Materi Ilmu Komunikasi : Definisi Komunikasi Politik

Summary

In this political communication session, the discussion revolves around defining politics and political communication. Politics is defined by Harold Lasswell as 'Who gets What, when, and how,' emphasizing the patient nature of political activities. Political communication, as per Har, involves a communicator discussing certain matters through various channels, highlighting the importance of the target audience and the message's impact. The session explores the intricate relationship between politics and communication, illustrating how politicians achieve goals through persuasive communication, and the role of communication in forming public opinion and resolving conflicts within the political sphere.

Takeaways

• 😀 The meeting discusses the definition of politics and political communication, emphasizing their importance in understanding the scope of study.
• 📚 Harold Lasswell's definition of politics is 'Who gets What, When, and How', highlighting the actors, objectives, and processes involved.
• 🗣️ Political communication is about how a communicator achieves goals within the political sphere, differing from regular communication by its focus on gaining electoral support.
• 🔗 The connection between politics and communication is intrinsic, with politics often viewed as a耐心等待的 activity due to the time it may take to achieve objectives.
• 📬 Communication channels, such as WhatsApp or email, play a significant role in political communication, influencing the message's meaning and effectiveness.
• 🎯 Political marketing involves identifying the target audience to ensure messages are effectively tailored and delivered.
• 💡 The effectiveness of political communication is crucial; campaigns with substantial funding can still fail if the communication strategy is not impactful.
• 🌐 Politics involves a variety of activities within a system or state, including setting goals, exercising power, and resolving conflicts.
• 🏛️ Governance and decision-making are central to politics, requiring wisdom in resource allocation and the ability to make choices among multiple alternatives.
• 🌟 Political communication can transform the impossible into possible, showcasing the power of strategic communication in achieving political goals.

Q & A

What is the definition of politics according to Harold Lasswell?

Harold Lasswell's definition of politics is 'Who gets What, when, and how.' This encapsulates the idea of who is involved in the political process, what they are trying to achieve, the timing of their actions, and the methods they use to achieve their goals.

How is communication in politics different from communication in general?

Communication in politics is specifically directed towards achieving influence or power, often involving messages that are political in nature and actors related to governance and policy. It is strategic and aims to sway public opinion, create consensus, or resolve conflicts within the political sphere.

What are the key components of political communication according to the transcript?

The key components of political communication include the communicator, the message, the channel of communication, the audience, and the effect or outcome of the communication. It also involves the use of symbols and the integration of attitudes and behaviors into the political system.

What is the role of power and authority in politics as mentioned in the script?

Power and authority in politics are essential for implementing goals, resolving conflicts, and facilitating cooperation. A politician without access to power and authority cannot effectively bring about change or influence the decision-making process within the political system.

How does the script define political wisdom in the context of politics?

Political wisdom, as discussed in the script, refers to the ability to allocate resources wisely. It involves making decisions on the distribution of resources such as natural resources or human resources, ensuring that they are not concentrated in the hands of a single individual or group.

What is the significance of decision-making in politics as per the transcript?

Decision-making in politics is significant as it involves selecting from various alternatives and setting priorities among multiple goals. It is a process that leads to the selection and implementation of policies that affect the public and the governance of a nation or region.

How does political communication influence public opinion and behavior according to the script?

Political communication influences public opinion and behavior by shaping attitudes and integrating them into the political system. It uses symbols and messages to persuade, inform, or mobilize the public, thereby affecting their political behavior and decisions.

What is the importance of understanding the target audience in political communication?

Understanding the target audience in political communication is crucial because it helps in tailoring the message to resonate with the audience's needs and concerns. It ensures that the communication is effective and reaches the intended recipients, leading to a better chance of influencing their opinions or actions.

How does the script differentiate between political communication and general communication?

The script differentiates political communication from general communication by emphasizing the strategic use of messages to achieve political goals, influence, or power. It involves actors, messages, and channels that are specifically related to political power, governance, and policy-making.

What are the potential consequences of ineffective political communication mentioned in the script?

Ineffective political communication can lead to a failure to achieve political goals, even with significant campaign spending. It might result in losing elections or not being able to influence public opinion or policy as intended, despite the resources invested.

How does the script suggest that political communication can transform the impossible into possible?

