Science, Technology & Society. BIODIVERSITY part 2
Summary
TLDRThe lecture discusses the Philippines' status as one of the world's 18 mega-diverse countries, with 70-80% of its species unique to the nation. It highlights factors contributing to this biodiversity, such as tropical climate, diverse topography, and isolation. Despite this richness, the country is also a biodiversity hotspot due to threats like habitat destruction, overexploitation, deforestation, and climate change. The talk also explores technological advancements aiding biodiversity conservation, including mapping, remote photography, gene sequencing, and the use of drones for ecological monitoring.
Takeaways
- 🌏 The Philippines is recognized as one of the 18 Megadiverse countries, hosting around 70-80% of the world's plant and animal species.
- 🌱 The country ranks fifth in terms of plant species diversity and maintains 5% of the world's flora.
- 🏞️ The Philippines' rich biodiversity is attributed to its variety of ecosystems, species, and genetic makeup, as well as its tropical climate and diverse topography.
- 🐦 Approximately 50% of the species found in the Philippines are endemic, meaning they cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
- 🏔️ The country's location as an archipelago and its elevation contribute to the high biodiversity, with unique species found in highland areas.
- ⚠️ Despite its biodiversity richness, the Philippines is considered a biodiversity hotspot due to the alarming rate of habitat destruction and species endangerment.
- 🏗️ Factors contributing to the decline in biodiversity include urbanization, industrialization, overexploitation of natural resources, deforestation, and climate change.
- 🔭 Technological advancements such as Google Earth and remote photography have been instrumental in mapping, visualizing, and monitoring biodiversity and its threats.
- 📸 Remote measurement tools like stereo camera systems allow for precise observations and measurements of species like sharks and crocodiles without direct contact.
- 💉 Gene sequencing technology is used to identify pathogens and understand the biology of organisms, which is crucial for disease treatment and prevention.
- 🌍 The script highlights the drastic changes in Earth's appearance from 1978 to 2017, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts to ensure a habitable planet for future generations.
Q & A
What is the status of biodiversity in the Philippines?
-The Philippines is one of the 18 Mega-diverse countries in the world, containing about 70 to 80% of the Earth's biodiversity and between 70 to 80% of the world's plant and animal species. It ranks fifth in the number of plant species and maintains 5% of the world's flora.
Why is the Philippines considered rich in biodiversity?
-The Philippines is rich in biodiversity due to its variety of ecosystems, species, and genetic makeup within species. Its location as an archipelago provides a multitude of resources for organisms, with many islands believed to have a great number of endemic organisms both on land and in water.
What percentage of species found in the Philippines are endemic?
-50% of the total species, or 50% of the 5,170 species found in the Philippines, cannot be found in any other parts of the world.
What are the geographical and ecological characteristics that contribute to the Philippines' biodiversity?
-The Philippines is located in the tropics where the climate supports high levels of organic productivity. Its highly heterogeneous topography varies from mountain ranges to coral reefs, providing a multitude of habitats for plants and animals.
Why is the Philippines considered a biodiversity hotspot?
-The Philippines is considered a biodiversity hotspot due to the alarming rate of destruction and loss of important resources. Many species from different groups are being threatened, and the country is undergoing modernization which leads to the conversion of forests and wild ecosystems into urban and industrial areas.
What are the technological advancements that support biodiversity?
-Technological advancements supporting biodiversity include better mapping and visualization, remote photography and videography, remote measurement tools, conservation drones, and gene sequencing.
How does Google Earth contribute to biodiversity conservation?
-Google Earth has been instrumental in locating organisms in specific regions or parts of the Earth. It helps in mapping and visualizing threats to the survival of organisms, allowing for better monitoring and conservation efforts.
What is the role of remote photography and videography in studying wildlife?
-Remote photography and videography allow for close observation and recording of wildlife behavior in their natural habitats without human interference. This is essential for learning about the needs and risks of endangered species.
How do conservation drones help in monitoring deforestation?
