GENRE MAKRO & GENRE MIKRO (JENIS TEKS) DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA | PART 1

Stefanie Humena

15 Aug 202109:47

Summary

TLDRThis video script discusses the macro and micro genres in Indonesian language learning at higher education institutions. It explains that genre refers to types of texts, emphasizing that texts are social processes aimed at achieving goals. The script differentiates between macro genres, which are broad text types like academic papers, and micro genres, which are smaller text types like exposition or argumentation found within larger texts. The video aims to clarify the concept of genre and its significance in language education.

Takeaways

🎵 The script discusses the concept of 'genre' in relation to language learning in Indonesian higher education, drawing parallels to music genres.
📚 The term 'genre' in the Indonesian language is defined as a type or category of literature based on its form or literary style, such as prose and poetry.
🎼 In music, 'genre' emphasizes the patterns or techniques used, whereas in literature, it focuses on the type of writing or literature.
📈 The script introduces the idea of genre in language learning as a type of text that is goal-oriented and involves social interaction.
🤝 Genre is described as a social process involving text types with others to achieve goals, emphasizing the social, goal-oriented, and step-by-step nature of text.
🧠 Text is not just written language; it can also be spoken or a combination, and it represents a contextual meaning structured in a certain way.
🌐 Text exists in the mind as various genres before manifesting as spoken or written language, influenced by the process of language acquisition.
📘 The script explains that genre is involved in the social process of learning and achieving goals, such as becoming smart through step-by-step learning processes.
📑 In higher education, Indonesian language studies include exploring various text types to identify, understand, and create academic or scientific texts.
📚 The academic texts like theses, dissertations, and research reports are examples of macro genres, which encompass micro genres like descriptive, expository, and argumentative texts.
🔍 The script differentiates between macro and micro genres, with macro genres being broader and encompassing smaller, more specific micro genres.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?
-The main topic discussed in the video is the concept of macro and micro genres in the context of Indonesian language learning at higher education institutions.
What is the general meaning of the term 'genre'?
-The term 'genre' is generally used to refer to categories or types, most commonly associated with different styles of music such as pop, jazz, funk, and rock.
How is 'genre' defined in the context of literature according to the Indonesian dictionary?
-In the context of literature, 'genre' is defined as a noun or object word from the field of literature, meaning a type, style, or group of literature based on its form or literary variety, such as prose and poetry.
What is the difference between macro and micro genres as explained in the video?
-Macro genres are large and broad types of texts, while micro genres are smaller or more specific types of texts. The video explains that macro genres encompass various micro genres.
What is the role of genre in language learning?
-In language learning, genre refers to the type of text and is considered a step-by-step, goal-oriented social process where we engage with others to achieve something.
Why is text considered a social process?
-Text is considered a social process because it involves interaction with others and is used to achieve goals, which are often accomplished step by step.
What is the broader purpose of learning different genres in higher education?
-The broader purpose of learning different genres in higher education is to enable students to identify, understand, and create academic or scientific texts, such as theses, dissertations, and academic papers.
What are some examples of macro genres in academic writing?
-Examples of macro genres in academic writing include theses, dissertations, textbooks, papers, proposals, and research reports.
How do micro genres function within macro genres?
-Micro genres function within macro genres as specific types of texts that serve particular purposes, such as exposition, description, and argumentation, which are necessary for a complete understanding of the content in a macro genre like a textbook.
Why is the Indonesian language still a compulsory subject in higher education?
-The Indonesian language remains a compulsory subject in higher education because it is essential for students to be able to create academic texts, such as theses and dissertations, which are required for graduation.
What is the significance of understanding both macro and micro genres in language education?
-Understanding both macro and micro genres in language education is significant because it allows students to comprehend the structure and purpose of various texts, which is crucial for academic success and effective communication.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Genres in Language Learning

The speaker, Stefani, introduces the concept of macro and micro genres in the context of Indonesian language learning at universities. The term 'genre' is commonly associated with music styles but is also used in literature to define types of texts. According to the Indonesian dictionary (KBBI), genre refers to types or groups of literature based on their form or literary style. Stefani borrows insights from J.R. Martin and David Rose, suggesting that genre is a social process oriented towards achieving goals through text types. This involves social interaction, goal orientation, and step-by-step progression. Texts are not just written or spoken language but are structured units of language that convey contextual meanings. Before manifesting as speech or writing, texts exist in our minds, influenced by various genres acquired through language learning. The example of learning to read illustrates the step-by-step social process of using texts to achieve goals.

