Identifying Tampered Images
Summary
TLDRThe video script introduces viewers to methods for detecting tampered images, a critical skill in open source intelligence investigations. It outlines common manipulation techniques such as cloning, resizing, and adding elements to images. The script demonstrates the use of specialized tools like forensically and the nvid browser extension for Chrome to perform error level analysis and noise analysis on images. By analyzing shadows, lighting, and pixel demarcation, these tools can reveal discrepancies, indicating tampering. The video encourages practice and awareness of potential false positives, emphasizing the importance of image forensics in fields like politics and activism.
Takeaways
- 🔍 Importance of image analysis in open source investigations.
- 🖼️ Identifying image tampering is crucial for the integrity of an investigation.
- 📸 Common tampering methods include cloning, resizing, replacing faces, and removing objects.
- 🧩 Error level analysis can detect cloned sections within an image.
- 🌐 Using tools like Forensically and NVIDIA Browser Extensions for Chrome for image analysis.
- 🔊 Noise analysis helps identify foreign elements in an image.
- 🖼️ Original images can be compared to tampered ones to spot discrepancies.
- 🏞️ Examples provided in the script demonstrate how to detect alterations in images.
- 🔍 Zooming in can reveal clear demarcation lines between colors indicating foreign elements.
- 📈 Practicing with different tools is encouraged to improve image analysis skills.
- 👥 Joining online communities can provide further learning in cybersecurity and image analysis.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the video?
-The main topic of the video is how to identify tampered images during an investigation.
Why is it important to determine if an image has been tampered with?
-It is important because the authenticity of an image can sometimes direct the course of the entire investigation, affecting the outcome and credibility of the findings.
What are some possible ways an image may have been tampered with?
-An image may be tampered with by cloning and resizing parts, replacing faces, removing sections, altering lighting, or making minor corrections like removing blemishes or objects.
What is the first tool introduced in the video for image analysis?
-The first tool introduced is error level analysis, which helps identify cloned sections within an image.
How does the noise analysis tool work?
-The noise analysis tool identifies foreign elements or noise in an image that are not part of the original, highlighting them as distinct spots.
What does the clone detection tool do?
-The clone detection tool identifies identical regions in an image by joining them together with lines, revealing any cloned parts.
How can you tell if a foreign element has been added to an image?
-You can use a magnifier tool to zoom into the area where the element is suspected to be added. A clear line of demarcation between two adjacent colors indicates that a foreign element has been added.
What should you do if you need to practice identifying tampered images?
-You can download data sets of tampered images from various websites to practice and use different tools to enhance your skills.
What is recommended for those who want to learn more about image forensics and other cybersecurity skills?
-They are encouraged to join an online community of students on the video's website to register for a free account and gain access to more learning materials.
How can viewers engage with the content if they find it helpful?
-Viewers can hit like, share the video on social media, and subscribe to the YouTube channel for more similar content.
Outlines
🕵️♀️ Image Tampering Identification Techniques
This paragraph introduces the topic of identifying tampered images during an investigation. Erica explains the importance of detecting alterations in images as it can influence the entire investigation's direction. She references a previous video on analyzing images for open source intelligence and suggests using special tools to process and analyze images for signs of tampering. The paragraph outlines various ways an image might be manipulated, such as cloning, resizing, replacing faces, removing objects, or altering lighting and shadows. Erica then demonstrates using tools like error level analysis and noise analysis to identify cloned sections and foreign elements in images, emphasizing the significance of these techniques in investigations.
🔍 Advanced Image Analysis Tools and Their Applications
In this paragraph, the focus is on advanced tools and techniques used for a deeper analysis of images suspected to be tampered with. Erica discusses the use of the forensically tool, which comprises multiple analysis tools, and the nvid browser extension for Chrome. She explains how these tools can help identify cloned sections, noise, and foreign elements in an image. The paragraph provides examples of how error level analysis and noise analysis can reveal discrepancies in images, such as added objects or edited out characters. It also touches on the use of clone detection and magnification tools to detect and confirm alterations in images. Erica encourages practice and highlights the value of these skills in fields like politics and activism, where tampered images are commonly encountered.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Image Tampering
💡Forensic Analysis
💡Error Level Analysis
💡Noise Analysis
💡Clone Detection
💡JPEG Quality Slider
💡Lighting Consistency
💡Digital Forensics
💡Open-Source Intelligence
💡False Positives
💡Image Authentication
Highlights
The video demonstrates how to identify tampered images, which is crucial in open source intelligence investigations.
Tampered images may have cloned, resized parts, or faces replaced with others.
Images can be modified to mask the disappearance of a section or to alter the lighting on a specific object.
Error level analysis is a tool to identify cloned sections within an image.
The nVid browser extension for Chrome performs a deeper analysis on target images.
Noise analysis can detect foreign elements in an image that are not part of the original.
Original images can be compared with tampered ones to confirm alterations.
Clone detection tool identifies identical regions in an image that may indicate editing.
Zooming into an image can reveal a clear line of demarcation between adjacent colors, indicating foreign elements.
Practicing with different tools is encouraged to improve image analysis skills.
False positives may occur during investigations, and image forensics experts can be consulted for deeper analysis.
