Why Do People Migrate? [AP Human Geography Review Unit 2 Topic 10]
Summary
TLDRIn this Mr. Sin Channel video, the concept of human migration is explored, focusing on the push and pull factors that influence people to move. Economic, political, societal, and environmental factors are discussed, highlighting how they can either attract or deter individuals from certain areas. The video also explains the terms emigration and immigration, and touches on the impact of intervening obstacles and opportunities on migration. Viewers are encouraged to consider the factors influencing their own living choices.
Takeaways
- 🌍 Human migration is the permanent change of residence by an individual or group.
- 📈 Economic push factors include high unemployment, high taxes, and fewer job opportunities.
- 🏦 Economic pull factors are lower taxes, more job opportunities, and a variety of goods and services.
- 🏛️ Political push factors involve corruption, lack of freedoms, harsh policies, instability, and discrimination.
- 🗽 Political pull factors are places that protect individual rights, offer political freedom, and maintain stability.
- 👥 Societal push factors are discrimination based on ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, race, or religion.
- 🏥 Societal pull factors include religious freedom, acceptance, quality education, and healthcare services.
- 🌱 Environmental push factors are lack of arable land, water scarcity, and high risk of natural or human-made disasters.
- 🏞️ Environmental pull factors are areas with arable land, clean water, and preferred climates.
- 🚫 Intervening obstacles are negative situations or events that prevent migrants from reaching their destination.
- 🚀 Intervening opportunities are positive situations or events that divert migrants from their intended destination.
- 🌐 Emigration is leaving a place, while immigration is moving into a new place.
Q & A
What is migration?
-Migration is the permanent change of residence by an individual or group, often involving movement to another city, region, or country.
What are push factors in migration?
-Push factors are negative situations, conditions, events, and factors that make people want to leave a geographic area, such as high unemployment, high taxes, less job opportunities, political corruption, lack of individual freedoms, and poor societal conditions.
What are pull factors in migration?
-Pull factors are positive situations, conditions, events, and factors that make people want to move to a geographic area, such as lower taxes, more job opportunities, a larger variety of goods and services, political freedom, and better societal conditions.
Why is economics often the number one reason for migration?
-Economics is often the number one reason for migration because areas with high unemployment, high taxes, and less job opportunities push people out, while areas with lower taxes, more job opportunities, and a larger variety of goods and services pull people in.
How do political factors influence migration?
-Political factors influence migration as areas with more political corruption, lack of individual freedoms, harsh government policies, lack of stability, or discrimination push people out, whereas places that protect individual rights, give political freedom, and keep society stable pull people in.
What societal factors can act as push factors in migration?
-Societal factors that can act as push factors include discrimination against different ethnicities, genders, sexual orientation, races, or religions, as well as a lack of healthcare services, poor educational systems, or lack of public services.
What environmental factors can cause people to migrate?
-Environmental factors such as lack of arable land, water scarcity, higher chances of natural disasters or human-made disasters like chemical spills or pollution from factories can push people out of an area.
What is the difference between emigration and immigration?
-Emigration is when a person is leaving a place, and immigration is when a person is moving into a place. For example, if someone moves from the United States to Australia, they would be emigrating from the U.S. and immigrating to Australia.
What are intervening obstacles in migration?
-Intervening obstacles are negative situations or events that hinder migration and prevent migrants from reaching their final destination, such as running out of money or being denied entry due to immigration policy.
What are intervening opportunities in migration?
-Intervening opportunities are positive situations or events that hinder migration and prevent migrants from reaching their final destination, such as finding a job offer in an area one is passing through and deciding to take it.
How can personal preferences influence push and pull factors?
-Personal preferences can influence push and pull factors as what may be appealing to one person (like a place that snows more often for a snowboarder) may be a push factor for another (like a surfer who prefers a warm beach).
Outlines
🌍 Understanding Human Migration
This paragraph introduces the concept of human migration, defined as the permanent change of residence by individuals or groups. It explores the push and pull factors that influence migration decisions. Push factors are negative conditions prompting people to leave an area, such as high unemployment, high taxes, and lack of job opportunities. Pull factors are positive conditions attracting people to an area, such as lower taxes, more job opportunities, and a wider variety of goods and services. The paragraph also discusses how economic, political, societal, and environmental factors can act as push or pull factors. Economic factors include job opportunities and taxes, political factors involve political freedom and stability, societal factors encompass acceptance and public services, and environmental factors consider natural resources and climate. The paragraph concludes by noting that individual preferences can also influence what is considered a push or pull factor.