-Conservation drones equipped with camera sensors and GPS can map deforestation, making it easier to monitor and identify illegal logging activities. They provide a top-down view of areas that are difficult to access.
What is gene sequencing and how does it help in understanding biodiversity?
-Gene sequencing is used to identify pathogens and understand the biology of organisms. It is also used to confirm the grouping of organisms at the species level, which helps in disease diagnosis and understanding genetic predispositions.
How has the Earth's appearance changed from 1978 to 2017?
-The Earth's appearance has significantly changed from 1978 to 2017, with noticeable increases in temperature and extreme weather events. This change is indicative of the impact of climate change and the urgency to find ways to prolong the Earth's life for future generations.
Outlines
🌿 Introduction to Philippine Biodiversity
The script begins with a discussion on biodiversity, emphasizing the Philippines' status as one of the 18 mega-diverse countries. It contains about 70-80% of the world's plant and animal species and ranks fifth in plant species diversity. The country's rich biodiversity is attributed to its archipelagic nature, providing a variety of ecosystems and genetic makeup. It is also highlighted that 50% of the species found in the Philippines are endemic, not found anywhere else in the world, making it exceptionally rich in biodiversity.
🌍 Geographical and Ecological Factors of Biodiversity
This section delves into the geographical and ecological factors contributing to the Philippines' biodiversity. The country's tropical climate supports high organic productivity, providing necessary resources for a wide range of organisms. The varied topography, from mountain ranges to coral reefs, offers habitats for numerous species. The script also discusses the isolation created by separate islands and mountain ranges, contributing to the country's biodiversity. It mentions that the Philippines is a biodiversity hotspot due to the alarming rate of species destruction and habitat loss, with many species being threatened.
🏗️ Threats to Philippine Biodiversity
The script addresses the threats to the Philippines' biodiversity, including urbanization and industrialization, which lead to habitat loss. It discusses how forests are being converted into urban and industrial areas, causing species to disappear. Overexploitation of wildlife for foreign markets and the demand for forest products are also highlighted as significant threats. Deforestation, land degradation, and climate change are identified as additional factors contributing to the decline in biodiversity.
🔬 Technological Advancements in Biodiversity Conservation
This part of the script focuses on the role of technology in supporting biodiversity conservation. It mentions tools like Google Earth for mapping and visualization, which help in locating and monitoring organisms. Remote photography and videography are discussed as means to study wildlife in their natural habitats without disturbance. The use of stereo camera systems for precise measurements and conservation drones for mapping deforestation and counting organisms is highlighted. Lastly, gene sequencing is mentioned as a way to understand the biology of organisms and identify pathogens, which is crucial for disease treatment and prevention.
🌎 Impact of Climate Change on Future Generations
The final paragraph discusses the impact of climate change and the responsibility to preserve the Earth for future generations. It contrasts images of the Earth from 1978 and 2017, highlighting the increase in global temperatures and the melting of ice caps. The script challenges the audience to consider how to prolong the life of the Earth for the sake of future generations, urging action to prevent further degradation of the planet.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Biodiversity
💡Mega-diverse country
💡Endemic species
💡Biodiversity hotspot
💡Deforestation
💡Technological advancements
💡Gene sequencing
💡Remote photography and videography
💡Conservation drones
💡Overexploitation
Highlights
The Philippines is one of the 18 Mega-diverse countries in the world, containing 2% of the Earth's biodiversity.
The country ranks fifth in the number of plant species, maintaining 5% of the world's flora.
50% of the total species found in the Philippines cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
The Philippines' archipelagic nature contributes to its rich biodiversity.
The country's location in the tropics supports a high level of organic productivity.
The Philippines' topography, from mountain ranges to coral reefs, provides habitats for a multitude of species.
Isolation created by separate islands and mountain ranges contributes to the country's biodiversity.
Elevation plays a significant role in the biodiversity of the Philippines.
The Philippines is considered a biodiversity hotspot due to the alarming rate of destruction.
