Overview Of Computers and Programming Languages revised

Gecilie Almiranez
16 Oct 202223:21

Summary

TLDRIn this informative presentation, Associate Professor Jessie Almeranes provides an overview of computers and programming languages. Key points include the definition of a computer, generations of computers, elements of a computer system, computer languages, the evolution of programming languages, and object-oriented programming. The talk emphasizes the importance of requirements before coding and highlights the top programming languages of 2022. It concludes with the process of developing a high-level language program, from analysis to implementation, and the distinction between structured and object-oriented programming.

Takeaways

  • 💻 A computer is a high-speed electronic device that processes data into meaningful information.
  • 📈 The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes and lasted from 1940 to 1956.
  • 🔬 The second generation of computers introduced transistors and spanned from 1956 to 1963.
  • 🏭 The third generation featured integrated circuits and lasted from 1964 to 1971.
  • 💡 The fourth generation, from 1971 to 2010, saw the development of microprocessors.
  • 🤖 The fifth generation, from 2010 to present, is characterized by artificial intelligence and natural language processing.
  • 🔮 The sixth generation of computers is anticipated to involve quantum computing and nanotechnology.
  • 🛠️ Hardware includes the central processing unit, input/output devices, and memory, while software is divided into application and system software.
  • 🔢 The language of computers is binary, with zeros and ones representing data.
  • 📊 Programming languages have evolved from machine language to high-level languages like Python, C, and Java.
  • 🔄 The process of developing a high-level language program involves analysis, coding, compiling, linking, and execution.

Q & A

  • What is the main purpose of programming according to the script?

    -Programming is the art of adding bugs to an empty text file, which highlights the need for requirements before starting a program to ensure it functions as intended.

  • What are the two key terms defined in the script's explanation of what a computer is?

    -The two key terms are 'data', which refers to raw facts such as letters, numbers, and special characters, and 'information', which refers to processed data that has meaning.

  • What are the five generations of computers mentioned in the presentation?

    -The five generations are: 1) First generation (1940-1956) - vacuum tubes, 2) Second generation (1956-1963) - transistors, 3) Third generation (1964-1971) - integrated circuits, 4) Fourth generation (1971-2010) - microprocessors, 5) Fifth generation (2010-present) - artificial intelligence.

  • What are the two main types of memory in a computer system?

    -The two main types of memory are Random Access Memory (RAM), which is used for executing programs, and Read-Only Memory (ROM), which stores essential system information permanently.

  • What does the ASCII table represent and how is it used?

    -The ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) table represents characters using a 7-bit code where each bit corresponds to a unique character. It is used to store text data in binary form.

  • How do high-level languages get translated into machine language?

    -High-level languages are translated into machine language by a compiler, which converts the source code into an object code that the computer can execute.

  • What is the difference between structured programming and object-oriented programming?

    -Structured programming focuses on algorithms and uses functions to process data, while object-oriented programming (OOP) organizes data and functions into objects, promoting code reuse and modularity.

  • What is the role of a linker in the compilation process?

    -The linker combines common library routines with object code to create an executable file that can be run on a computer.

  • What are the steps involved in processing a high-level language program?

    -The steps include: 1) Create the source program using an editor, 2) Compile the source code using a compiler, 3) Link the object code with libraries, 4) Load the executable into memory, and 5) Execute the program.

  • What programming languages are considered top languages in 2022 according to the presentation?

    -The top programming languages in 2022 are Python, C, C++, C#, Java, SQL, JavaScript, HTML, and TypeScript.

Outlines

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Keywords

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Highlights

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Transcripts

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Ähnliche Tags
Computer ScienceProgrammingHistory of ComputersEvolution of TechMachine LanguageHigh-Level LanguagesObject-OrientedStructured ProgrammingCoding AnalysisTech Education
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