Emergency Drugs List: Classes, Uses and Dosages
Summary
TLDRThis video script discusses essential and optional drugs for medical emergencies, focusing on their classifications, indications, and dosages. It covers a range of medications, including adrenaline for resuscitation, atropine for bradycardia, and various drugs for heart conditions, hypertension, and sedation. The script also touches on antidotes for poisoning and drugs used in specific medical procedures, providing a comprehensive guide for medical professionals.
Takeaways
- 💊 The script discusses two categories of drugs: essential drugs for every medical kit and optional drugs based on practitioner expertise and needs.
- 🚑 Adrenaline (epinephrine) is a crucial drug used in resuscitation, anaphylaxis, and asthma unresponsive to bronchodilators.
- 🌡 Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that dries up body secretions and is used to treat severe bradycardia and certain poisonings.
- 🩺 Norepinephrine is a sympathomimetic drug used to control blood pressure during hypotension and as an urgent treatment for cardiac arrest.
- 💔 Calcium gluconate is a calcium salt used to treat ventricular arrhythmias and conditions like hypokalemia and magnesium toxicity.
- 📈 Sodium bicarbonate is an alkalinizing agent for treating hyperkalemia, acidosis, and in overdose situations of certain medications.
- 💗 Amiodarone is a class 3 antiarrhythmic drug used for treating specific types of ventricular tachycardias and fibrillations.
- 🩸 Dextrose is indicated for treating hypoglycemia and restoring normal blood glucose levels, also used in managing hypokalemia and DKA.
- 💓 Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used for relieving angina and decreasing hypertension.
- 🏥 Succinylcholine is a depolarizing muscle relaxant used for rapid sequence induction in procedures requiring brief muscle relaxation.
- 💉 Dopamine is a catecholamine used to treat hemodynamic imbalances, low cardiac output, and hypotension.
Q & A
What are the two categories of drugs mentioned in the script?
-The two categories of drugs mentioned are essential drugs, which should be part of every medical institution's drug kit, and optional drugs, which depend on the practitioners' training and the need for sedation and general anesthesia.
What is the primary use of adrenaline or epinephrine as mentioned in the script?
-Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is used in resuscitation for cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, superficial bleeding, and asthma that has been unresponsive to bronchodilators.
How does atropine function, and what conditions does it treat?
-Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that helps to dry up body secretions and slow gastrointestinal motility. It is used to treat acute severe bradycardia, organophosphate or carbonate poisoning, and acts as an antispasmodic agent.
What is the role of norepinephrine in medical treatments?
-Norepinephrine is a sympathomimetic drug used to control blood pressure in cases of hypotension and as an urgent treatment during cardiac arrest.
What conditions are treated with calcium gluconate according to the script?
-Calcium gluconate is used for ventricular arrhythmias, hypokalemia, tetany, hypocalcemia, and magnesium toxicity.
What is the purpose of sodium bicarbonate in medical treatments?
-Sodium bicarbonate is a systemic alkalinizing agent used in the treatment of acute hyperkalemia, severe metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and in cases of tricyclic antidepressant overdose.
What is the indication for using amiodarone as per the script?
-Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug indicated for the treatment of cardiomyopathies, such as recurrent, hemodynamically stable ventricular tachycardias and fibrillations, atrial fibrillation, and PSVT.
How is dextrose used in medical treatments as mentioned in the script?
-Dextrose is used in the treatment of hypoglycemia or hyperinsulinemia to restore normal blood glucose levels, manage hypokalemia, and prevent hypoglycemia when treating with insulin.
What is the primary function of nitroglycerin in medical treatments?
-Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator primarily used to relieve angina chest pain and can also be used to decrease hypertension.
What are the uses of succinylcholine as described in the script?
-Succinylcholine is a depolarizing muscle relaxant used in rapid sequence induction for procedures requiring brief muscle relaxation, such as intubation and airway management.
What are the conditions treated with dopamine as per the script?
-Dopamine is used to treat hemodynamic imbalances, profound hypotension, low cardiac output, and bradycardia.
What is the role of furosemide or Lasix in medical treatments?
-Furosemide, also known as Lasix, is a loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, edema in congestive heart failure, renal disease, and hypertension. It can also be used in cases of fluid overload and hyperkalemia.
Outlines
💊 Essential and Optional Medications for Medical Emergencies
This paragraph discusses two categories of drugs: essential drugs, which should be included in every medical institution's drug kit, and optional drugs, which depend on the practitioner's training and the need for sedation and anesthesia. The essential drugs include adrenaline for resuscitation in cardiac arrest and anaphylaxis, atropine for acute severe bradycardia, norepinephrine for hypotension and cardiac arrest, calcium gluconate for ventricular arrhythmias, sodium bicarbonate for hyperkalemia and acidosis, amiodarone for cardiac arrhythmias, dextrose for hypoglycemia, nitroglycerin for chest pain and hypertension, succinylcholine for muscle relaxation, dopamine for hemodynamic imbalances, dobutamine for heart failure, furosemide for hypertension and edema, lidocaine for ventricular arrhythmias, and adenosine for myocardial perfusion.