The script suggests that political communication has the power to transform the impossible into possible by creating a narrative or consensus that supports a particular political goal or policy. It can mobilize support, change public perception, and ultimately influence the political landscape to make previously unlikely outcomes achievable.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Introduction to Political Communication

The first paragraph introduces the topic of political communication and its definition. It discusses the importance of understanding politics and communication in the political sphere. The speaker outlines the agenda for the session, which includes defining politics and political communication. It references Harold Lasswell's definition of politics as 'Who gets What, when, and how,' emphasizing the roles of communicators, the objectives they seek, and the timing of political activities. The paragraph also touches on the difference between ordinary people's and politicians' objectives and the importance of communication channels in political communication.

05:02

📚 Deep Dive into Politics and Communication

The second paragraph delves deeper into the concepts of politics and communication. It explains politics as a series of activities within a system or state that involves determining and implementing goals. The paragraph discusses the importance of public goals, power, authority, and the resolution of conflicts in politics. It also covers the concept of wisdom in politics, which includes the allocation of resources and decision-making. The speaker then defines political communication as directed communication aimed at achieving a certain influence, binding citizens through shared sanctions, and shaping public opinion and behavior. The paragraph concludes by emphasizing the interconnectedness of politics and communication.

10:04

🗣️ The Dynamics of Political Communication

The third paragraph focuses on the dynamics of political communication, highlighting its role in connecting those who govern with those who are governed. It discusses the importance of communication in politics, including the dissemination of relevant political information and the influence it has on societal and political systems. The paragraph also mentions Gabriel Almond's view on political communication as a constant function in every political system, involving interest in political issues, rule-making, and actions. The speaker emphasizes that politics inherently involves communication, as it is about influencing or gaining power, which is the main goal of both politics and communication. The paragraph ends with an invitation for participants to define political communication based on their understanding and to discuss or ask questions about the topic.

Keywords

💡Politics

Politics refers to activities within a system or state that involve the process of determining the goals of that system and implementing those goals. In the video, politics is defined by Harold Lasswell's concept of 'Who gets What, when, and how,' emphasizing the distribution of power and resources. It is central to the theme as it discusses how political actors navigate the acquisition of power and influence.

💡Communication

Communication in the context of the video is the act of conveying information, ideas, or messages. It is integral to politics, as it involves the exchange of ideas and the persuasion of others. The video mentions that communication is not just about speaking but also about the channels and audiences involved, highlighting its importance in political discourse.

💡Political Communication

Political communication is the process by which political actors convey messages to influence public opinion, policy, and behavior. The video discusses this concept extensively, noting that it involves strategic messaging and the use of various channels to reach different audiences. It is a key mechanism through which politicians achieve their goals and is central to the video's exploration of political strategy.

💡Influence

Influence is the capacity to have an effect on someone or something. In the video, it is discussed in relation to how politicians use communication to sway public opinion and achieve their objectives. It is a fundamental aspect of political power and is closely tied to the effectiveness of political communication.

💡Power

Power, as mentioned in the video, is the ability to control or direct people and events. It is a critical element in politics, where it is often used to achieve goals and resolve conflicts. The video emphasizes that without power, a politician's ability to enact change is limited, making it a central concept in understanding political dynamics.

💡Public Opinion

Public opinion refers to the collective view of a group of people, which can be shaped by political communication. The video touches on how politicians must consider public opinion in their strategies, as it can significantly impact their success. It is a crucial factor in the broader political landscape that the video discusses.

💡Media Channels

Media channels are the various platforms through which messages are disseminated, such as television, radio, and social media. The video discusses the importance of selecting the appropriate channel for political communication, as it can affect the message's reach and impact. It is a key component in the strategic use of communication in politics.

💡Persuasion

Persuasion is the act of convincing someone to do or believe something. In the video, it is mentioned as a tool that politicians use to gain support and influence others. It is an essential aspect of political communication, where the goal is often to change or reinforce beliefs and actions.

💡Conflict Resolution

Conflict resolution is the process of resolving disputes between conflicting parties. The video mentions that politicians must often resolve conflicts and that communication plays a vital role in this process. It is a key aspect of governance and is closely related to the broader theme of managing power and influence in politics.

💡Campaigning

Campaigning refers to the activities undertaken by political candidates to win elections. The video discusses the role of communication in campaigning, emphasizing the need for effective messaging to gain electoral support. It is an example of how political communication is used to achieve specific political goals.

💡Public Interest

Public interest is the common good or welfare of the public as a whole. The video mentions that politicians often act in the name of the public interest, which is a central theme in discussions about the motivations and responsibilities of those in power. It is a concept that underpins much of the discourse on politics and governance.

Highlights

The meeting discusses the definition of politics and political communication.

Harold Lasswell's definition of politics is introduced as 'Who gets What, When, and How'.

The importance of understanding the scope of political studies is emphasized.

Politics is described as a patient activity because outcomes are not always immediate.