05:01

🔍 Exploring Macro and Micro Genres in Academic Texts

Stefani further discusses the application of macro and micro genres, particularly in academic texts. Drawing from KBBI, 'macro' implies something large and 'micro' implies something small. Macro genres encompass broader categories of texts, while micro genres are more specific. In the context of Indonesian language studies at universities, students are taught to explore various text types to identify, understand, and create academic or scientific texts, such as theses and dissertations. These academic texts are examples of macro genres, which include micro genres like descriptive, expository, and argumentative texts. The video explains that macro genres act as umbrellas for micro genres, with each playing a specific role in conveying academic content. The necessity of understanding these genres is underscored by their practical application in creating scholarly works, which is a requirement for obtaining academic degrees.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Genre

In the context of the video, 'genre' is initially associated with music styles like pop, jazz, or rock. However, it is later redefined to refer to types of texts in literature, such as prose and poetry. The video uses 'genre' to discuss different types of texts, emphasizing that genre is not just about form but also about the social processes and goals associated with the creation and interpretation of texts.

💡Macro Genre

Macro genre refers to larger, more comprehensive types of texts that encompass smaller, specific text types. In the video, macro genre is used to describe broad categories of academic writing, such as theses, dissertations, and research papers. These texts are considered macro because they include various micro genres within them, serving as an umbrella for different types of content and writing styles.

💡Micro Genre

Micro genre, in contrast to macro genre, represents smaller, more specific types of texts. The video explains that micro genres are the building blocks of macro genres, such as descriptions, expositions, and arguments found within academic texts. These smaller genres serve specific functions within the larger structure of a text.

💡Social Process

The video describes genre as a social process, meaning that the creation and interpretation of texts involve interactions with others. This social aspect is crucial as it implies that texts are not created in isolation but are part of a broader social context and communication.

💡Goal-Oriented

The term 'goal-oriented' is used to describe how texts are created with specific objectives in mind. Whether it's to inform, persuade, or instruct, the video emphasizes that the genre of a text is tied to its purpose, which is achieved through a series of steps or stages.

💡Stage

A 'stage' in the video refers to the different phases or steps involved in achieving a goal through text. For example, learning to read involves stages such as recognizing letters, then combining them into words, and finally understanding sentences. Each stage is a part of the broader process of learning.

💡Text

In the video, 'text' is defined more broadly than just written language. It includes any language unit that can be mediated through writing or speech and is structured to convey contextual meaning. Texts can manifest as spoken language, written language, or a combination of both.

💡Academic Text

Academic texts are a specific type of macro genre discussed in the video. They include theses, dissertations, research papers, and scholarly articles. These texts are created within an academic context and are expected to follow certain conventions and standards.

💡Language Acquisition

Language acquisition is mentioned in the video as the process through which humans learn to understand and use language. It's a gradual process that involves internalizing various genres of texts, which are then used for social interaction and achieving goals.

💡Interact

Interaction is highlighted in the video as a key part of the social process of genre. It involves engaging with others, such as teachers or peers, to learn and create texts. This interaction is essential for language acquisition and the development of literacy skills.

💡Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia

Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, or learning Indonesian language, is the central theme of the video. It ties together the concepts of genre, text, and social process, emphasizing how learning the language involves understanding and engaging with different genres of texts within a social context.

Highlights

Genre in language learning refers to types of texts, similar to music genres.

In the context of literature, genre refers to types or groups of literature based on form or literary variety.

Genre in music emphasizes patterns or techniques used in music.

Genre in language learning is a type of text that is goal-oriented and social.

Genre involves a step-by-step process to achieve goals through social interaction with others.

Texts are not just written language but can also be spoken or a combination of both.

Texts are defined as language units that can be mediated through writing and speech, structured according to specific text structures.

Before texts manifest, they exist in the human mind as a series of texts from various genres.

Learning to be smart is an example of a goal-oriented process involving step-by-step interactions with others.

In higher education, Indonesian language learning is text-based, exploring various text types.

Students are taught to identify, understand, and create academic or scientific texts.

Every university requires students to create academic texts such as theses and dissertations.

Academic texts are examples of macro genres, which encompass micro genres like descriptive, expository, and argumentative texts.

Macro genres function as umbrellas covering various micro genres.

For example, a textbook is a macro genre that includes micro genres like expository texts.

Micro genres are essential for understanding the material to be learned.

The discussion about micro genres has been touched upon in previous videos about text types.

The video concludes by inviting feedback, corrections, and subscriptions for future content.