The country's modernization leads to the conversion of forests and wild ecosystems into urban and industrial areas.
Overexploitation of wild animals and forest products is a significant threat to biodiversity.
Deforestation and land degradation are major issues affecting biodiversity in the Philippines.
Climate change and population growth are additional factors impacting biodiversity.
Technological advancements such as Google Earth aid in mapping and visualizing biodiversity.
Remote photography and videography help study wildlife in their natural habitats.
Stereo camera systems have been developed for precise measurements of species for conservation efforts.
Conservation drones are used to map deforestation and monitor ecosystems.
Gene sequencing is used to identify pathogens and understand the biology of organisms.
Technological advancements have allowed for a better understanding of Earth's biodiversity and its changes over time.
The Earth's temperature has increased significantly from 1978 to 2017, indicating the impact of climate change.
Transcripts
[Musika]
[Musika]
[Musika]
[Musika]
[Musika]
[Musika]
[Musika]
Okay class I'm back with science
technology
society same same topic biodiversity
nasa part two na tayo so we have discuss
the introduction of Biodiversity What is
biodiversity and the type of diversity
sa part one now we are going to discuss
part two yyung status of status of the
Philippines biodiversity and the
technological advanced meth to support
the
biodiversity Okay let's start
[Musika]
[Musika]
[Musika]
[Musika]
Okay class
um pag sinab biodiversity Syempre we are
in archipelago di ba Ano na kaya ang
status ng biodiversity sa Pilipinas so
the Philippines is one of the 18 Mega
diverse country in the world containing
2s of the Earth biodiversity and between
70 to 80 of the world's plant and animal
species the Philippines rank fif in the
number of plants Uh number of plant
species and maintain 5% of the world's
Flora
um Bakit ba kasi ah kinonsider na ang
Pilipinas is nasa 18 Mega diverse
country in the world di ba Kasi we are
we are we we have been consider as Mega
divers because
yung we are rich in the variety of
ecosystem yung species and the genetic
makeup within the speci
species ito din Ay ano it was also
Driven na ang location natin is
archipelago which produces assortment of
resources for the
organism so maraming Islands ang
Pilipinas na pinaniniwalaan na Have a
great number of emic organism both sa
land and sa water Sa totoo lang ano 50%
ng total species or 50% of the 5,170
seven species found in the Philippines
cannot be found in on any other parts of
the world hindi niyo siya makikita sa
Pilipinas lang um This makes the
Philippines one of the richest country
in terms of
Biodiversity compare sa other country na
there are several Geographic and
ecological
characteristic na ang Pilipinas ay
mayaman sa biodiversity ito yung
sinasabi Dian na ah supporting the 70 to
80 of the species sa entire
planet ito yung ano Here are
some here are some
reasons reason
kung bakit
ah well diverse ang species sa world ng
Flora and fauna ng Pilipinas it is found
at the Philippines ' ba the Philippines
is found in a tropic in a tropical and
found na tropics where the climate
supports a high level of organic
productivity to provide the resources
needed by the interdependent organism to
survive
So yung yung init yung klima natin hindi
Gan kainit hindi din Gan
kalam sobrang lamig So yun din
nagsupport Bakit maraming
organism ang
nabubuhay so the Philippines is found in
the tropics pangalawa is that the
Philippines a
highly heterogenous and
topography so ang Pilipinas is
ecological yung Philippines ecological
location kasi varies from Mountain Range
to coral reef and ah everything in
between providing
a multitude of plants and animal species
more than yung yung space na kailangan
ng mga organisms to
to survive So yung yung mga Mountain
Range natin at saka ' ba sa first part
sa part one na-discuss natin doon
na yung yung Rainforest pa rin ang may
pinakamadaming organism so mayaman tayo
doon hanggang sa ilalim ng tubig ba sabi
natin do na um yung mga organisms hindi
pa nadi-discover
nasisira na because of climate change
