Readings in Philippine History - Analysis on the Proclamation of the Philippine Independence

Summary

In this video, Sergeant Michael and Tony delve into the significance of the Philippine Declaration of Independence. They discuss the reasons behind the revolution against Spain, the abuses by Spanish friars, and the establishment of Aguinaldo's dictatorship. The video also explores the symbolism of the Philippine flag, including the colors and the sun's rays, and how they relate to the country's history. The hosts encourage viewers to critically examine historical documents for hidden truths and biases.

Takeaways

• 📜 The video discusses the Proclamation of Philippine Independence and its significance in Philippine history.
• 🏳️‍🌈 The document reveals the reasons behind the Philippine revolution against Spain, including abuses by Spanish authorities and friars.
• 🎖️ It details the war of independence and the kind of government established by Emilio Aguinaldo during the time of independence.
• 🌟 The video highlights the document's explanation of the Philippine flag's colors and symbols, including the sun, stars, and the white triangle representing the Katipunan.
• 🗓️ The Proclamation was made on June 12, 1898, in the town of Cavite Viejo, and was part of Aguinaldo's dictatorial government.
• 👥 Aguinaldo is noted as the first dictator of the Philippines, not Ferdinand Marcos.
• 🤝 The colors of the Philippine flag were chosen to commemorate the flag of the United States, acknowledging American help in gaining independence from Spain.
• 💵 The Philippines was sold by Spain to the United States for 20 million US dollars in the Treaty of Paris.
• ✍️ The video script points out historical truths that are often overlooked, such as the agrarian nature of the revolution and the founding of the Katipunan by Andres Bonifacio.
• 📚 It emphasizes the importance of critically analyzing historical documents for political biases and the perspectives of those in power.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video script?

The main focus of the video script is to analyze the Proclamation of Philippine Independence, discussing its content, significance, and the historical context behind it.

Why is the Proclamation of Philippine Independence significant?

The Proclamation of Philippine Independence is significant because it reveals the reasons behind the Philippine revolution against Spain, the type of government established by Emilio Aguinaldo, and the symbolism behind the Philippine flag.

What were the main reasons for the Philippine revolution against Spain?

The main reasons for the revolution included abuses by Spanish civil guards, the friars' abuse of authority, and the inequalities and injustices experienced by early Filipinos during Spanish occupation.

How long did Spain occupy the Philippines?

Spain occupied the Philippines for 333 years.

What type of government did Emilio Aguinaldo establish after proclaiming Philippine independence?

Emilio Aguinaldo established a dictatorship style of government after proclaiming Philippine independence.

What does the white triangle in the Philippine flag represent?

The white triangle in the Philippine flag represents the emblem or symbol of the Katipunan society.

What do the three stars on the Philippine flag symbolize?

The three stars on the Philippine flag symbolize the three major islands where the revolution started: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.

What does the sun on the Philippine flag represent?

The sun on the Philippine flag represents the progress and civilization achieved by the Filipino people, with the eight rays symbolizing the eight provinces that were in a state of war during the revolution.

Why do the colors of the Philippine flag commemorate the flag of the United States?

The colors of the Philippine flag commemorate the flag of the United States because the Americans helped the Filipinos gain freedom from the Spanish, and the Filipinos were grateful for this assistance.

What was the role of the Katipunan in the Philippine revolution?

The Katipunan was the beginning of the Philippine revolution, led by Andres Bonifacio, and was instrumental in uniting the Filipino people against Spanish rule.

What is the implication of the statement 'history is written by the victors' in the context of the script?

The statement implies that the Proclamation of Philippine Independence, like many historical documents, may contain political biases and may not fully represent the contributions of all key figures, such as those of Andres Bonifacio.

Outlines

00:00

📜 Proclamation of Philippine Independence

The video discusses the significance of the Proclamation of Philippine Independence, highlighting its importance in Philippine history. It reveals the reasons behind the revolution against Spain, including abuses by Spanish authorities and the execution of key figures like Dr. Rizal. It also discusses the type of government established by Emilio Aguinaldo during the period of independence, which was a dictatorial style. The document is analyzed for its historical context and the implications it had on the formation of the Philippine nation.

05:01

🏳️‍🌈 The Philippine Flag and its Symbolism

This section delves into the historical truths revealed by the Proclamation of Philippine Independence, particularly focusing on the symbolism of the Philippine flag. The flag's colors are explained in relation to the Katipunan society and the revolution's origins in the major islands. The sun and the eight rays symbolize progress and the provinces that declared war during the revolution. The video also touches on the flag's connection to the American flag, reflecting the gratitude of the new government towards the United States for their assistance in gaining independence from Spain.

10:05

🌾 The Agrarian Roots of the Philippine Revolution

The final paragraph explores overlooked historical truths in the document, such as the agrarian nature of the Philippine revolution and the foundational role of the Katipunan. It emphasizes the contributions of Andres Bonifacio and the Katipuneros in the revolution. The video concludes with a call for historians and students to critically analyze documents for political biases and to understand the context and perspectives they present, as history is often written by the victors.