🚑 Advanced Medications for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Emergencies
The second paragraph delves into advanced medications used for specific medical conditions. It covers the use of hydrocortisone for anti-inflammatory purposes and immune conditions, vasopressin for treating shock, midazolam for sedation and muscle relaxation, naloxone as an opioid antagonist, diazepam for anxiety and alcohol withdrawal, prednisolone for inflammation and immune reactions, heparin as an anticoagulant, aminophylline for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, promethazine for allergic reactions and nausea, methylprednisolone for severe allergic disorders and skin conditions, terbutaline for asthma attacks, ethamsylate for capillary bleeding, flumazenil for benzodiazepine overdose, potassium chloride for hypokalemia, digoxin for atrial fibrillation and heart failure, and amphetamines for ADHD and cyanide poisoning.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Adrenaline
💡Atropine
💡Norepinephrine
💡Calcium Gluconate
💡Sodium Bicarbonate
💡Amiodarone
💡Dextrose
💡Nitroglycerin
💡Succinylcholine
💡Dopamine
💡Furosemide
Highlights
Drugs are divided into essential and optional categories for medical kits.
Adrenaline is used for resuscitation in cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, and asthma.
Atropine is the first line treatment for severe bradycardia and organophosphate poisoning.
Norepinephrine controls blood pressure during hypotension and is used in cardiac arrest.
Calcium gluconate treats ventricular arrhythmias and reduces risk of ventricular fibrillation.
Sodium bicarbonate is used for acute hyperkalemia and severe acidosis.
Amiodarone is a class 3 antiarrhythmic for treating stable ventricular tachycardias.
Dextrose is indicated for hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia treatment.
Nitroglycerin relieves angina chest pain and can decrease hypertension.
Succinylcholine is a muscle relaxant used for rapid sequence induction in intubation.
Dopamine treats hemodynamic imbalances, low cardiac output, and hypotension.
Furosemide is a loop diuretic for hypertension, edema, and fluid overload.
Lidocaine is used for ventricular arrhythmias and acute myocardial infarction.
Adenosine reverts supraventricular tachycardias and is used in myocardial perfusion.
Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid for anti-inflammatory and immune conditions.
Vasopressin increases blood pressure in adults with distributive shock.
Midazolam is a short-acting hypnotic with muscle relaxant and amnesic properties.
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist reversing effects of opiate drugs.
Diazepam treats panic disorders, anxiety, and alcohol withdrawals.
Prednisolone is used for inflammation and immune reactions across various organs.
Heparin is an anticoagulant preventing and treating thrombotic events.
Aminophylline is a bronchodilator for treating acute asthma and chronic bronchitis.
Promethazine treats allergic disorders, skin conditions, and prevents nausea and vomiting.
Epinephrine is crucial for managing atrial fibrillation and arrhythmias.
Amphetamine treats attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and cyanide poisoning.
Transcripts
welcome to made client today we should
be looking at the commonly used images
drugs the classification indications and
their doses
even these medications may be divided
into two categories the first category
is the drugs which are essential and
should be part of every Martin's drug
kit in an institution and the second
category consists of the drugs which are
useful but are optional depending on the
practitioners training in imagines
medical procedures and weather sedation
and general anesthesias are needed for
the behavior in anxiety management
this emerges drugs are stocked in an
emergency scratch cuts and used in
infestation or specialist procedures
number one drug is adrenaline or
epinephrine adrenaline is a
sympathomimetic drug which is an alphan
beta adrenergic Agonist it is used in
resuscitation in cases of cardiac arrest
anaphylaxis superficial bleeding and
Asthma which has been
in responsive to arbitral and salvatable
then we have atropine atropine belongs
to a class of drugs known as anticholin
addicts and they help to dry up body
secretions and body fluids and also slow
the guard movement
atropine is the first line drug in the
treatment of acute severe bradycardia or
less low heart rate in absence of a
reversible cause
atropin is also used in organophosphate
or carbonate poisoning or toxicity and
additionally it acts as antispasmodic
agent
norepinephrine or noradrenaline is a
sympathomimetic drug
this drug is used in the control of
blood pressure during various cases of
hypotension and can also be used as an
urgent treatment during cardiac arrest
calcium gluconate
calcium gluconate is classified as a
calcium salts with an antidote and used
for ventricular arrhythmias and reduces
the risk of ventricular fibrillation
these academic rhythmus it is also used
in hypokalemia or low potassium levels
in blood tetany
hypocalcemia and magnesium toxicity
sodium the carbonate is a systemic
alkalinizing agent and it's used in the
treatment of acute hyperkalemia
severe metabolic and respiratory
acidosis and also in case of tricyclic
antidepressant overdose
then we have a myodoron a murderon is a
class 3 antiarrhythmic drug that is
indicated in the treatment of
cardiocharithmias for example recurrent
hemodynamically and stable ventricular