but Sa totoo lang napakadami
talagang organisms na hindi pa
nadi-discover na nasa ilalim ng lupa or
nasa gitna ng rain forest so pangatlo
yyung isolation created by a separate
Island as well as the peak of Mountain
Range
yung diversity na sobrang hiwa-hiwalay
ng mga ng mga ano natin ng
mga tawag diyan Islands at saka ng mga
mountains because of the the location of
the Philippines yun din yung dahilan
bakit well diverse well distributed ang
species sa atin so number four is the
elevation the elevation has an influence
on Biodiversity So yung
productivity
productivity stressor such as the heat
and the atmospheric pressure decreases
while the other more or The Other more
life supporting factors such as humidity
' ba Iyung iung ah ah temperature or
yung mga droplets ng water sa land and
the rainfall increase
as as the elevation also increases so
ang Pilipinas is ah maganda ang
topography niya one one may find a
generous offering of biological
diversity especially in the
Highland So bakit ganon despite of
being known as the rich
biodiversity ang Pilipinas is also
considered as a ah biodiversity hotspot
Bakit biodiversity being Ay bakit
biodiversity hotspot Bakit ano ba ang
ini ah nagi imply no na hotspot ang
biodiversity ng Pilipinas because the
occurrence of the threatening or
alarming rate of Destruction and other
import for other important resource
nasisira na kasi so based on the report
yung foundation of the Philippine
environment the number of species from
different group are being threatened
Through The Years So merong mga bagay na
nag-cause ng ng Bakit kino-consider na
sobrang nasa hot spot tayo
ng biodiversity hot spot also why Why
the Philippines is considered as
biodiversity sabi diyan because we alam
naman natin na we are a growing growing
Nation ' ba
um developing or undergoing
modernization So yung forest and some
other wild ecosystem are being converted
into ah Ano
into ah urbanization and
Industrialization look at the picture on
the left ' ba yung mga forest natin
magaganda malalaki Mountain Range as we
have discussed a while ago pero because
of
urbanization and mod
Industrialization nawawala Nawawala yung
mga ibang species there na supposedly
meron tayo nawawala lalo so nasa hots
spot pa rin tayo ay nasa h spot pa rin
ang biodiversity natin So what else sabi
diyan ' ba sabi dito over
exploitation Bakit over exploitation
look at the picture the ba the wild
animals are in demands to foreign
customers o kaya iyung mga
um mga Bukod sa animals yung mga
produkto na gawa sa kahoy so talagang
aside from na- na rin ng animal yung
plants din natin and in the forest is
nagsuffer because of over
exploitation next is what sabi pangatlo
is deforestation Why deforestation look
at the
picture Industrialization
they need to cut down and to cut down
trees that becomes a necessity parang
kailangan nilang I putulin o tanggalin
It also includes the land degrade
degradation parang
nade-delay o ang yaman ng lupa because
of deforestation and last is the climate
change and population anyway
We are going to have a separate
discussion with climate change and the
Uh pollution as we go along with the
with the with our discussion so there
are also yung last topic natin the
technological
advancement that supports
biodiversity What are those so so meron
tayong mga mga technological advancement
Syempre technology for to support the
biodiversity What do you mean by better
mapping and visualization ' ba Iyung
Google Earth has been very instrumental
in in locating organisms
in the region or some part ng earth So
it is proven that that it is not just
the map to get a direction but It also
has a real tool to help to conserve and
preserve species and habitat so nakikita
na agad So this software is powerful in
mapping and visualizing threat to the
survival of those organism so
namo-monitor na natin through mapping
better mapping and visualization for the
organism Saan ba sila talaga matatagpuan
and ito yung ginagawa nila o pangalawa
is the remote
Photography and videography getting
closer getting up up close and recording
the details of the behavior of Wild Life
in their natural habitat are essential
