Value as an Element of Art. Part 2. Shading techniques. Value scale. Value application in Art.
Summary
TLDRThis video script delves into the art of shading, a technique crucial for adding depth and realism to drawings. It introduces various methods like hatching, cross-hatching, and stippling, each producing unique tonal effects. The script emphasizes the importance of using different grade pencils and the ten-tone value scale for mastering shading. It advises starting with the darkest values and highlights the role of the eraser as a tool. Shading not only enhances contrast and three-dimensionality but also creates drama and mood, setting the stage for exploring advanced techniques like chiaroscuro.
Takeaways
- 🎨 Shading is essential in art to create illusions of form, space, and light.
- 🖌️ Artists can choose from various shading techniques based on their preferred style and the effect they want to achieve.
- 📏 Hatching involves drawing parallel lines closely together for darker values and further apart for lighter ones.
- ✳️ Cross hatching overlays lines in different directions to create darker values based on the density of the lines.
- 🔄 Circling uses circular motions to create smooth tonal values by layering and varying pressure.
- 🖍️ Scribbling applies overlapping scribbles to create texture and value, ideal for certain subjects.
- 👐 Blending is done by adjusting pressure or using tools to create smooth transitions between values, but fingers should be avoided.
- 🌌 Stippling or pointillism builds up value with small dots, with the dot density determining the darkness.
- 📐 Cross contour lines follow the shape of the subject to support form and create value.
- ✏️ Erasers are as important as pencils or charcoal for creating lighter values and correcting mistakes.
- 📊 Using different grade pencils is crucial for achieving various values, with harder pencils for light strokes and softer ones for darker values.
- 📈 The ten-tone value scale is a modern tool for artists to visualize and discuss value increments.
- 🖋 Starting with the darkest value when shading helps as a reference and allows for easier control of lighter values.
- 🎭 Value can be used to emphasize importance, create 3D effects, show depth, change object appearances, and create drama and mood.
Q & A
What is the process of adding value in a drawing to create an illusion of form, space, and light called?
-The process is called shading.
What are the distinct results produced by different shading methods?
-Different shading methods produce distinct results that can be chosen based on the type of art one wants to create.
How does hatching as a shading technique work?
-Hatching involves drawing line strokes in the same direction, with closer strokes creating darker values and more space between strokes resulting in lighter values.
What is cross hatching and how does it determine the value it produces?
-Cross hatching involves lines crossing over each other, and the density at which the lines cross and overlap determines the value produced.
How does circling as a shading technique differ from hatching and cross hatching?
-Circling involves a loose application of continuous strokes with circular motions, and layering with different pressure generates a range of smooth tonal values.
What is scribbling in the context of shading, and how does it create texture?
-Scribble shading is a loose application of overlapping scribbles, which not only creates values but also gives a sense of texture.
Why should you not use your finger for blending in a drawing?
-Using your finger for blending can ruin the drawing as the oils on your skin mixed with graphite can make the shading look blotchy and hard to correct or erase.
What is stippling or pointillism in shading, and how does it build up darker values?
-Stippling or pointillism is a shading technique that applies countless small dots to build up darker values, with the density of the dots determining the value produced.
How does cross contour differ from other shading techniques?
-Cross contour involves lines following the shape of the subject to support the form, and it can be done in many different ways.
What role does an eraser play in the process of shading?
-An eraser is an equal drawing tool to pencil or charcoal, used for creating lighter values or erasing, and also for drawing.
Why is it recommended to start shading with the darkest value?
-Starting with the darkest value allows for easier control and adjustment of the rest of the values, as it's easier to darken an area than to lighten it once the pencil's maximum darkness is reached.
What is the significance of using different grade pencils for different values in shading?
-Different grade pencils are used for different values to produce delicate light strokes with hard pencils (H) and darker values with soft pencils (B), which is useful for sketching and details.
How does the ten-tone value scale help artists in shading?
-The ten-tone value scale helps artists visualize and discuss shading by using terms like 'one tone down' or 'one tone up', and it serves as a reference tool for choosing the right value.
What is the purpose of practicing a value scale in shading?
-Practicing a value scale helps in mastering value and shading techniques, and it's a great way to understand how the same value can look lighter or darker next to different backgrounds.
How can value be used to emphasize importance in an artwork?
-Value can be used to emphasize what's important by creating areas of contrast, making objects appear three-dimensional, and showing depth and space.
Outlines
🎨 Shading Techniques in Art
This paragraph introduces the concept of shading in art, which is the process of adding value to create an illusion of form, space, and light. It explains that artists can choose from various shading techniques such as hatching, cross-hatching, circling, scribbling, blending, stippling, and cross-contour. Each technique produces distinct results and is suitable for different types of art. The paragraph also emphasizes the importance of using different grade pencils for different values and the use of an eraser as a drawing tool. It concludes with a brief mention of the ten-tone value scale used by artists for visualizing and discussing shading.
