SEPERTI INILAH BEDUNGAN LEUWIKERIS DIBUAT

MANUSIA PROYEK

27 Aug 202405:37

Summary

TLDRThe script discusses the construction of the Lewi Keris dam, highlighting its ability to hold back millions of cubic meters of water. It details the dam's zoning materials, with the core being a clay layer that prevents seepage. The construction process involves careful compaction with heavy machinery and the use of various materials like sand and aggregate from nearby quarries. The outermost layer, or riprap, protects the dam from erosion. The script also touches on the dam's social impact and its significance as a national engineering feat.

Takeaways

🌊 The dam is designed to withstand millions of cubic meters of water from the river.
🔍 The secret lies in the zoning of materials used in dam construction, with each zone serving a specific purpose.
🟤 The core of the dam consists of clay, characterized by a brown color and smooth texture, with a plasticity index over 15%.
🚫 Caution is needed as the clay is often accompanied by a coarser, whitish material with high permeability, which can lead to seepage.
🏗 The clay material is sourced from borrow areas 1.5 to 2.5 km away and compacted using heavy machinery.
🔧 The construction process involves multiple layers, including a fine filter zone to prevent piping and a coarse filter zone for drainage.
🏞 The rockfill zone provides counterweight to maintain the dam's stability against water and soil pressure, as well as seismic forces.
💥 Rockfill material is obtained through blasting at quarries, with specific configurations to ensure the right size for the dam's structure.
🌲 The random zone at the dam's base replaces some rockfill with a mix of hard and weak rocks, which can become finer due to weathering.
🛠 The outermost layer, the riprap, serves as a protective barrier against water impact, wave erosion, and rain, with interlocking stones installed manually.
🏗️ The construction of the Lewi Keris dam is a significant engineering achievement for Indonesia.

Q & A

What is the primary function of the core material in the embankment dam?
-The core material in the embankment dam serves as a waterproof layer, which is crucial for preventing the seepage of water through the dam.
What is the characteristic feature of the clay material used in the core zone?
-The clay material used in the core zone is characterized by its brown color, smooth texture, and a plasticity index (PI) of more than 15%.
Why is the material accompanying the core material referred to as 'toof'?
-The accompanying material is referred to as 'toof' because it has a slightly whitish color, coarser texture, and high permeability, which can potentially cause the core material to erode.
How far from the dam location is the borrow area for the core material located?
-The borrow area for the core material is located between 1.5 to 2.5 km from the dam site.
What machinery is used for spreading the core material during construction?
-A bulldozer of the Komatsu brand is used to spread the core material with a thickness of 30 cm.
What is the role of the fine and coarse filter zones in the dam?
-The fine and coarse filter zones act as drainage guides, directing seepage from the upstream to the downstream of the dam while preventing the fine particles from the core material from being washed out.
What are the maximum diameters for the materials used in the fine and coarse filter layers?
-The fine filter layer uses sand with a maximum diameter of 12.7 mm, while the coarse filter layer uses aggregate with a maximum diameter of 37.5 mm.
What is the purpose of the rockfill zone in the dam's structure?
-The rockfill zone serves as a counterweight to maintain the stability of the dam against water pressure, soil pressure, and seismic forces.
Where is the rockfill material sourced from and how is it obtained?
-The rockfill material is sourced from the Pangajar Quarry, which is 14 km away from the dam site, and is obtained using blasting methods with predetermined configurations.
What is the function of the random zone in the dam?
-The random zone replaces part of the rockfill material at the downstream end of the dam, providing the same function but with a mix of hard and weak rocks that can easily break down into finer particles.
How is the riprap layer installed and what is its purpose?
-The riprap layer is installed manually by workers, using stones ranging from 10 to 30 cm in size. It serves as the outermost layer of the dam, protecting it from water impact, waves, erosion, and rain.

Outlines

00:00

🌉 Construction Techniques of Lewi Keris Dam

The script discusses the construction of the Lewi Keris dam, focusing on the zoning materials used in its formation. The dam is designed to hold back hundreds of millions of cubic meters of water from the river. The core of the dam is made of clay, which serves as a waterproof layer. The clay used is of a brown color with a smooth texture and a plasticity index over 15%. Care must be taken as this clay is often accompanied by a coarser material with high permeability. The materials are sourced from specific locations and compacted using heavy machinery to achieve high productivity. The dam also includes filter zones to prevent piping and a rockfill zone for stability against water and soil pressure. The script also mentions the use of random materials and the importance of the outermost layer for protection against erosion. The construction process is continuous, with two shifts to avoid operator fatigue and ensure safety.

