the cylinder moves correctly as per the sequence.

Takeaways

• 😀 The demonstration covers a circuit that uses a diverting device to transfer parts from one conveyor track to another.
• 🔄 A push button activates a double-acting cylinder that oscillates to move the turntable in a linear sequence.
• 🔌 The circuit requires a 5/2-way valve controlled by a double solenoid, not a spring return, for pneumatic operation.
• 🛠️ Three wire switches are used in the circuit, operating on a 24-volt system, with a signal connection for activation.
• 🔍 An optical sensor detects the position of the cylinder by shining a light beam, which reflects back to indicate proximity.
• ⚡ The first part of the circuit involves connecting the start and stop push buttons, where the stop button is a normally closed switch.
• 🔄 A latching circuit allows the start button to stay activated without needing to hold it continuously.
• 📈 The second relay (K2) activates the solenoid controlling the valve, directing air to the cylinder.
• 🔒 The third relay (K3) operates based on signals from limit switches, enabling further automation of the cylinder's motion.
• ✅ The entire circuit operates effectively, allowing the cylinder to oscillate continuously until the stop button is pressed.

Q & A

What is the primary function of the electropneumatics system demonstrated?

The system's primary function is to divert parts from one conveyor track to another using a double-acting cylinder, which is activated by push button switches.

How does the cylinder oscillate in the system?

The cylinder oscillates back and forth continuously when activated by a push button. It can be stopped by pressing another push button, which deactivates the system.

What components are necessary for the pneumatic circuit?

The necessary components include a double-acting cylinder and a double solenoid 5/2-way valve to control the airflow.

What role do the optical sensors play in the circuit?

Optical sensors detect the positioning of the cylinder by reflecting a light beam. When the light beam is interrupted, it sends a signal to control the operation of the circuit.

What is the function of the K1 relay in the circuit?

The K1 relay is activated by the start button and maintains the circuit's power even after the button is released, allowing the system to run continuously.

How is the stop button wired into the circuit?

The stop button is wired as a normally closed switch, breaking the circuit when pressed to stop the system from running.

What happens when the optical sensor is activated?

When the optical sensor detects a part by the reflection of its light beam, it sends a signal to the K2 relay, which then controls the solenoid of the valve to move the cylinder.

How does the K2 relay influence the operation of the cylinder?

The K2 relay controls the solenoid of the 5/2-way valve, directing air to the cylinder to either push it forward or retract it based on the sensor's signals.

What is the significance of the three-wire switches used in this circuit?

Three-wire switches are significant as they allow for the use of a signal wire alongside power and ground, enabling better control and feedback in the circuit.

What does pressing the start button do in the electropneumatics system?

Pressing the start button energizes the K1 relay, allowing the system to operate continuously until the stop button is pressed, which breaks the circuit.