Keywords

💡Proclamation of Philippine Independence

The Proclamation of Philippine Independence refers to the document that declared the independence of the Philippines from Spanish rule on June 12, 1898. This document is central to the video's theme as it symbolizes the birth of the nation's sovereignty and the beginning of a new era for the Filipino people. The video discusses the contents of this document, emphasizing its historical significance and the reasons behind the Philippine revolution against Spain.

💡Philippine Revolution

The Philippine Revolution was a conflict that took place from 1896 to 1898, where Filipino revolutionaries sought to end Spanish colonial rule. The video highlights the revolution as a major theme, explaining the reasons behind it, such as the abuses by Spanish authorities and the desire for self-governance. The revolution is directly linked to the Proclamation of Independence, as it led to the creation of the document.

💡Emilio Aguinaldo

Emilio Aguinaldo was a key figure in the Philippine Revolution and the first President of the Philippines. In the video, Aguinaldo is mentioned as the one who declared a dictatorship-style government upon the Proclamation of Independence. His role is crucial as he represents the leadership that steered the country towards independence and attempted to establish a new form of governance.

💡Katipunan

The Katipunan was a secret society organized by Filipino nationalists in 1892, which played a significant role in the revolution against Spain. The video touches upon the Katipunan as the initiator of the revolution, highlighting its importance in rallying the masses and leading the fight for independence. The white triangle in the Philippine flag represents the Katipunan, symbolizing the society's role in the country's history.

💡Spanish Friars

Spanish Friars were religious figures who, according to the video, abused their authority and contributed to the subjugation of Filipinos during the Spanish colonial period. The friars are mentioned as one of the reasons for the revolution, illustrating the injustices and inequalities experienced by the early Filipinos.

💡Philippine Flag

The Philippine Flag is a symbol of the country's sovereignty and independence. The video provides an explanation of the flag's colors and symbols, such as the sun, stars, and the white triangle. The flag's design is directly linked to the Proclamation of Independence and represents the ideals and aspirations of the Filipino people.

💡Agrarian Revolt

An Agrarian Revolt refers to a peasant uprising against feudal land ownership and control. The video mentions that the Philippine Revolution had an agrarian nature, indicating that it was driven by the common people, particularly farmers, who were seeking to overthrow the oppressive Spanish regime and gain control over their land.

💡Andres Bonifacio

Andres Bonifacio was a Filipino revolutionary leader and a founding father of the Katipunan. Although not directly mentioned by name in the video, his contributions to the revolution are alluded to as the foundation of the movement. Bonifacio's leadership was instrumental in mobilizing the masses and initiating the fight for independence.

💡Treaty of Paris

The Treaty of Paris refers to the agreement signed in 1898 that ended the Spanish-American War and transferred sovereignty of the Philippines from Spain to the United States. The video briefly mentions this treaty in the context of the Philippines being 'sold' to the Americans for 20 million US dollars, marking the end of Spanish rule but the beginning of a new period of foreign control.

💡Historical Bias

Historical Bias refers to the tendency to favor one side or perspective when recounting historical events. The video discusses how the Proclamation of Independence and the subsequent historical narratives may have been influenced by the political biases of those in power, potentially overlooking or downplaying the contributions of certain figures or events, such as the role of Andres Bonifacio and the agrarian nature of the revolution.

Highlights

The document reveals the reasons behind the Philippine revolution against Spain.

It shows how Spaniards treated early Filipinos.

The document reveals the war of independence.

It discusses the type of government Aguinaldo established during the time of independence.

The document explains the colors of the Philippine flag.

The Philippine revolution was due to 333 years of Spanish occupation.

The abuses by Spanish civil wars and friars are cited as reasons for the revolution.

The document mentions the execution of Dr. Rizal and the Kavite Mutiny.

Aguinaldo declared a dictatorship style of government upon proclaiming Philippine independence.

The white triangle in the flag represents the Katipunan society's emblem.

The sun in the flag symbolizes progress and civilization.

The eight rays of the sun represent the eight provinces that declared war during the revolution.

The flag's colors commemorate the flag of the United States of America.

The document shows gratitude towards the Americans for helping gain freedom from Spain.

The Philippines was sold to the Americans for 20 million US dollars in the Treaty of Paris.

The document overlooks the agrarian nature of the Philippine revolution.

Andres Bonifacio is mentioned as the founder of the Katipunan, which began the revolution.

The document's political biases are discussed, emphasizing the need for critical analysis.

The task of historians and students is to examine the document's content, context, and perspective.