to learn about the needs and risk of
endangered species ba kanina sabi natin
hindi na alam kasi We are just
experimenting We are just ah kumbaga
Kumukuha lang tayo Nam mga impormasyon
tungkol sa mga
microorganisms sa laboratory kasi hindi
naman natin na-explore yung totoong
habitat nila Pero with this kind of
photography and videography yung may mga
remote control
na makikita na natin yyung mga bacterias
or microorganism in their natural
habitats and also halimbawa Iyung Mga
Agila ' ba Mga Agila hindi na hindi
na may mga cameras or remote control na
para picturan sila Ano na nangyayari so
they are in their natural habitat so
Iyung remote measurement tools What do
you mean by remote measurement tools
Iyung stereo camera system has developed
to get up close observe and take precise
measurement among some species such as
the shark and crocodile for conservation
of each research effort and this is a
high hightech Uh tools that gives
measurement with great accuracy
without actual being in the contact with
the animal
and and others kasi ' ba sabi nga natin
during our discussion dati when dati
kapag ang Man go to the Moon or went to
the Moon parang one way lang wala ng
balikan kasi mahirap
bumalik because of the risk ng life nila
doon hindi alam kung anong meron doon So
ngayon hindi na so they have the remote
measurement tool Kung halimbawa instead
of yung crocodile na
[Musika]
ime-meet nila pang video kung nasan man
sila on their natural habitat ito pa
yung maganda ang number four natin yung
conservation drone kasi ba ang drone are
very helpful for the military in the
warship they are also currently used for
exposing the top view of the of a scenic
spot of visual entertainment recently
yung mga ecologist and the biologist and
other science
created a conservation drone to complete
the camera sensor and GPS to map the
deforestation kaya kaya Hindi na
masyadong Mahirap mag ah malaman O nasan
ba yang mga nagkakaingin sino ba nag ah
nagpuputol ng mga puno na Walang permit
di ba namo-monitor na especially the
danr which is under their
um under their ano
yung kumbaga jurisdiction na i-control
So ano ba ang ibig sabihin ng DNR
Department of ano energy and natural
resources so Moreover it is yung yung
drone it is used Uh to count the
organisms in a in an
ecosystem ba makikita na natin So last
is the Gene sequencing Ito naman under
understanding the nature of pathogen
yung mga mga sakit bakit bakit
magkakasakit so diseases among animal is
important for the right treatment so
Gene sequencing ised to identify yung
pathogen so scientist are now using
hightech or Gene sequencing machine to
understand the to understand the biology
of of an organism it is also Likewise
used to confirm the grouping of organism
in their species level So hindi na
mahirap mag mag
mag determine ng diseases kung sino yung
ano
ah Ano ba to um kumbaga lahi ba yan ' ba
kasi makikita na o kaya naman sa
magkakapatid due to this Uh gen
sequencing kung carrier ng ng cancer
cells ang parent Sinong anak ang pwedeng
magkaroon ng cancer so nade-detect na
nila yon So because of the Gene
sequencing so di ba with the with the
technological advancement makikita na
natin ang Earth ' ba ito yung top view
Papakita ko sa inyo yung top view ng
earth
1978
and 2017 the year when Uh some of you
are born di ba or mga years old na
siguro kayo or mga ilang taon na kayong
2017 ay matatanda na kayo meron na
kayong mga teens na kayo nito so ito
yung picture 1978 kapanahunan ng mga
magulang natin di
ba nae-enjoy nila ang ganda ng Earth and
ito na yung
2017 mararamdaman na natin ng init and
worst things guys it pa the Earth Where
your children will live from Uh from
this picture ito yung next Look at that
ba kung Itong 1960s mga parents natin
yung 2023 Is Our Time look yung yung
sobrang init yung sobrang yelo mga
natutunaw na ba and how much more sa
panahon ng mga anak ang mga anak-anak
natin
during their time so sa
2016 So you better um think of a way how
to prolong the life of the Earth para
maabutan pa ng mga anak natin kahit ito
man lang mga yung Earth ng 2023 image h
nating hayaang mag sa
2060 earth
qu for part 3 Okay good day guys
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