Les bons gestes en maçonnerie - Semelles Filantes

Summary

This video provides a step-by-step guide to building filante footings for foundations. It covers the essential tools and materials required, including safety gear such as gloves, helmets, and goggles. The process starts with verifying the layout, digging the trench to a suitable depth, and ensuring a clean surface before pouring a 4 cm concrete base. Next, armatures are positioned and secured, ensuring proper alignment and support. The final step involves pouring the concrete, vibrating it for compaction, and adjusting to the correct height. The guide concludes with essential tips for a successful footing installation.

Takeaways

• 😀 Ensure safety on site with proper gear: gloves, helmet, goggles, ear protection, and safety shoes.
• 😀 Step 1: Verify that the alignment chairs are in place before laying out the foundation outline.
• 😀 Step 2: Use a plumb line to trace the foundation layout and ensure accuracy.
• 😀 Step 3: Excavate the trench to a depth that reaches solid ground and is below the frost line to prevent damage from freezing.
• 😀 Step 4: Clean the excavation area and remove any loose soil for a stable foundation base.
• 😀 Step 5: Pour a minimum of 4 cm of clean concrete for the base layer (concrete slab).
• 😀 Step 6: Position the reinforcement (rebar) on the concrete slab, making sure it is raised off the ground using spacers.
• 😀 Step 7: Secure the reinforcement by tying the rebars together to ensure they stay in place during pouring.
• 😀 Step 8: Check that the layout and height of the reinforcement match the construction plans, using laser tools to adjust if necessary.
• 😀 Step 9: Ensure provisions for electrical and plumbing installations are included in the reinforcement layout, as specified in the project plan.
• 😀 Step 10: Pour the concrete carefully into the excavation, using a vibrator to ensure the concrete is compacted and evenly distributed.

Q & A

What tools are required for laying semelles filantes?

The required tools include a plumb line, mechanical shovel, rake, shears, vibrating needle, rebar, rebar tying wire, concrete spacers, and safety gear such as gloves, helmet, ear protection, and safety boots.

What is the first step in laying semelles filantes?

The first step is to mark the layout by verifying that the placement chairs have not been moved. A cord is stretched between the layout points to establish the axis of the footings, and a plumb line is used to ensure accurate tracing of the foundation.

Why is it important to clean the trench bottom before pouring concrete?

Cleaning the trench bottom ensures a clean surface for the foundation, removing loose soil and debris to help the concrete bond properly, providing a stable base for the structure.

What is the purpose of pouring a 4 cm layer of concrete in the trench?

The 4 cm layer of concrete, referred to as béton de propreté, acts as a clean and stable base for the reinforcement bars, preventing direct contact with soil and ensuring the proper setting of the foundation.

How should reinforcement bars be positioned in the trench?

Reinforcement bars should be positioned above the concrete base using spacers, ensuring that the bars do not touch the concrete. The reinforcement must then be secured with ties to prevent any movement during the concrete pour.

What precautions should be taken when using a vibrating needle during concrete pouring?

The vibrating needle should be used to ensure even distribution and compaction of the concrete. It’s important not to stay too long in one spot to prevent segregation of the concrete.

What are 'attentes' in the context of laying semelles filantes?

'Attentes' refer to anchor points or extensions that are inserted into the concrete following the structural plan. These are used for future construction connections or load-bearing elements.

What should be done after the concrete has been poured into the trench?

Once the concrete is poured, it should be leveled to the correct height and smoothed out. Afterward, any necessary anchor points or 'attentes' should be inserted according to the structural plan.

Why is it essential to check the safety gear before starting the work?

Safety gear such as gloves, a helmet, ear protection, and safety boots is essential to protect workers from potential hazards such as falling objects, concrete splashes, and noise, ensuring a safe working environment.

How can the height of the semelles filantes be accurately measured during the process?

The height of the semelles filantes is measured using a laser level, which helps accurately mark the finished height of the footing and ensures the correct placement of reinforcement bars.