🖌️ Mastering Value and Shading
The second paragraph delves into the practical application of shading, advising artists to start with the darkest values to avoid reaching the pencil's maximum darkness too soon, which could necessitate erasing and potentially ruin the artwork. It suggests using small strokes for better control and patterning. The paragraph discusses the artistic benefits of understanding value, such as emphasizing important elements, creating three-dimensionality, showing depth, altering object appearances, and creating drama and mood through chiaroscuro. It also hints at a forthcoming video that will explore this value technique in more depth.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Shading
💡Hatching
💡Cross Hatching
💡Circling
💡Scribble
💡Blending
💡Stippling
💡Cross Contour
💡Eraser
💡Value Scale
💡Chiaroscuro
Highlights
Shading is the process of adding value to create an illusion of form, space, and light in a drawing.
Artists can choose from various shading methods to achieve distinct results in their art.
Hatching involves drawing line strokes in the same direction to create darker or lighter values by adjusting the density.
Cross hatching overlays lines in different directions to determine the value produced.
Circling uses continuous strokes with circular motions to generate smooth tonal values.
Scribble shading creates values and texture through overlapping scribbles.
Blending is achieved by adjusting pressure or using tools like a blending stump, not fingers, to avoid ruining the drawing.
Stippling or pointillism builds up darker values with countless small dots.
Cross contour follows the shape of the subject with contour lines to support form.
Erasers are essential tools for creating lighter values and correcting shading.
Different grade pencils are used for different values, with harder pencils for light strokes and softer for darker values.
The ten-tone value scale is a modern tool for visualizing and discussing shading values.
Shading should start with the darkest value to use the medium to its maximum and serve as a reference for lighter values.
Small strokes are recommended for better control and layering in shading.
Value in art can emphasize importance, create three-dimensionality, show depth, and change the appearance of objects.
Chiaroscuro is a value technique that creates drama and mood in artwork, to be explored in the next video.
Transcripts
[Music]
the process of adding value
to create an illusion of form space and
light in a drawing
is called shading every artist will find
the shading method
that works best for them each method
produces a distinct result
and depending on what type of art you
want to create you can choose the one
that is appropriate for the task
there are many shading techniques here
are the most common
hatching line strokes are drawn in the
same direction
by drawing strokes closer together we
create
darker values leaving more space in
between
results in lighter values for rounded
objects the strokes may slightly curve
to follow the contours of the object
cross hatching lines cross over each
other
the density at which the line strokes
cross and overlap
determines the value that they produce
[Music]
circling is a loose application of
continuous strokes with circular motions
layering and applying different pressure
will generate a range of smooth tonal
values
[Music]
scribbling is just a loose application
of overlapping
scribbles scribbling is an excellent
technique to use when drawing specific
subjects
as it not only creates values but also
gives a sense of texture
blending smooth gradations of value
are produced either by adjusting the
amount of pressure applied to the medium
or by using a blending tool such as a
blending stump
never use your finger for blending the
oils on your skin
when mixed with graphite can ruin the
drawing as you rub the graphite into the
paper
that can make the shading look blotchy
and hard to correct or erase
[Music]
stippling or pointillism is a shading
technique by applying countless small
dots
to build up darker values in the drawing
the density of the dots
determines the value produced
[Music]
cross contour contour lines can be done
in many different ways but basically the
idea is to have the lines follow the
shape of what you're drawing
to support the form
[Music]
and don't forget that your eraser is an
equal drawing tool along with your
pencil or charcoal
use it for drawing as well as to create
lighter values or erase
[Music]
so here are the basic shading techniques
hatching
cross hatching circling scribbling
blending stippling cross contour
and erasing
[Music]
when shading use different grade pencils
for different values
pencils marked h2 h4
and so forth are heart pencils they
produce
delicate light strokes and are great for
light values and details
pencils marked from b to 8b
are soft they produce darker values and
are great for sketching
[Music]
in the modern age artists use a ten tone
value scale
value increases 10 at a time
most artists can visualize this scale
and use the terms like
one tone down or one tone up when
talking about shading
[Music]
value scale is a great reference tool
for choosing the right value
the same value looks lighter or darker
next to different backgrounds
shading a value scale is a great way to
practice your value and shading
techniques
always start shading with the darkest
value
the darkest value uses your medium to
its max
and you can use it as a reference for
the rest of the values
if you start with the darkest value of
the scale each next section should be
lighter than the previous
you can control it by pressure and
stroke density
if you need to adjust the tone it's
easier to darken it
just add more shading leave your last
section blank for white value
[Music]
but what happens if you start with the
lightest section
and move towards the dark values at some
point
you might reach the pencil's maximum
darkness
then what you would have to go back and
start erasing to lighten the values
which can ruin the stroke pattern and
create a mess
so to save time and effort it's always
best to start with the darkest value
and here is a shading tip for you small
strokes are easy to control while
shading
they create a better stroke pattern and
are easy to layer
so what can value do for you as an
artist
it can emphasize what's important
by creating areas of contrast
[Music]
make objects appear three-dimensional by
adding a range of tonal values
to create an illusion of light and
shadows
show depth and space by using value in
aerial perspective
making background objects less
contrasted
and lighter or darker in value based on
the light conditions
change the appearance of objects by
modifying lights and shadows
create drama and mood in an artwork by
using a value technique that is called
chiaroscuro
you will learn more about this value
technique in the next video
and now that you know how to use value
and how to shade you're ready for the
next step
you
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