👋 Closing Remarks from Mr. Sin
In the closing paragraph, Mr. Sin, the presenter, signs off by addressing his audience as geographers and expressing his anticipation for their next encounter online. This paragraph serves as a farewell and a teaser for future content.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Migration
💡Push Factors
💡Pull Factors
💡Economic Factors
💡Political Factors
💡Social Factors
💡Environmental Factors
💡Emigrants
💡Immigrants
💡Intervening Obstacles
💡Intervening Opportunities
Highlights
Introduction to the topic of migration and its causes
Definition of migration as the permanent change of residence
Explanation of push and pull factors influencing migration
Economic push factors such as high unemployment and low job opportunities
Economic pull factors like lower taxes and more job opportunities
Political push factors including corruption and lack of freedoms
Political pull factors such as protection of individual rights and stability
Societal push factors like discrimination and lack of public services
Societal pull factors including acceptance, quality education, and health care
Environmental push factors like lack of arable land and higher natural disasters
Environmental pull factors such as arable land and preferred climates
The concept that push and pull factors can differ based on individual preferences
Definition of emigration as leaving a place and immigration as moving into a place
Intervening obstacles that can prevent migration, such as financial issues or policies
Intervening opportunities that can alter migration plans, like job offers
Encouragement for viewers to reflect on their own migration experiences
Invitation for viewers to share their thoughts in the comment section
Promotion of additional review resources and the ultimate review packet
Conclusion and sign-off from the presenter, Mr. Sin
Transcripts
hello there geographers and welcome back
to the Mr sin Channel today we're going
to be reviewing the different causes of
migration as always if you find Value in
these topic review videos consider
subscribing and check out my other
review resources in the description of
the video to start I want to ask a
pretty simple question if you could live
anywhere in the world where would you
want to live when people decide to move
whether it's to another city a region or
even a country it's known as migration
human migration is the permanent change
of residents by an individual or group
you can see that when individuals are
trying to decide if they're going to
migrate they take into account different
push and pull factors pull factors are
positive situations conditions events
and factors that make people want to
move to a geographic area push factors
on the other hand are negative
situations conditions events and factors
that make people want to leave a
geographic area every place has
different economic political social and
environmental push and pull factor
economically we can see that societies
that have a high unemployment high taxes
is and less job opportunities will push
people out of an area but areas that
have lower taxes more job opportunities
and a larger variety of different goods
and services will pull people into the
area we can see actually that economics
is the number one reason why people
migrate changing gears to political
factors we can see that Geographic areas
that have more political corruption lack
individual freedoms Implement harsh
government policies lack stability or
discriminate citizens will push people
out of the area but places that protect
individual rights of citizens give
citizens political freedom and keep
Society stable will pull people into a
place if we look at societal factors we
can see that societies that discriminate
against different ethnicities genders
sexual orientation races or religions
create push factors that motivate people
to leave in area areas that also lack
Health Care Services have poor
Educational Systems or lack public
services will also push people out of
the area whereas places that offer
religious freedom are accepting of all
people offer quality education and
health care services and have less
income and gender inequality will see
more pull factors as people will be
drawn to that area then there are
environmental factors places that lack
arable land water have a higher chance
of having a natural disaster or human
disaster such as a chemical spill or
pollution from factories often will push
people out of the area but societies
that are located in areas that have
arable land clean drinking water and
preferred climates will motivate people
to move to those areas one thing to
remember when it comes to push and pull
factors especially environmental ones is
that some factors will differ depending
on who you talk to for example a person
who likes to snowboard may consider a
place where it's more cold and snows
more often more appealing than a place
where it's always sunny and warm but
someone else for example a surfer will
most likely consider the cold a push
factor and would rather live near a
beach with access to the ocean or a
business that needs a large Workforce
will most likely see a large urban area
as a poll Factor but a business that
requires lots of land and smaller
Workforce will look for more of a
dispersed population with cheaper land
now going back to migration we can see
if a person is leaving a place it's
known as emigration and if a person is
moving into a place it's known as
immigration for example I currently live
in the United States of America but if I
decide to move to Australia I would be
emigrating from the United States and
immigrating to Australia to make sure
you don't mix these terms up think of
emigration as e for exit and immigration
as I for in so we can see that people
migrate for a variety of different
reasons but just because people want to
migrate to a different area it doesn't
mean that they will reach their final
destination sometimes migration of
people gets interrupted and stopped due
to intervening obstacles or intervening
opportunities intervening obstacles are
negative situations or events that
hinder migration and end up preventing
migrants from reaching their final
destination for example if a migrant ran
out of money to to complete their
migration or are denied entry to an area
due to immigration policy while
intervening opportunities are positive
situations or events that hinder
migration and end up preventing migrants
from reaching their final destination
for example if you're on your way to
your destination but you find a job
offer in the area you are driving
through and decide to take the job just
remember that intervening obstacles are
negative situations and intervening
opportunities are positive situations
both end up preventing the migrant from
reaching their final destination now
that we've reviewed the different push
and pull factors think back to the
question at the start of this video what
push and pull factors exist for where
you live now and what factors made you
choose your answer let me know in the
comment section below your answer and
your reasoning and just like that
another topic review video is down now
comes the time to practice what we've
learned answer the questions on the
screen and check your answers in the
comments section down below also if you
found value in this video consider
subscribing and checking out my ultimate
review packet it's a great resource
that'll help you get an in your class
into five on that National exam as
always geographers I'm Mr sin and I'll
see you next time online
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