Tampered images are commonly encountered in fields like politics and activism.
The video provides valuable insights for those in the field of cyber security and open source intelligence.
The presenter, Erica, invites viewers to join an online community for learning cyber security skills.
The video concludes with a call to action to like, share, and subscribe for more content on image analysis.
Transcripts
[Music]
hi there welcome to mcsi my name is
Erica in this video I will demonstrate
how you can identify tampered images
during an awesome investigation
have you watched the video on our
Channel where I introduce you to
analyzing images for open source
intelligence
if not you can find the link to it in
the description box below
during an Austin investigation it is
highly likely that you would analyze
images
some of those images may have been
modified or altered in some way
determining whether an image has been
tampered with or not is crucial as it
sometimes directs the course of the
entire investigation
first let us talk about the possible
ways in which an image may have been
tampered with a part of the image may be
cloned resized and placed within the
same image
part of another image may be placed on
the target image for example replacing
the face of one person in the image with
another person's face
a part of the image may have been
removed the image would be modified to
Mask The Disappearance of a section
the lighting on a specific object may
appear to be different from the rest of
the image make sure to observe the
differences in Shadows for all objects
in the image
minor corrections may have been made to
the Target image this is typically in
the form of removing blemishes or
removing articles like bags that the
target is holding in the picture
[Music]
now that you have an idea about the
possible ways in which an image may have
been tampered with let us utilize
special tools to process some pictures
this is the first image that we will
analyze
at first glance nothing appears out of
the ordinary
we will use this image analysis tool
called forensically to analyze the image
this tool is made up of multiple other
tools to perform various types of
analysis on the target image
the first tool we will use is error
level analysis if any sections of the
image are clones that is one section has
been copy formed this image or another
one this tool will help us identify it
now we will move the jpeg quality slider
all the way to 99.
we can see that the outline of this bird
on the top right stands out from the
rest of the image
when any section of the image has been
cloned from another the error level
analysis tool will highlight it with a
bright color
let's process the same image using the
nvid browser extension for Chrome
navigate to the image forensic section
and upload the target image for analysis
[Music]
this tool performs a deeper analysis on
the target image
we can see that the section where the
bird exists on the top right appears
extremely bright
[Music]
now let's compare the tampered image
with the original one
[Music]
we can see that the bird on the top
right has been added later on our image
analysis tools helped hypothesize and
confirm that we are dealing with a
tampered image
let's try another one
this image appears to be of a water body
however you can observe two shadows in
the middle
[Music]
let's use forensically to observe if
this image has been tampered with
this time we will use the noise analysis
tool when an image contains foreign
elements that are not part of the
original image like cloned portions then
the image is said to have noise
if noise or foreign elements are
detected in an image the noise analysis
tool would identify it as distinct spots
on the image
you can also move the slider to view the
noise in the image this image appears to
have a distinct spot in the middle
nvid has also identified that the image
contains a spot in the center
it appears that this image has been
tampered with
let's take a look at the original image
The Boatman in the middle has been
edited out of the image
now I will show you the original image
in forensically
when the noise analysis tool is used
against it observe how the original
image appears there are no abnormal
spots in the image you can follow the
outline of the characters
If You observe noise in an image it is
highly likely that the image has been
tampered with
let's try another one
this appears to be an entrance to a
rock-like structure
when error level analysis is performed
there seems to be a triangle above the
doorway
a preliminary analysis with the noise
analysis tool does not indicate anything
odd
foreign
we can see the same spot above the
doorway
it is possible that the image had been
edited
here is the original image
there had been a triangle above the
doorway other sections of the image may
have been used to cover up the triangle
section
our image analysis tools picked up this
change
[Music]
let's find out if this image had been
tampered with
we will run the Clone detection tool
this tool takes some time to complete
its analysis
identical regions in an image are joined
together by lines
we can see that the two trees visible in
front are clones of each other
here is the original image
the tree on the right is the cloned one
now consider this image
it is quite evident that the yellow line
here has been added into the image it is
not part of the original one
we will use the magnifier tool to hover
over the image
now we are zooming into the section
where the line coincides with the sky
we can see a clear line of demarcation
between the two colors yellow and blue
however between elements of the same
image even in the presence of two
different colors that are adjacent to
each other one color would blend into
the other there is no clear line of
demarcation
only when external elements have been
added to an image you can observe a
separate line when you zoom into the
image
if you suspect that foreign elements
have been added to the Target image you
can zoom into that section to observe
how the pixels of two adjacent colors
exist
you can also adjust the level of
magnification
you can download data sets of tampered
images from different websites to
practice identifying tampered images
I encourage you to practice using
different tools
bear in mind you may also encounter
false positives
during an investigation the Austin
professional typically performs a high
level analysis on the target image if
deeper analysis is required an image
forensics expert can be called in
when conducting Austin investigations on
Targets in fields like politics and
activism you would encounter tampered
images on a regular basis
I hope you have a good idea now about
how tampered images can be identified
if you like this video please hit like
and share this video on social media
don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube
channel to receive more videos like this
one
join our online community of students
learning useful cyber security skills if
you haven't already to register for a
free account right away go to our
website
happy learning and see you soon
[Music]
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