05:00

🚧 Safety and Social Considerations in Dam Construction

The second paragraph emphasizes the importance of safety and social considerations during the construction of the Lewi Keris dam. It highlights the need for critical location mapping, installation of warning signs, and the use of flagmen and other supporting instruments to prevent accidents. The dam's construction is described as a significant work for Indonesia, taking place near communities with diverse educational backgrounds. The script underscores the project's social impact and the importance of community engagement and safety measures to ensure the well-being of both workers and local residents.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Dam

A dam is a barrier constructed to hold back water or to control the flow of water from rivers or other water sources. In the context of the video, the dam is central to the discussion as it serves to hold back millions of cubic meters of water, highlighting its importance in water management and flood control.

💡Zoning Material

Zoning material refers to the strategic placement of different types of materials within the dam structure to ensure stability and functionality. The video script mentions that the dam's body is composed of various zoning materials, each with specific functions, which is crucial for the dam's structural integrity and water resistance.

💡Plasticity Index (PI)

The Plasticity Index is a measure of a soil's potential to change its volume when subjected to changes in moisture content. In the script, it is mentioned that the core material of the dam, the clay, has a PI greater than 15%, indicating its potential to expand or contract with changes in moisture, which is a critical factor in dam construction.

💡Permeability

Permeability is the ability of a material to allow fluids to pass through it. The script discusses the importance of permeability in the context of the dam's materials, particularly the filter materials that need to have low permeability to prevent the erosion of the dam's core by water.

💡Compaction

Compaction is the process of reducing the voids between soil, gravel, or other granular materials by applying pressure. The video script describes the compaction process using heavy machinery like bulldozers and rollers to ensure the dam's materials are tightly packed, which is essential for the dam's stability and water resistance.

💡Filter Zone

The filter zone in a dam is designed to prevent the passage of fine particles from the core into the surrounding materials, which could lead to piping and dam failure. The script explains the use of different filter materials with varying sizes of particles to create a barrier that allows water to pass while retaining the dam's core materials.

💡Rockfill

Rockfill refers to the use of large rocks or stones in the construction of the dam, typically in the outer layers to provide counterweight and stability. The script mentions rockfill materials being sourced from quarries and used in the dam's construction to ensure it can withstand water pressure and seismic activity.

💡Blasting

Blasting is a method of breaking rock by using explosives. The script describes the use of blasting to extract rockfill materials from quarries, which is then used in the dam's construction. This method allows for the production of rocks of the appropriate size for the dam's needs.

💡Interlock

Interlock is a term used to describe the arrangement of stones or blocks in a way that they lock together, providing stability and resistance to movement. The script mentions the use of interlocking stones in the dam's outer layer to create a robust surface that can withstand erosion and impact.

💡Erosion

Erosion is the process by which natural forces, such as water, wind, or ice, wear away rocks, soil, and other materials. The video script discusses the importance of the dam's outer layers in protecting against erosion caused by water and weather, emphasizing the need for robust construction materials and techniques.

💡Disposal Area

A disposal area is a site where waste materials from construction or other activities are deposited. The script refers to the use of materials from disposal areas, such as the spillway excavation, being repurposed for dam construction, showcasing an efficient use of resources and reducing environmental impact.

Highlights

The dam can hold back hundreds of millions of cubic meters of water from the river.

The secret lies in the zoning of materials used in dam construction.

The core of the dam consists of different zoning materials, each with specific functions.

The central part of the dam, known as the core, serves as a waterproof layer.

The core material is a type of clay with a plasticity index greater than 15%.

Care must be taken as the core material is often accompanied by a material with high permeability.

The core material is sourced from borrow areas located 1.5 to 2.5 km away.

Compaction is done with a 12-ton Sakai roller, with 10 passes to ensure the material's integrity.

The dam's productivity can reach 4000 m³ per hour, working from morning to night.

The sensitive nature of the core material requires careful monitoring of water content and permeability.

The filter zone surrounds the core to direct seepage and prevent piping.

The filter zone consists of fine and coarse materials to ensure stability and prevent erosion.

The rockfill zone provides counterweight to maintain the dam's stability against water and soil pressure.

Rockfill materials are sourced from quarries and undergo large-scale testing for quality assurance.

The random zone replaces part of the rockfill with a mix of hard and weak rocks.

The riprap zone is the outermost layer of the dam, protecting it from erosion and wave impact.

Riprap installation must be tightly interlocked to ensure the dam's surface protection.

The dam construction operates 24/7 with two shifts to prevent operator fatigue and accidents.

Social support is provided due to the work's proximity to the community.

The Lewi Keris Dam is a significant engineering achievement for Indonesia.