Transcripts

hi guys welcome back to my channel and

this is me again sergeant michael and

tony

and for today's vlog we are going to

continue our

analysis on the readings in the

philippine history

so today we are going to talk about the

proclamation

of the philippine independence

and what's the content of this document

and

what is our analysis to this particular

document

so if you want to learn something about

the readings in the philippine history

subject

then continue to watch this video

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[Applause]

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this document is very significant in our

studies

of the philippine history why is it

significant

number one is that this document reveals

the reasons behind the philippine

revolution

against spain it reveals

how the spaniards treated the early

filipinos

second this document reveals

the war of independence of course

and number three is that this document

reveals something about what kind of

government

did aguinaldo establish during the time

that we gain our independence from the

hands of the spaniards

and of course this document

reveals something about the explanations

of the the colors of our philippine

flag so are you excited now to know

keep watching this video

revolution against spain well so knowing

the

fact that the spaniards

holds the philippines for over 300 years

in fact

to be exact 333 years so imagine how

many years

but there was a revolution so what were

the reasons

of these revolutions so as mentioned in

the document

one of the very reasons is the abuses

done by the civil wars

spanish civil wars filipinos

without just reasons

the prisoners no the prisoners before

during the spanish time if they would

attempt to escape

they will be automatically shot they

will be killed

by the civil guards without any reasons

there was this abuses of the friars

the friars were abusing their authority

in fact

the the friars the spanish friars during

this time

were making use of the church in order

to cement

their political dominance in the

philippines

so the friars were using the authority

to subjugate the filipinos

in other words this document speaks

something about the inequalities and

injustices

experienced by the early filipinos

during the time of

spanish occupation so now

[Music]

so these are injustices and these

injustices

were one of the major reasons why there

was a revolution

the document also mentions the

execution of dr rizal the

kavite mutiny the execution of

the three priests see padre gomes borgos

at zamora

so the document mentions about

the injustices shem pray the killings

that were done

by the spaniards towards the filipinos

the second

important note that we have to

understand in the proclamation of the

philippine independence

was the kind of government

that emilio aguinaldo established

[Music]

that emilio aguinaldo was the first

dictator no it was not marcos who was

the first dictator

emilio aguinaldo declared

a dictatorship style of government

when they proclaimed the philippine

independence

so it is stated in the town of gabite

viejo

in the province of gavite on the 12th

day of june 1898

before me don ambrosio rianzares

bautista

auditor of war and special commissioner

appointed to proclaim and solemnize this

act

by the dictatorial government of this

philippine islands for the purposes and

by virtue of the circular address

by the eminent dictator of the same

don emilio aguinaldo e

family

[Music]

so this is a truth in history

based on the primary source now

another true that we can learn from this

document

was the explanation of the colors of the

philippine flag

we often associate the colors red and

blue

to courage and peace

[Music]

don't you know that the white triangle

in our philippine flag

represents the emblem the symbol of the

katipurian society

now you might think that the three stars

represent luzon

so basically based on the document

the these three major islands

is where or was where the

revolution started you know so

then

the sun represents the gigantic strides

that were made by the sons of this land

towards the progress and

civilization and the eighth race

of the sun represents the eight

provinces of manila

it represents the eight provinces of

manila now the eight provinces

were the province of kavite

[Music]

these eight provinces of manila were

declared

as on the state of war as soon as the

revolution broke out

in in 1896 so this is the reason

now let's go to the colors of the flag

now so the colors of the flag are the

colors blue

red and white now allah

based on the proclamation of the

philippine independence document

these colors commemorates

the flag of the united states of america

you might ask bucket bucket

in colors and flag were in commemoration

to the colors of the flag of the united

states of america

definitely because history tells us that

the americans helped us to gain our

freedom

from the hands of the spaniards so

emilio aguinaldo and together with his

new government

were grateful to the americans they were

their hearts were felt with gratitude to

the americans

by helping the filipinos in gaining the

freedom

peru

in the treaty of paris the philippines

was sold

by the spaniards to the americans in the

amount of 20 million us dollars

it is sad to realize now there was this

declaration of the philippine

independence peru

[Music]

the reality is we were not

after the spanish occupation for 333

years

here comes the americans

so another occupation

another struggle another dominance

to the hands of the americans

so after the independence from the hands

of the spaniards

the filipinos you luna was trying to

unite especially

the armed forces of the philippine

republic

filipino

by re-examining the document we can

actually find that there are some

historical

truths that are not really

[Music]

given importance overlook

historical truths so one of these was

the the

one of the reasons of the revolution

which was agrarian

[Music]

revolt of the masses the the

philippine revolution during the spanish

times was

agrarian in nature what does it mean it

means that

um

[Music]

[Music]

was a farmer and this was

one of the purposes of the katipunan

now another historical truth that is not

really given

emphasis on the document was the

foundation of the katipunan

now alumni andres manifacio was the

founder

the founding father of the katipunan and

the katipunan was the

beginning of the philippine revolution

revolution if not because of andres

munifacious leadership together with

katipuneros

so it is sad to realize now

the katipunan was mentioned already on

the in the latter part

last part of the document but he didn't

mention

and he didn't mention

[Music]

contributions

[Music]

[Music]

history is the history of

the victors the history of

the politics the history of those who

were in power

[Music]

the point

primary is itself the document itself

would actually speak the

political biases of those who are in

power

[Music]

there are selections of uh information

that are found in the records

there are biases on the perspective on

the content

on the context so that is why this is

our task as historians this is your task

as history

students to look at the content to look

at the context

to look at the perspective of a

particular

document so again this is surgeon

michael and tony

and i hope that you have learned

something about our analysis

on the proclamation of the philippine

independence that was proclaimed on june

12

1898.