tachycardias and recurrent ventricular
fibrillations
have atrophobic relations white complex
tachycardias and psvt
when you have 50 dextrose which is
indicated in the treatment of
hypoglycemia or hyperinsulinemia or to
restore normal blood glucose levels in
case five
of hypoglycemia this dextrose can also
be used in management of hypokalemia and
in dka all diabetic Eros doses it is
used to prevent hypoglycemia when you're
treating with insulin
when you have nitroglycerin
nitroglycerin is a vasodated drug
which primarily works by relieving
Angelina chest pain
it is a type of a nitrate which can also
be used to decrease hypertension
we have succin methodium or
succinylcholine these are the
fertilizing muscle relaxant that is used
in
case of Rapid sequence induction for
procedures which require only brief
duration of muscle relaxation for
example imagines intubation and Airway
management
then you have dopamine with a
catecholamine neurotransmitter we use
these drugs to treat hemodynamic
imbalances proper fusions or vital
organs low cardiac output and
hypotension it can also be used to treat
a rest in bradycardia
then we have the butamine this drug is
used in the treatment of heart failure
cardiogenic shock congestive heart
failure to increase correct output
then we have furosemide or Lasix
these are Loop diuretic or high ceiling
fluidic that is used to treat
hypertension and edema in congestive
heart failure Rhino disease and
hypertension and it can also be used in
case of fluid overloads to do rest and
also in case of hyperkalemia
we have lidocaine or lignocaine these
are local and aesthetic agents of the
amid group and it's also a class 1B and
the rhythmic agent that is primarily
used in treatment of ventricular
arrhythmias
in acute monocardial infarction
the jobs in poisoning cardioversion and
in some procedures for example cardiac
catheterization
then we have adenosine these are
medication used in myocardial perfusion
since citigraphy
and treatment of supraventricular
psychicardis to revert this
supraventricular tachycardias
hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid
that we use in anti-inflammatory cases
and for treating dematosis endocrine
disorders and immune conditions so in
addition to all this it is used in
autoimmune reaction asthmatic reaction
anaphylaxis the usual dose is around
5200 MD tremendously given for six hours
and then verse of praising is a drug
that is indicated to increase blood
pressure in adults in vastly shock that
is refractory to application of fluids
and catecholamines this vasopressin is
used as a last resort
midazolam is a short-acting hypnotic or
sedative drug
which has anstrologic properties muscle
relaxant properties
anticonvassants sedative and amnesic
properties we use midazola means
addition and also in prolonged scissors
the naloxone is an opioid antagonist
that is used to block or reverse the
effects of opiate drugs for example
patidine morphine
it is the main attribute for opioids and
is available as an injectable and auto
injector and more recently there is a
development of international doses forms
then we have diazepam
diaspam is a long-acting vasodiazepine
which has rapid onset and we use it
commonly to treat panic disorders
anxiety alcohol withdrawals and scissors
let's have method prednisolone these are
corticosteroid we use for inflammation
or immune reactions across the variety
of organs and endocrine conditions
then we have heparin
Heparin is an anticoagulant medication
that is used to prevent and Treat
thrombotic events for example when a
storm embolism per monthly embolism and
moreover Heparin prevents clotting
during surgical procedures for example
Cardis injuries
when we have aminophilin
aminophylline is a bronchodilator that
is used to treat acute asthmatic attack
in physics and chronic bronchitis
it's indicated for treatment of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease
and then we have promethazine of finagra
Phenergan is a acidity and an anxiolytic
that resistance nose and vomiting can be
also be used in anaphylaxis and in case
of reaction to blood products or blood
transfusion
steroid that is used to treat severe
allergic disorders skin conditions
ulcerative colitis arthritis lupus and
in many cases we usually in case of
asthmatic attacks chronic obstructive
polymer disease and in allergic
reactions
they have the drifying
this is to treat acute asthmatic attack
and chronic obstructive pulmonary
disorders
we have Ethan silage or chronixamic acid
this is this is a synthetic hemostatic
drug that we use in case of a capillary
bleeding it works by increasing the
ability of the platelets to stick
together and form a blood flow so that
we can stop bleeding
antagonists that we use in reversing
benzodiazepine overdose in
post-operative sedation from
benzodiazepine and Aesthetics
then we have potassium chloride okcl
ucator of hypokalemia and is an
electrode supplement basically
and then we have the jobs in digoxin is
the most important emergency medication
and is used in the management of atrial
fibrillation it is used in the
management of atrial fibrillation
arrhythmias congestive heart failures
and the normal dose ranges from 10 to 15
micrograms per kg given on intravenous
root over 20 to 30 minutes
and they will help unfair them in
Salvage with the CNS stimulant
I used to treat attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy
amphetamine is also to treat cyanide
poisoning
[Music]
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