IKN: Minim Investor, Merusak Lingkungan, Mengancam Warga Lokal | PUTAR BALIK

Summary

The script discusses the long-standing idea of relocating Indonesia's capital city, which dates back to President Soekarno's era in 1957. Despite various proposals, the plan never materialized until President Jokowi announced the move to East Kalimantan in 2019. The decision faced criticism for its lack of transparency and potential issues such as land dispossession. Despite challenges and legal disputes, the project aims to reduce congestion in Jakarta and is expected to take 25-30 years, with initial funding from domestic sources.

Takeaways

• 🏛️ The idea of relocating the capital of Indonesia has been discussed since the era of President Soekarno in 1957, but it has never been realized until now.
• 🗣️ President Jokowi has firmly decided to move the capital to East Kalimantan, specifically in the Penajam Paser Utara region, to alleviate the burden on Jakarta.
• 📚 The concept of developing a new capital was first mentioned by Soekarno to Soviet engineers, leading to the construction of roads in Palangkaraya on peat land.
• 🚧 Economic difficulties in the 1960s hindered the development of Palangkaraya, and subsequent presidents had different plans for the capital's location.
• 🛑 President Soeharto had plans to move the capital to Jonggol in West Java, but his regime ended before the plan could be realized.
• 🌐 President Abdurrahman Wahid (Gusdur) and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) both proposed alternatives for the capital, focusing on overcoming congestion and flooding in Jakarta.
• 📈 President Jokowi's initiative to move the capital began in May 2017, with a serious consideration of the impact on the national budget and debt.
• 📊 The decision to move the capital out of Java was made in April 2019, with three candidate regions, but Kalimantan was chosen for its central location and lower disaster risk.
• 🏗️ The public has questioned the details and analysis of the new capital plan, which was claimed to be prepared over two years but remained mysterious until the announcement.
• 📉 The rushed and closed process of the capital's legislation faced criticism and was challenged in court by civil society for not accommodating public participation.
• 🛑 The development of the new capital has faced issues such as land acquisition affecting local communities and a lack of transparency in the process.
• 💡 Despite challenges, President-elect Prabowo is reported to be committed to continuing the development of the new capital, emphasizing the need for domestic and then foreign funding over 25 to 30 years.

Q & A

What is the historical context of the capital relocation plan in Indonesia?

The idea of relocating the capital of Indonesia has been discussed since the era of President Soekarno in 1957. The plan has been considered by various presidents but was never realized until President Jokowi's tenure.

Why did President Soekarno want to move the capital to Palangkaraya?

President Soekarno wanted to move the capital to Palangkaraya because he believed Surabaya and Jakarta were the only cities with economic circulation, and he had a vision for the development of the new capital city.

What were the economic challenges faced during the development of Palangkaraya as the new capital?

The development of Palangkaraya was hindered by the poor state of Indonesia's economy in the 1960s, which led to the construction of roads on swampy land without further progress.

What was President Soeharto's stance on the capital relocation plan?

President Soeharto, who succeeded Soekarno, did not want to continue the development of Palangkaraya and instead had an interest in moving the capital to Jonggol in West Java.

Which other locations were considered for the new capital city before the decision was made?

Before deciding on the new capital, three regions were considered: Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. However, Sumatra and Sulawesi were deemed less ideal due to their locations not being at the center of Indonesia.

Why was Kalimantan chosen as the location for the new capital city?

Kalimantan was chosen for the new capital city because of its central location in Indonesia and the relatively low risk of natural disasters on the island of Borneo.

What were the reasons behind President Jokowi's decision to move the capital out of Java?

President Jokowi decided to move the capital out of Java due to the heavy burden on the island, particularly Jakarta, as the center of governance and business.

What were the public's concerns regarding the transparency and planning of the new capital city?

The public was concerned about the lack of transparency in the planning and development of the new capital city, with the analysis being rushed and not being made public.

What are some of the potential issues arising from the development of the new capital city?

The development of the new capital city has the potential to cause issues such as the displacement of local communities and conflicts with indigenous people whose lands are being affected by the project.

How has the government addressed the funding for the new capital city?

The government has allocated 90.4 trillion from the state budget, which is about 20% of the total need for the new capital city. The rest is expected to be funded by private investment and government cooperation with business entities.

What is the stance of the incoming president, Prabowo, on the continuation of the new capital city project?

Prabowo has not shown a strong enthusiasm for the rapid completion of the new capital city project, and there has been no discussion on the matter in his meetings with party leaders and supporters.