The difference between how politicians and regular people achieve goals is highlighted.

The definition of political communication is explored, involving the communicator, message, channel, and audience.

The uniqueness of each communication channel and its impact on the message is discussed.

The concept of political marketing and understanding the target market is introduced.

The importance of knowing the audience for political communication is emphasized.

The relationship between political communication and the acquisition of power by politicians is explained.

The potential waste of campaign funds despite communication efforts is mentioned.

Politics involves various activities within a system or state to determine and implement goals.

The role of public goals, power, and authority in politics is discussed.

The necessity of wisdom in resource allocation within politics is highlighted.

Decision-making in politics involves selecting from multiple alternatives and prioritizing goals.

Political communication is defined as communication aimed at achieving influence.

The role of symbols in forming political attitudes and behaviors within a political system is explained.

Communication politics involves political messages and actors related to power, government, and policy.

Gabriel Almond's view on political communication as a constant function in every political system is presented.

The transcript concludes with an invitation for participants to define political communication based on their understanding.

The session ends with a hope that the meeting is beneficial and serves as a stimulus for learning to become a political communicator.

Transcripts

Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh pada pertemuan kali ini

pertemuan komunikasi politik bersama teman-teman

mahasiswa pada sesi pertama ini kita membahas tentang definisi politik dan

definisi komunikasi politik sebelum masuk ke materi

selanjutnya kita perlu tahu dua hal yang penting yang pertama Apakah definisi

dari politik yang kedua misi dari komunikasi politik karena kedua hal

tersebut menjadi dasar kita mengetahui bagaimana ruang lingkup

nantinya studi kita mulai yang pertama jadi eh politik

itu menurut dari definisi dari Harold Lasswell jadi teman-teman lihat Bagaimana

who gets What when and how itu definisi dari politik jadi Who itu komunikator

kita semua sebagai aktor dari

politik yang kedua adalah mendapatkan apa jaditik itu

aktivitas ketika kita mendapatkan sesuatu Apa

itual itu kapan jadi bisa jadi dulu kalau du Nam

nanti makanya politik itu terkadang kita melihatnya e politik itu adalah

aktivitas yang sabar karena terkadang kita tidak langsung mendapatkan sesuatu

tapi suatu saat itu Bu dan selanjutnya adalah

bagaimana Jadi seorang komunikator akan mendapat sesuatu ya mendapat satu kapan

Dan bagaimanaanya inilah yang senya yang

nanyaan kita bahas pada sesesi selanjutnya Jadi bagaimana seorang

politisi mendapatkan apa yang mereka mau Walaupun ada banyak hal jadi

perbedaannya antara kita dengan politisi adalah kita mendapatkan apa Jadi kalau

misalkan kita kita melakukan sesuatu itu kan tidak untuk memperoleh elektabilitas

itu berbeda kalau kita mendapatkan elek kan

bukan tapi kalau politisi itu ada hubungan sama itu dan

lalu selanjutnya adalah Apa definisi dari

komunikasi komunikasi itu menurut Har adal ini adalah

komunikator lalu membicarakan apa berbicara tentang

apa say say in Channel pada

salurananan itu punya e keunikan masing-masing dan pesannya itu sangat

bergantung dengan saluran apa yang dipakai misalkan teman-teman menggunakan

WhatsApp dengan email itu artinya beda lalu to kepada siapa J teman-teman

udah pakai Who udah pakai udah apa ya namanya say what udah in with channel

lalu harus jelas pemetaannya kepada siapa Oh kepada orang lain si orang

lainnya itugetnya siapah karena itu marketing politik marketing pun kita

Peru Mencari tahu siapa target market kita karena kalau tidak kita akan hanya

magikan pesan kepada orang r dan yang terakhir

with dengan efek Apa jadi ketika kita sudah Mar sesuu dengan

meduu kepada sia kitauseknya Seperti

apa jadi komunikasi politik itu ada kaitannya dengan ee ketika seorang

politisi memperoleh sesuatu dengan cara apa hownya itu komunikasi juga bisa

masuk di situ Iya kan jadi komunikasi bisa masuk di

situ dengan cara apa dan efeknya itu apa jangan-jangan ketika sudah Ee

menghabiskan dana kampanye miliaran tapi ternyata masih kalah aja di di pemilihan

