Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 5: Gender Equality
Summary
TLDRIn 2015, the United Nations established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aimed at transforming the world by 2030. Goal 5, gender equality, seeks to empower women and girls, addressing disparities and harmful practices like child marriage and female genital mutilation (FGM). Despite progress, challenges persist, including underrepresentation in leadership, gender-based violence, and economic inequality. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these issues, highlighting the need for inclusive policies and actions to ensure gender equality and utilize women's potential fully.
Takeaways
- 🌐 The SDGs, established in 2015, consist of 17 global goals aimed at transforming the world by 2030 through various initiatives, including poverty eradication, fighting inequality, and addressing climate change.
- 🎯 Goal 5 focuses on achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls, with nine specific targets to address disparities and harmful practices.
- 📉 Despite progress, women are still underrepresented in political leadership, and prejudicial laws and social norms persist, perpetuating gender inequality.
- 👥 Data from 87 countries indicates that one in five women and girls under 50 have experienced physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within the last 12 months.
- 💔 Child marriage and female genital mutilation (FGM) are prevalent harmful practices affecting millions of girls, with FGM being particularly concentrated in 30 countries, half of which are in West Africa.
- 📉 The prevalence of FGM has declined by one quarter since around 2000, but child marriage remains a significant issue, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa.
- 💼 Women's economic empowerment is hindered by the gender pay gap, with women earning only 77 cents for every dollar men earn, and by limited representation in agricultural land ownership.
- 🏫 Education has seen improvements, with two-thirds of developing countries achieving gender parity in primary education, but challenges in secondary and higher education persist.
- 📊 The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated existing risks and problems for women, leading to a 'shadow pandemic' of increased domestic violence and job losses in insecure, informal, and lower-paying jobs.
- 🔄 UN Women emphasizes the importance of placing women and girls at the center of national responses to COVID-19 for impactful recovery and calls for inclusive policies.
- 🌟 Professor Emily Burrell highlights the role of African communities and organizations in combating gender inequality and the creative strategies used to challenge state practices and ensure women's rights are prioritized.
Q & A
What are the SDGs and when were they established?
-The SDGs, or Sustainable Development Goals, were established in 2015 by the United Nations. They consist of 17 global goals aimed at addressing various issues such as poverty, inequality, and climate change by 2030.
How many targets and indicators are there within the 17 SDGs?
-The 17 SDGs are made up of 169 targets and 230 indicators, providing a comprehensive framework for sustainable development.
What is the primary aim of SDG Goal 5?
-SDG Goal 5 aims to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls, addressing disparities and working towards a more equitable society.
What are some of the achievements in gender equality despite the ongoing disparities?
-Achievements include fewer girls being forced into early marriages, increased representation of women in political offices and leadership positions, and the introduction of legislation that reforms discriminatory practices and advances gender equality.
What is the impact of harmful practices such as child marriage and female genital mutilation (FGM) on girls under 18?
-Harmful practices like child marriage and FGM affect millions of girls under 18, with child marriage impacting 15 million girls annually and FGM affecting at least 200 million women in 30 countries where it is concentrated.
How does the COVID-19 pandemic potentially affect the progress towards ending child marriage and FGM?
-The COVID-19 pandemic could set back progress towards ending child marriage and FGM due to school closures, widening poverty, and the increased vulnerability of girls.
What is the economic disparity between men and women according to the data from UNDP Africa?
-According to UNDP Africa, women earn only 77 cents for every dollar that men earn for the same work, highlighting a significant economic disparity.
What percentage of women have experienced physical and/or sexual violence, according to the data provided?
-Data indicates that 35 percent of women have experienced physical and/or sexual violence.
How does the COVID-19 pandemic impact women's employment, particularly in informal and lower-paying jobs?
-The pandemic has led to job losses, particularly for women who hold the majority of insecure informal and lower-paying jobs, exacerbating the risks and problems they face.
What does UN Women argue is crucial for national responses to the COVID-19 pandemic?
-UN Women argues that it is crucial for national responses to the pandemic to place women and girls at the center, focusing on their inclusion, representation, rights, social and economic outcomes, and protection.
What is the role of academic and research institutions like UNC's Center for African Studies in addressing SDG Goal 5?
-Academic and research institutions play a vital role in engaging with SDG Goal 5 by conducting research, sharing insights, and developing strategies to combat gender inequality and promote gender rights.
What steps are needed to achieve gender equality according to the script?
-Achieving gender equality requires bold, persistent, and sustainable actions targeting structural barriers and causes of discrimination against women, backed by appropriate laws, policies, funding, and strong accountability frameworks.
