Conferencia Dra. Liliana Sanjurjo (Parte 1/4)

Summary

The transcript discusses the formation of reflective professionals who critically analyze their practices. It highlights the importance of acknowledging conflicts and values, rather than seeking subjective change. The critical approach emphasizes the need for professionals to be aware of multiple factors affecting their practice. The script also touches on the balance between macro and micro aspects of professions, advocating for a new epistemology that views professional knowledge as a spiral construction, integrating theory and practice. It stresses the significance of reflection in action and the construction of professional knowledge through practical experiences and theoretical confrontations.

Takeaways

• 🤔 The importance of forming reflective professionals who can critically analyze their own practices.
• 🔍 Early authors on professional practices overlooked conflict, assuming that changing thought would linearly change practice.
• 🧐 Reflective professionals should analyze multiple factors affecting their practice, not just personal change.
• 🌟 The critical approach emphasizes that conflict and opposing values/interests are inherent in human and social life and should be addressed.
• 🌱 The necessity of fostering awareness and social change within professions.
• 📚 Critics argue that critical theories focus too much on macro aspects, neglecting micro aspects like classroom dynamics.
• 🏫 There's a call for a new epistemology of practice that sees theory and practice as inseparable and dialectically related.
• 🔄 Professional knowledge is constructed in a spiral, with theory playing a significant role in shaping practice.
• 🤓 Reflective professionals engage in 'reflection in action' and 'reflection on action' to adapt their practice to unexpected situations.
• 🏛️ The traditional approach to professional formation ignored the professional knowledge constructed through reflection, which is crucial for decision-making and practice.

Q & A

What is one of the primary criticisms of early approaches to reflective practice?

One of the main criticisms of early approaches to reflective practice is the neglect of conflict. These approaches assumed that simply changing one's way of thinking would automatically lead to changes in practices, overlooking the complexities and external contextual factors that influence professional behavior.

How does the critical approach differ from earlier views on professional reflection?

The critical approach emphasizes that conflict and the presence of antagonistic values are inherent to human and social experiences. Unlike earlier approaches that focused on subjective changes, the critical approach acknowledges these conflicts and works towards emancipation and social change.

What is one criticism of critical theories in relation to professional practices?

A criticism of critical theories is that they often focus on macro-level issues, such as socio-political aspects, while neglecting micro-level aspects of professional practice, like the day-to-day, didactic, and classroom-related challenges.

What is meant by a 'new epistemology of practice' mentioned in the transcript?

The 'new epistemology of practice' refers to the idea that knowledge is constructed dialectically through both theory and practice. It contrasts with positivist views that place theory above practice, instead promoting the idea that knowledge evolves as professionals reflect on and adapt to practical challenges.

How does a reflective professional respond to unexpected challenges in practice?

A reflective professional approaches unexpected challenges by problematizing the situation, rather than resorting to routine solutions. They analyze the specific context, consider multiple factors, and adjust their approach based on reflection and the construction of new knowledge.

What does the transcript mean by 'construction of professional knowledge'?

The construction of professional knowledge refers to the ongoing process where professionals integrate experiential knowledge with theoretical insights. This knowledge construction occurs as they reflect on unexpected situations and dilemmas encountered in practice.

What role does theory play in the reflective practice model discussed in the transcript?

In this model, theory plays a crucial role by informing and shaping professional practice. However, it is not seen as separate from practice. Instead, theory is continuously confronted with real-world situations, which leads to a spiral of knowledge development.

What is 'reflection in action' as described in the transcript?

'Reflection in action' refers to the reflective process that happens during the practice itself. For example, a teacher might realize during a class that students are not understanding the material, prompting them to adjust their teaching approach in real time.

How does 'reflection on action' differ from 'reflection in action'?

'Reflection on action' occurs after the practice, when professionals take time to review and analyze their actions and decisions. This could happen when they reflect on why a certain approach didn’t work in class and what could be changed for the future.

What is the significance of combining both reflection in and on action?

Combining both reflection in and on action is essential for professional development because it allows individuals to adjust in real-time while also continuously improving through post-action analysis. This dual process leads to deeper learning and more effective practice adjustments.