APUSH Review: Period 3 (1754 - 1800) in 10 Minutes
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script offers a concise 10-minute review of Period 3, covering significant historical events from 1754 to 1783. It discusses the French and Indian War, its aftermath, and the shift in power dynamics leading to Pontiac's Rebellion. The script details Britain's increased control post-war, the resistance it faced from American colonists, and the formation of groups like the First Continental Congress. It also covers the American Revolution, the Declaration of Independence influenced by Enlightenment thinkers, and the war's outcome aided by foreign support, notably from France. The video touches on the Articles of Confederation, the Northwest Land Ordinance's ban on slavery, and early challenges faced by the new government, including land disputes and the emergence of political parties. It concludes with the concept of Republican Motherhood, emphasizing women's role in shaping future citizens.
Takeaways
- 📚 The French and Indian War (1754-1763), also known as the Seven Years' War, was a conflict caused by English encroachment on French lands and resulted in Britain's victory and France's removal from North America.
- 🏰 Pontiac's Rebellion was a response to the British Proclamation Line of 1763, which restricted colonists from expanding west of the Appalachian Mountains.
- 💸 Britain's debt from the war led to a more active role in colonial affairs, including the passing of Acts like the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and the Intolerable Acts to raise revenue.
- 🤝 The colonists resisted the new British control, forming groups like the Stamp Act Congress, Committees of Correspondence, and the First Continental Congress to demonstrate colonial unity.
- 📜 The Declaration of Independence in 1776 listed grievances against King George III and was influenced by Enlightenment ideas, particularly John Locke's theory of natural rights.
- 🔍 The American colonists won the Revolutionary War due to familiarity with the land, strong leadership, fighting for republicanism, and receiving foreign aid, especially from France after the Battle of Saratoga.
- 📝 The Articles of Confederation provided a weak central government with most power left to the states, leading to trade issues between states due to tariffs and differing currency values.
- 🚫 The Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 was the first congressional ban on slavery and provided a process for admitting new states, with slavery banned in the Northwest Territory.
- 🌍 The American Revolution inspired revolutions in other parts of the world, such as France, Haiti, and Latin America, showing the global impact of the American fight for liberty.
- 🏛️ The Constitution was built on compromises like the Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise, which addressed representation in Congress and the slave trade.
- 👨👩👧👦 Republican Motherhood was the belief that women should instill Republican virtues in children and be active in their families, which helped improve education for women.
Q & A
What is the time period covered by the French and Indian War?
-The French and Indian War took place from 1754 to 1763.
What was the impact of the French and Indian War on North America?
-The war resulted in France being removed from North America, leading to a significant shift in power and the emergence of conflicts between American colonists and Native Americans.
What was the Proclamation Line of 1763 and how did it affect the colonists?
-The Proclamation Line of 1763 was a decree that prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. This caused resentment among the colonists who had recently fought to gain control of the land.
Why did Britain begin to take a more active role in colonial affairs after the war?
-Britain was in debt from the war and ended its policy of salutary neglect, opting for a more hands-on approach to raise revenue through acts like the Stamp Act.
What was the significance of the First Continental Congress?
-The First Continental Congress was a gathering of representatives from the colonies to coordinate resistance against British policies, demonstrating colonial unity.
How did the publication of 'Common Sense' by Thomas Paine influence the American Revolution?
-'Common Sense' urged American independence and was influential in the push for the Declaration of Independence.
What Enlightenment ideas influenced the Declaration of Independence?
-The Declaration of Independence was influenced by Enlightenment ideas, particularly John Locke's theory of natural rights and the concept of government by the consent of the governed.
How did the colonists manage to win the Revolutionary War despite being at a disadvantage?
-The colonists won due to familiarity with the land, strong leadership, fighting for republicanism and natural rights, and receiving foreign aid, notably from France after the Battle of Saratoga.
What were the main issues addressed by the Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787?
-The Northwest Land Ordinance provided a process for admitting new states and banned slavery in the Northwest Territory, marking the first congressional ban on slavery.
What were the key differences between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution?
-The Articles of Confederation provided for a weak central government with no power to tax and no executive branch, whereas the Constitution established a stronger federal government with a defined executive branch.
What was the main message of Washington's Farewell Address?