Outlines
🌐 SDGs: Transforming the World by 2030
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by 193 United Nations member states in 2015, encompass 17 global goals aimed at eradicating poverty, reducing inequality, and combating climate change by 2030. These goals are supported by 169 targets and 230 indicators, integrating social, economic, and environmental aspects of sustainable development. Goal 5, focusing on gender equality, has made strides with more women in political leadership and fewer forced marriages, but disparities persist. Prejudicial laws, social norms, and harmful practices continue to impede progress. Data reveals that intimate partner violence and child marriage remain significant issues, with the potential for a global pandemic to exacerbate these challenges. The African context is highlighted, with concerns about the impact of COVID-19 on women's employment and safety, and the importance of including women in policy responses and recovery plans is emphasized.
🌟 Addressing Gender Inequality: The Way Forward
Despite progress, achieving gender equality remains a distant goal, especially considering the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women and girls. The 'shadow pandemic' of increased domestic violence and job losses in insecure, informal sectors is a critical concern. UN Women advocates for national responses that prioritize women's inclusion, rights, and economic outcomes. Professor Emily Burrell from UNC Chapel Hill discusses the importance of legal aid organizations in African contexts, their work in challenging state laws, and the creative strategies employed to ensure women's rights remain a priority. The conclusion underscores the social and human potential costs of gender bias, calling for collective action to eradicate prejudice and achieve equal rights and respect for all.
🛡️ Bold Actions for Gender Equality
To achieve gender equality, persistent and sustainable actions are required to target structural barriers and the root causes of discrimination against women. This involves appropriate laws, policies, funding, and strong accountability frameworks. The role of various stakeholders, including academic institutions, governments, the private sector, civil society, and international organizations, is crucial in this endeavor. The summary calls for collective efforts to learn more about the SDGs in Africa and to visit www.sdgc.africa.org for further information, emphasizing the need for a unified approach to overcome gender inequality and unlock the full potential of the world's population.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡SDGs
💡Gender Equality
💡Targets
💡Indicators
💡Poverty Eradication
💡Climate Change
💡Violence Against Women
💡Child Marriage
💡Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
💡COVID-19 Pandemic
💡Policy Brief
💡Accountability
Highlights
In 2015, the UN established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aimed at transforming the world by 2030 through poverty eradication, fighting inequality, and addressing climate change.
The SDGs consist of 169 targets and 230 indicators, integrating social, economic, and environmental aspects of sustainable development.
Goal 5 focuses on achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls, with nine specific targets.
Despite progress, disparities remain, with women still facing underrepresentation in political leadership and enduring harmful social norms and practices.
Global data reveals that one in five women and girls under 50 have experienced physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner.
Child marriage, affecting 15 million girls under 18 annually, is a significant issue, with the COVID-19 pandemic potentially exacerbating this problem.
Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a grave human rights violation impacting at least 200 million women, with a decline in prevalence since 2000.
The risk of child marriage is highest in Sub-Saharan Africa, affecting over one in three women aged 20 to 24.
African women earn 77 cents for every dollar men earn for the same work, highlighting the gender pay gap.
35% of women have experienced physical or sexual violence, indicating the pervasiveness of gender-based violence.
Women represent only 13% of agricultural land holders, pointing to gender inequality in land ownership.
Almost 750 million women and girls alive today were married before their 18th birthday, emphasizing the scale of child marriage.
Two-thirds of developing countries have achieved gender parity in primary education, showing progress in educational equality.
As of November 2018, only 24% of national parliamentarians were women, a slight increase from 11.3% in 1995.
COVID-19 has increased risks and problems for women, leading to a 'shadow pandemic' of domestic violence and job loss.
UN Women calls for national responses to the pandemic to prioritize women's inclusion, representation, rights, and protection.
Professor Emily Burrell discusses the importance of legal aid organizations in challenging state laws and promoting women's rights in Africa.
Gender bias undermines social fabric and devalues human potential; achieving gender equality requires bold, persistent, and sustainable actions.
Everyone, including academic institutions, governments, the private sector, and the public, must contribute to achieving gender equality.
Transcripts
[Music]
what are the sdgs in 2015
world leaders of 193 member states of
the united nation
agreed to 17 global goals
officially known as the sustainable
development goals
and pronounced sdgs these goals were
carefully identified as having the
potential to change the world by 2030
through poverty eradication fighting
inequality
and addressing the urgency of climate
change the 17 goals constitute of 169
targets and 230
indicators the global goals are
ambitious but achievable
it integrates all three aspects of
sustainable development
and they are social economic
and environmental goal 5
gender equality goal 5's target is to
achieve gender equality
and empower all women and girls
there are nine targets in goal five
our world today is a better place for
women than it was in the past
but disparities still remain
there are fewer girls forced into early
marriages
there are more political offices for
women serving in parliaments and
positions of leadership
there are favorable legislations that
reform discriminatory practices
and advance gender equality
despite these gains prejudicial laws and
social norms
persist and harmful practices
and other forms of violence against
women and girls continue
barriers to women's sexual and
reproductive health and rights
prevail despite more representation in
public offices
women continue to be underrepresented at
all levels
of political leadership
[Music]
based on data from 87 countries
one in five women and girls under the
age of 50
will have experienced physical and
or sexual violence by an intimate
partner
within the last 12 months
harmful practices such as child marriage
still the childhood of 15 million girls
under age 18
every year it is feared that a global
pandemic
could set back progress to end child
marriage and female genital
mutilation a prevalent harmful practice
in africa
is the female genital mutilation
female genital mutilation fgm for short
is a grave human rights violation that
affects at least
200 million women in the 30 countries
where the practice
is concentrated half of the 30 countries
is in west africa on average the
prevalence of fgm
has declined by one quarter since around
2000.