umum ternyata lawannya lebih gede ya tapi itu jadi who gets What when dan how

itu politik sedangkan komunikasi adalah Who say in Channel to

with agak berbeda tapi sebenarnya S sangat beririsan

ya lalu definisi politik itu menurutam

buaro bermacam-macam kegiatan dalam suatu sistem tik atau negara yang

menyangkut proses menentukan tujuan-tujuan dari sistem itu dan

melaksanakan tujuan-tujuan itu

jadi di dalamnya dalam suatu sistem politik atau kita sebut negara itu ada

proses dan ada bermacam-macam kegiatan untuk suatu tujuan tadi yang kita sebut

tujuan ya yang pertama kita mulai dariwah ada

tujuanik di menyangut kelompok dalam partai politik Jadi bukan individu

tujuannya publik masyarakat jadi makanya politisi sering menyebutkan kata

masyarakat karena e hubungannya dengan publik lalu yang kedua adalah kekuasaan

dan kewenangan kekuasaan dan kewenangan

Akhirnya bisa mewujudkan kerja sama dan resolusi konflik dalam proses jadi

misalkan e seorang politisi dia enggak punya akses cuman punya ingin membuat

perubahan tapi dia ggak punya kekuasaan dan kewenangan itu tidak bisa kerja sama

perlu resolusi konflik perlu jadi membutuhkan persuasi dan paksaan makanya

politisi itu bisa memaksa tanpa paksaan ini semua hanya

sebuah perumusan keinginan kalian ingin merubah suatu bangsa tapi kalian tidak

punya kekuasaan dan kemenangan itu cuman kalian ingin ingin merubah bangsa ini

tapi kalian tidak punya kekuasaan dan kemenangan gitu ya Jadi sebelumnya ada

tujuan publik dan kekuasaan dan kewenangan itu penting vital itu yang

kedua selanjutnya adalah kebijaksanaan umum ada pengaturan dan pembagian atau

alokasi dari sumber yang ada Jadi kalau misalkan ya kita ada suatu

ee apa namanya dalam sudah punya kekuasaan dan kewenangan kita harus bisa

membagi sebagai contoh kalau misalkan ee ada

delegasi ada suatu sumber misalkan kayak sumber daya alam mau kita bagi mau kita

apa alokasikan tidak semuanya ke misalkan ya

ke satu orang kan enggak seperti itu atau sumber daya manusia kita selahkan

ke satu orang tidak di sini ada kebijaksanaan suatu kota itu pasti punya

potensi banyak sekali sebagai contoh misalkan e di Klaten itu banyak sekali

Umbul itu adalah potensi Nah ini perlu alokasi makanya seorang politisi itu

harus punya kebijaksanaan yang terakhir adalah apa pengambilan keputusan jadi

ada Ketika kita melihat di lapangan ada banyak sekali alternatif Nah ada juga

penyusunan skala prioritas dari tujuan semua tujuan banyak sekali misalkan satu

kota aja banyak sekali Nah akhirnya ada seleksi dan itu akhir pengambilan

keputusan jadi pengambilan keputusan itu adalah artinya

seleksi jadi memilih kalau kalian memutuskan tanpa

m itu hal yang aneh karena kalau kalian sesuatu punya keinginan untuk memutuskan

tapi kalian cuman ada satu alterna sat pilihan itu bu mutuskan Nah inik se

itu lalu definisi komunikasi politik banyak sekali ini saya rangkum ya ada

beberap yang pertama dari dank

yangbkan k atau politisasi berbicara Nanti kalian bisa cek ya di di

materi yang saya bagikan yang kedua Dar as s Susanto komunikasi yang diarahkan

pada pencapaian suatu pengaruh sedemikian rupa sehingga pada Masalah

yang dibahas oleh jenis kegiatan komunikasi ini Dapat mengikat semua

warganya melalui suatu sanksi yang ditentukan bersama

olehag-lagak jadi tentang mengikat ya Arin pembicaraan untuk mempengaruhi

dalam kehidupan bernegara seni mendesain apa yang mungkin dan bahkan yang tidak

mungkin menjadi mungkin jadi politik itu kalau teman-teman ingat Bagaimana

seorang politisi itu bisa membuat suatu keputusan yang sangat Wow dan itu karena

ada Politik Politik Itu bisa membuat memunculkan suatu yang tidak mungkin

menjadi mungkin karena semuanya mungkin lalu

ke roh ha Har dan Sumarno ap suatu proses dan kegiatan-kegiatan membentuk

sikap ini sikap ya dan perilaku politik yang terintegrasi ke dalam suatu sistem

politik dengan menggunakan simbol-simbol yang berarti ini agak komunikasi banget

ya kalau yang atas tadi itu ada yang memang menyebutkan berbicara tapi memang

ada yang tentang bagaimana masyarakatnya Bagaimana membentuk masyarakat dan warga