-Washington's Farewell Address warned against entangled foreign alliances and the emergence of political parties, advocating for unity and the avoidance of such divisions.
Outlines
🏰 French and Indian War and its Impact
The video script discusses the French and Indian War, which lasted from 1754 to 1763 and was also known as the Seven Years' War. It was caused by the English encroaching on French lands. The war resulted in Britain's victory, which led to France's removal from North America. This shift in power caused conflicts between American colonists and Native Americans, exemplified by Pontiac's Rebellion. Britain, in debt from the war, ended its policy of salutary neglect and began to take a more active role in colonial affairs. This led to the passing of acts like the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and Intolerable Acts, which the colonists resisted, leading to the formation of groups like the Stamp Act Congress, Committees of Correspondence, and the First Continental Congress. These groups demonstrated colonial unity against British rule. The script also discusses the colonists' desire to return to the pre-1763 relationship with Britain rather than seeking independence.
📜 The American Revolution and its Global Influence
The script continues with the period from 1776 to 1783, focusing on the American Revolution. It highlights the influence of Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' and the Declaration of Independence, which listed grievances against King George III and was inspired by Enlightenment ideas. The colonists won the war due to their familiarity with the land, strong leadership, fighting for republicanism, and receiving foreign aid, particularly from France after the Battle of Saratoga. The script also discusses the development of the Articles of Confederation, which provided for a weak central government and led to trade issues between states. The Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 is highlighted for providing a process for admitting new states and banning slavery in the Northwest Territory. The Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution inspired revolutions worldwide, such as in France, Haiti, and Latin America. The script also touches on the challenges faced by the new government under the Constitution, including navigation issues on the Mississippi River, relations with Native Americans, and the emergence of political parties.
👩🏫 Republican Motherhood and Education
The final paragraph discusses the concept of Republican Motherhood, which emerged after the Revolutionary War. It emphasizes the role of women in instilling republican virtues in their children and the importance of women's education. Despite married women having to give their property to their husbands, the idea that women should guide their families and raise children to be good citizens persisted. The script concludes with a reminder for viewers to check out more detailed videos on period 3 and wishes them luck on their tests.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡French and Indian War
💡Pontiac's Rebellion
💡Proclamation Line of 1763
💡Salutary Neglect
💡Stamp Act
💡First Continental Congress
💡Common Sense
💡Declaration of Independence
💡Articles of Confederation
💡Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787
💡Republican Motherhood
Highlights
The French and Indian War (1754-1763), also known as the Seven Years' War, was caused by English encroachment onto French lands.
Great Britain won the war, resulting in France's removal from North America and a shift in power.
Pontiac's Rebellion was a response to the British colonists' expansion into Native American lands.
The Proclamation Line of 1763 restricted colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Britain's increased control over colonial affairs led to the passing of the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and Intolerable Acts.
Colonists resisted British control by forming groups like the Stamp Act Congress and the First Continental Congress.
Most colonists did not want independence but rather a return to the pre-1763 relationship with Britain.
Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' was influential in the push for American independence.
The Declaration of Independence listed grievances against King George III and was inspired by Enlightenment ideas.
Colonists won the war due to familiarity with the land, good leadership, and foreign aid, particularly from France.
The Articles of Confederation provided for a weak central government with most power left to the states.
The Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 provided a process for admitting new states and banned slavery in the Northwest Territory.
Tensions emerged between the East and West of the country, with the East being more elite and the West having newer money and less government power.
The Declaration of Independence and American Revolution inspired revolutions in France, Haiti, and Latin America.
The Constitution was built on compromises, such as the Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise.
The Federalist Papers were written in favor of the Constitution, and the promise of a Bill of Rights helped secure its ratification.
Challenges to the new government included navigation issues on the Mississippi River and relations with Native Americans.
Washington's Farewell Address warned against entangled foreign alliances and the emergence of political parties.
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions questioned the power of the federal government and the concept of states nullifying federal laws.
Republican Motherhood was the belief that women should instill Republican virtues in children and be active in their families.