marriage before the age of 18 is a human
rights
violation today the risk
of child marriage is highest in
sub-saharan africa
where more than one in three women
between the ages of
20 and 24 were married before the age of
18.
school closures and widening poverty as
a result of the pandemic
could put more girls at risk
undp africa shares the following data
women earn only 77 cents for every
dollar
that men get for the same walk
35 percent of women have experienced
physical
and or sexual violence
women represent just 13 of agricultural
land holders
almost 750 million women and girls alive
today
were married before their 18th birthday
two-thirds of developing countries have
achieved gender parity
and primary education and lastly
only 24 of national parliamentarians
were women as of november 2018
a small increase from 11.3 percent
in 1995. future landscape
what is the way forward despite africa
leading the world in appointing female
legislators
at 24.2 percent compared to the world
average of 23.6 percent
african women are still more likely than
men to be in vulnerable
employment the goal of achieving a fair
and equal world for every woman and girl
remains unfulfilled and even more
distant now
since women and girls are the hardest
hits by the covid19 pandemic
covid19 has exacerbated the many risks
and problems that women
are already exposed to thereby causing a
shadow pandemic
this shadow pandemic is sent in to
mention only two
the rise in domestic violence for girls
and women
and loss of jobs for women who hold
majority of
insecure informal and lower paying jobs
in an april 2020 policy brief
on the impact of kovid 19 on women
u.n women argues for why it is crucial
for all national responses to place
women and girls
their inclusion representation rights
social and economic outcomes equality
and protection
at the center if the responses are to
have the necessary
impact the brief backs its position up
as follows
and i quote women will be the hardest
hit
by this pandemic but they will also be
the backbone of recovery in communities
every policy response that recognizes
this
will be the more impactful for it
the united nations recommends that as
governments enact fiscal relief measures
they must build economic and social
policies that place women's economic
lives
at the heart of the pandemic response
and recovery plans
including putting cash in women's hands
and extending basic protections to
informal workers
unc's faculty and research engaging with
this goal
professor emily burrell is associate
professor with the department
of history and women's and gender
studies
at unc chapel hill she is also
the director of the university's center
for african studies
professor burrell shares her thoughts
with us
sdg goal number five states that gender
equality is not only a fundamental right
but a necessary foundation for a
peaceful prosperous
and sustainable world african
communities
and african organizations have done a
tremendous amount of work
in the recent past to combat challenges
to gender inequality
such as girls encumbered access to
school
forced marriages and violence against
women and girls
i continue in my own research as a
historian
who looks at law and society to be
very inspired and interested in the work
that women's legal aid organizations are
doing
in different african contexts for
example
aid organizations legal aid
organizations
have done a tremendous amount of work in
trying to
broker the communication between
local community groups on the ground in
different communities
and the ways that states organize
and pass different kinds of laws that
govern the formal arenas
and access to access to resources
even though there are significant
limitations to the work that the law can
do
i am really interested in the fact that
there are different creative strategies
that african organizations are using to
challenge the state for example so uh in
in many cases what we see are examples
of local
legal aid societies engaging the african
court of human rights
in order to put pressure on states these
are
creative deft approaches and strategies
for making sure that women's rights and
girls rights stay
on the forefront of priorities and
agendas
in conclusion gender bias
is undermining our social fabric and
devalues
all of us it is not just a human rights
issue
it is a tremendous waste of the world's
human potential
by denying women equal rights we deny
half the population a chance to live
life at its fullest
political economic and social equality
for women
will benefit all the world's citizens
together we can eradicate prejudice and
work for equal rights
and respect for all
to achieve gender equality bold
persistent and sustainable actions
targeting structural barriers
and causes of discrimination against
women is needed
this should be backed up by the
appropriate laws and policies
funding and strong accountability
frameworks
for the goals to be met everyone needs
to do
their part academic and research
institutions
governments the private sector
civil society bilateral and multilateral
institutions the development community
and the general public to learn more
about the sdgs in africa
please visit www.sdgc
africa.org
[Music]
you
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