HISTORIA DE LOS MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN

Summary

This script explores the history of communication media, tracing its evolution from early sign language and prehistoric art to the development of print, radio, and television. Key milestones include Johann Gutenberg's invention of the printing press in 1450, the growth of newspapers in the 17th century, and Marconi's pioneering radio transmissions in the early 20th century. The script also covers the rise of television, starting with mechanical devices in the 1880s and progressing to regular broadcasts by the 1930s. The transformation of communication has had a profound impact on society, spreading information globally and shaping modern media landscapes.

Takeaways

• 😀 The term 'mass media' refers to communication channels used for transmitting information to a large audience, with examples including newspapers, radio, and television.
• 😀 The earliest form of communication likely involved signs and signals, reflected in prehistoric art, which paved the way for later developments in human communication.
• 😀 Johann Gutenberg's invention of the movable-type printing press in 1450 revolutionized the spread of written material and is considered a pivotal moment in mass communication history.
• 😀 The first printed books, produced before 1501, are known as incunabula, marking a significant shift from handwritten manuscripts.
• 😀 The first continuous English newspaper, *Weekly News*, was published from 1622 to 1641, but earlier newspapers were often one-page bulletins with limited content.
• 😀 The first parliamentary news publications in England began in 1628, when government officials started reporting on debates in the British Parliament.
• 😀 Technological advancements like the linotype machine in the 1880s greatly increased newspaper production, allowing for larger print runs and distribution.
• 😀 Radio emerged as a new form of communication in the late 19th century, with key figures like Nikola Tesla and Guglielmo Marconi contributing to its development.
• 😀 The first regular radio broadcasts for entertainment began in the 1920s, with station 8MK in Detroit starting its broadcasts on August 20, 1920.
• 😀 Television, which combines moving images and sound, was developed in the early 20th century with significant milestones like the BBC's first public broadcasts in 1927 and regular programming in 1936.
• 😀 Today, television has reached a global audience, with Latin America alone having over 300 channels, serving more than 200 million people.

Q & A

What is the definition of mass media according to the script?

Mass media refers to communication channels that reach large audiences, typically through mediums like newspapers, radio, and television. It contrasts with interpersonal communication methods like the telephone.

How did humans first communicate according to the transcript?

The first form of communication between humans was likely through signs and signals used during prehistoric times, with their reflection seen in the cultural material such as pre-Hispanic art.

Who is credited with inventing the printing press, and when did this happen?

Johannes Gutenberg, a German inventor from Mainz, is credited with inventing the printing press in 1450, a development that significantly impacted the mass production of books.

What were the first newspapers like, according to the transcript?

The first newspapers were small, often only one page, without headers or advertisements. They resembled bulletins more than modern newspapers with large pages, bold headers, and images.

What were the earliest types of newspapers in England?

The earliest newspapers in England were primarily foreign news publications, with the first continuously published English newspaper being *Weekly News* (1622–1641).

What technological advancements helped the growth of newspapers?

Technological advancements, particularly the invention of the first type-setting line in the 1880s, allowed for faster and more efficient newspaper production. Additionally, the improvement of printing presses and circulation in large cities contributed to the expansion of newspapers.

When was the first regular radio broadcast, and where did it occur?

The first regular radio broadcast began in 1920 in both Argentina and the United States, with the *8MK* station in Detroit, which started on August 20, 1920, considered by many to be the first.

Who were the key figures in the development of radio technology?

Key figures in radio development include James Clerk Maxwell, who formulated the theory of electromagnetic waves in 1873, Heinrich Hertz, who discovered radio waves in 1888, Nikola Tesla, who demonstrated radio transmission in 1894, and Guglielmo Marconi, who built the first radio system in 1895.

How did television evolve, and when did regular programming begin?

Television evolved from mechanical systems like the 'disco en polvo' in 1884 to electronic systems. The first public television broadcasts were made by the BBC in 1927 and CBS in 1930. Regular programming began in England in 1936 and in the U.S. in 1939.

How has television expanded in Latin America, according to the script?

Television has significantly expanded in Latin America, with over 300 television channels in operation and a viewing audience of over 200 million people across the region.