Transcripts
hey what's going on a push peeps we have
period 3 review for you I'm going to try
to do this in about 10 minutes look at
the top here to figure out what chapters
of your textbook it matches with and if
you want a more detailed explanation of
anything in here check out the link
below I have period 3 divided into three
separate videos which will explain this
stuff in really good detail but for now
I'm just going to try to hit on the Big
Ideas everything you need to know about
period 3 in 10 minutes all right 1754 to
1763 that is the French and Indian War
and this last this was also known as the
Seven Years War this was caused by the
English encroachment onto French lands
or the English going onto French lands
now it's called the French and Indian
War and most natives except for the iroy
Confederation they were split they sided
with the French so this war pits the
French and the natives against the
British and the colonists now Great
Britain wins the war and France is
removed from North americ that has huge
impacts on both the Native Americans and
the colonists we see a huge shift in
power in North America conflicts begin
to emerge between American colonists and
the natives as the colonists seek to
expand an example this is ponti ex's
Rebellion which happens in this area
here the Ohio Michigan area and this is
where Native American Chief Pontiac led
a rebellion against the British colonist
and in response the British issued the
Proclamation line of
1763 which stated that the colonist
could not go past this line here which
is the Appalachian Mountains and the
colonists are very resentful of this
because they just fought to gain all
this land they're not allowed to be
there all right Britain is in debt from
the war they end salutary neglect and
they begin to take a more active or
Hands-On approach in colonial Affairs if
you're writing an essay about the French
and IND War here's your thesis statement
the French and Indian War drastically
and forever changed the relationship
between the British and the colonists
Brit begins to pass a series of Acts
including the Stamp Act the Townsen acts
and the Intolerable Acts all these were
way of them to take a more active role
and in terms of the Stamp Act in towns
en act this was a way for them to raise
revenue and the colonists resisted this
new control they did not like it they
formed groups like The stb Back Congress
which was meant to repeal the stb back
the Committees of Correspondence which
spread information amongst the different
colonies and the First Continental
Congress all of these were examples of
colonial Unity against the British now
whether you were an elite like Paul
Rivier John Hancock are really an
average everyday colonist many were
United against the British they did not
like that solitary neglect ended but do
keep in mind up until 1776 most
colonists did not want independence they
simply longed for or wanted to go back
to the days of solitary neglect which
were pre 1763 so they want to go back to
what life was like before the French and
Indian War now let's talk about 1776 to
1783 the the war itself things change in
January of 1776 when Thomas Payne this
guy down here writes a book called
common sense and in this book he urged
America to break away and this was
hugely influential in the Declaration of
Independence so let's talk about the
Declaration of Independence this is a
list of grievances or problems against
King George III or kg3 and this provided
a justification for breaking away it was
definitely inspired by Common Sense and
it was definitely inspired by
Enlightenment ideas especially John Lock
you see his theory of natural rights
life liberty and property Thomas
Jefferson and John Adams changed that to
life liberty in the pursuit of happiness
you also see this idea of the consent of
the government that the people have the
real power not the government so at the
end of this war how the heck did the
colonists win this thing when when
really the odds were against them well
they had familiar familiarity with their
with the land it was their Homeland they
had very good military leadership under
people like George Washington who was
able to inspire many people to fight
they were fighting for this idea of
republicanism or natural rights and
consent to the government that it was
the people that had the power and
definitely hugely important they had
foreign aid particularly from the French
and the and France provided Aid after
the Americans won the Battle of Saratoga
in 1777 so definitely be able to explain
why the colonists won the war during the
war we have the development of the
Articles of Confederation and there's
this fear of a centralized power keep in
mind the articles are basically going to
be 180° different than life under Great
Britain the Articles provided for a weak
central government the federal
government could not tax there was no
executive branch and most of the power
was left to the states it's essentially
like there are 13 independent countries
trade issues emerg between the states
because of tariffs on Goods Shi between
states and also because the currencies
of the states had different values so we
have the Northwest Land Ordinance of
1787 which is specifically mentioned in
the new curriculum definitely this
wicked wicked important this Pro
provided a process for admitting new
States and it's all this area in the
black here once a territory reached
60,000 people it could apply for
Statehood and the very important thing
to know is that slavery was banned in
the Northwest Territory this is the
first congressional ban on slavery so if
you're writing an an essay about slavery
you could definitely trace the roots to
Northwest territory in terms of banning
slavery in different areas of the