tapi memang ada definisi yang mulai mengarah ke komunikasi ya Lalu ada

definisi komunikasi politik selanjutnya komunikasi politik melibatkan

pesan-pesan politik dan aktor-aktor politik atau berkaitan dengan kekuasaan

pemerintahan dan kebijakan pemerintah nah lagi-lagi tentang aktor tentang

kekuasaan pemerintahan dan kebijakan lalu komunikasi politik dapat dibamis

sebagai komunikasi antara yang memerintah dan diperintah ini simpel ya

kalau misalkan komunikasi politik itu berarti yang memerintah dan diperintah

ya Lalu ada Rus dan alt komunikasi politik sebagai proses di mana informasi

politik yang relevan diteruskan dari suatu bagian sistem politik kepada

bagian lainnya serta di antara sistem sosial dan sistem politik ini ada sistem

sosial dan sistem politik ada istilah baru ya Lalu ada Gabriel Almond

komunikasi politik adalah salah satu fungsi yang selalu ada dalam setiap

sistem politik berkaitan dengan ketertarikan mengenai isu-isu politik

pembuatan peraturan politik aturan politik dan aturan-aturan lainnya yang

melibatkan proses serta tindakan komunikasi jadi ada banyak banget ya

definisinya jadi eh dari awal aja komunikasi politik komunikasi yang

artinya apa Who itu tadi ya Ada juga politik yang artinya kita dapat apa itu

Kapan itu semua terangkum dalam dalam beberapa definisi ini dan sedikit ada

pengembangan jadi teman-teman Saya kira dengan ee kuliah pertama ini kalian akan

bisa mendefinisikan arti komunikasi politik

menurut apa yang teman-teman pahami jadi ee Ini kan selanjutnya saya

akan apa namanya menunjukkan Bagaimana komunikasi dan politik itu yang

berbeda Komunikasi itu mencakup politik karena hampir seluruh kegiatan

berpolitik selalu terjadi melalui komunikasi si Iya kan jadi politik itu

pasti ada komunikasinya enggak mungkin ya seorang pendiam tiba-tiba jadi

presiden tiba-tiba jadi Bupati Enggak mungkin dia hanya diam setiap hari tanpa

berurusan dengan orang lain itu Yang namanya politik itu butuh

komunikasi ada bentuknya misalkan konflik konflik orang

berkonflik itu juga butuh komunikasi dan istilah politik itu sangat erat dengan

hubungannya dengan konflik ada juga resolusi ya Ada konsensus

ketika Oh ada konflik ada konsensus ada kompromi kompromi itu kadang-kadang

tidak mengenakkan nah pada akhirnya kita akan apa istilahnya berbicara berdiskusi

mana Enaknya gimana lu lalu politik itu meliputi komunikasi Karena tujuan utama

dari komunikasi adalah sama dengan politik yaitu pengaruh atau kekuasaan

jadi teman-teman di sini ya mungkin kalau teman-teman lihat orang

yang pintar Komunikasi itu adalah orang yang pintar untuk membangun suatu

pengaruh dan kekuasa itu kan lihat ya Dar kebiasaan

dari tem-an mungkin yang ketikaintar maka dia akan bisa cender Par seringeng

yaara perpadu

sama-sama cara lalu pengaruh di mana tujuan

komunikasi adalah sama dengan politik yaitu pengaruh atau kekuasaan Jadi dua

hal ini komunikasi dan politik itu sangat erat sekali

Nah dengan berbagai pandangan yang saya berikan tadi saya yakin teman-teman bisa

mendefinisikan jadi ada semacam ee

semacam pemantik ya istilahnya pemantik buat teman-teman kira-kira coba

teman-teman Jelaskan ulang apa yang saudara pahami tentang komunikasi

politik dan berikan contoh jadi komunikasi politik itu seperti apa

teman-teman bisa ee memberikan penjelasan atau mungkin ada pertanyaan

ya Ada pertanyaan bisa komentar di bawah komentar di bawah sini ya komentar di

bawah sini nah kira-kira eh apa komunikasi politik menurut teman-teman

teman-teman mahasiswa Tentunya saya kira untuk pertemuan kali

ini saya cukupkan di sini dan kita akan bertemu pada minggu depan melalui

e membahas tentang materi-materi lainnya Dan semoga pertemuan kali ini bermanfaat

Dan ini semua hanya sebagai pemantik untuk teman-teman belajar dan berproses

untuk menjadi komunikator politik saya kira Cukup sekian wasalamualaikum

warahmatullahi wabarakatuh