country tensions emerged in different
areas of the country in this big idea of
East versus West East tends to be where
the elites or the power lies whereas the
Western portions of states or or the
country is where newer money or poor
people live and also where there's not a
lot of government power and there tends
to be some conflicts really some
examples you have the Paxon Boys in
Pennsylvania who had issues with Native
Americans and killed about 20 of them
and then Shay's Rebellion in
Massachusetts they were upset with the
Massachusetts state government leving
taxes and and taking away Farms of of
farmers out in Western
Massachusetts so what is the impact of
the Declaration of Independence and the
American Revolution on a worldwide scale
well we see Revolutions in France Haiti
and Latin America and here in particular
is a painting based on events from July
14th 1789 the storming of the Bas which
is the beginning of the French
Revolution so you see other countries
throughout the world take these ideas
that the Americans instituted and they
want them as well so although some
called for greater equality and you have
Abigail Adams at writing to her husband
John saying hey please remember the
ladies and Pennsylvania passes an
emancipation law which bans slavery
framers of the Constitution really did
not address these issues and especially
the issue of slavery keep in mind if the
framers banned slavery in the
Constitution no Southern States that had
slavery would go along with the
Constitution and it never would have
passed so the Constitution really is
built on a series of compromises you
have the Great Compromise and the three-
fifths compromise both of which dealt
with the issue of representation in
Congress and the slave trade compromise
said that the importation of slaves
could not be ended prior to
1808 the Constitution was only ratified
or passed after the Federalist and
though and that's those people that were
in favor of the Constitution promised
the Anti-Federalists or those that were
afraid of the Constitution and this new
power under the central government a
Bill of Rights would be added and they
were in fact and those are the first 10
amendments so what are some challenges
to this new government under the
Constitution there are many early on we
have navigation issues on the
Mississippi River Spain was in control
of the Mississippi for a long time and
they forbid the United States from from
having access to this Mississippi River
and that's oh so important for shipping
and keep in mind the United States now
has all this territory over here so they
want to be able to ship on here
especially down in New Orleans which
will give access to the Gulf of Mexico
pne's treaty assigned to address that
and Spain gave the United States the
right to navigate on the Mississippi and
we also have relations with natives it's
not defined in the Constitution and land
issues with the natives emerged as the
natives began to seed more and more of
their land to the Americans you see that
with the Treaty of Grantville in Ohio
Washington's Farewell Address happens
it's is actually not an address it's a
it's a written letter and in it he
warned of entangled foreign alliances
and political parties and political
parties do emerge even though he was
against them you see the emergence of
the Federalists which are led by
Hamilton and Republicans which are led
by Jefferson and it's really not until
after World War II that you you see the
United States get involved in foreign
alliances so Washington's Farewell
Address is so influential it's not just
entangled alliances ladies and gentlemen
definitely know that he was weary of
political parties as well debates over
the power of government emerg for
decades to come
who really has power is it the state
government is the is it the national
government the Virginia Kentucky
Resolutions were written by Thomas
Jefferson and James Madison in response
to the Alien and Sedition Acts and they
urg states to nullify a federal law and
and there was this question at the time
could States nullify or or void a
federal law and the answer is no the
Constitution states that is the supreme
law of the land however this idea of
States having the power since they
created the Constitution that's called
the compact Theory will really be around
for decades to come and this this
question will not be finally settled
until the Civil War until after the
Civil War all right so one last thing
we'll finish up with that is so
important againsts its own slide it's
something called Republican Motherhood
and after the Revolutionary War women
gained few if any rights married women
still had to give their property to
their husbands any property they had
before they got married now the idea of
Republican Motherhood is the belief that
women were expected to instill
Republican virtues which which basically
means these ideas of Liberty natural
rights into children and be active in
their
families this does help improve
education for women because women were
expected to play an important role
educating their children this is an idea
that will be around for a very very long
time that women should be the guiding
force of the families and raise children
to be good citizens of the United States
okay guys that's pretty much everything
you need to know for Pier 3 if you have
any questions or comments feel free to
leave them in the section below make
sure you check out more the more
detailed videos I have on period 3 if
you need any more explaining and I thank
you guys very much for watching good
luck on any and all of your test this
year especially the one in May best of
luck thank you for watching and have a
good day
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