Bandung Lautan Api | Documentary Film Erlangga 70th Anniversary
Summary
TLDRThe script recounts the heroic history of Bandung, Indonesia, during its struggle for independence post-proclamation. Known as 'Bandung Lautan Api', it details the city's resistance against British-led Allied forces and the Dutch-backed NICA, who sought to regain control. The narrative unfolds with the ultimatum issued to divide Bandung, the fierce battles, and the strategic scorched earth policy adopted by Indonesian forces led by AH Nasution. The people's sacrifice and love for their homeland are highlighted as they burned their own homes and left the city to prevent it from being used by the Allies. The 'Bandung Lautan Api' monument stands as a testament to this brave resistance.
Takeaways
- 🏙️ Bandung, known as 'Kota Kembang', is famous for its natural beauty and cityscape.
- 🗓️ On March 24, 1946, the beauty of Bandung was overshadowed by a significant historical event.
- 🌏 Post-proclamation of independence, Indonesia faced challenges from powerful nations wanting to control it.
- 🛡️ October 12, 1945, British forces led by Brigadier General McDonald arrived in Bandung, supported by NICA, to repatriate Japanese soldiers.
- 🔥 The process of repatriation was disrupted by attacks from Indonesian freedom fighters, leading to armed conflicts.
- 🗡️ November 21, 1945, marked the attack on the British forces' headquarters at Hotel Savoy Homann and Hotel Priangan by Indonesian fighters.
- ⚔️ An ultimatum was issued on November 24, 1945, dividing Bandung into North and South to facilitate the repatriation process.
- 🛑 The Indonesian forces were ordered to withdraw from Bandung, which was seen as a strategic move by the Allies to control the city fully.
- 🏹 The Battle of Bojongkokosan on December 9-10, 1945, showcased a heroic stand by the people of Sukabumi against the British convoy.
- 📜 On March 23, 1946, another ultimatum was issued demanding the evacuation of Bandung North of all inhabitants and troops by midnight.
- 🔥 In response, AH Nasution ordered the 'burning of the land' strategy, setting buildings on fire to prevent their use by the Allies.
Q & A
What is the nickname 'Kota Kembang' associated with and why?
-The nickname 'Kota Kembang' is associated with Bandung city, known for its beauty and regular events.
What significant event occurred on March 24, 1946, in Bandung?
-On March 24, 1946, the beauty of Bandung was overshadowed by the conflict between Indonesian forces and the Allied forces, leading to the city being set on fire, known as 'Bandung Lautan Api' or 'Bandung Sea of Fire'.
Why did the Allied forces, led by Brigadier General McDonald, arrive in Bandung on October 12, 1945?
-The Allied forces arrived in Bandung to repatriate Japanese soldiers and to free Dutch and European civilians from Japanese captivity.
What was the purpose of the Allied forces' ultimatum issued on November 24, 1945?
-The ultimatum demanded the division of Bandung into two areas, Bandung Utara for the Dutch and Allies, and Bandung Selatan for the Indonesian people, to facilitate the release of prisoners.
Why did the Indonesian fighters attack the hotels Savoy Homann and Priangan on November 21, 1945?
-The Indonesian fighters attacked the hotels because they were the headquarters of the Allied forces, and the fighters were frustrated by the continuous disturbances and armed conflicts caused by some of the released prisoners.
What was the significance of the Bojongkokosan battle on December 9-10, 1945?
-The Bojongkokosan battle was significant as it showcased the Indonesian fighters' ability to defeat a large British convoy carrying logistical support for the Allied forces in Bandung, despite being outnumbered.
What ultimatum did Brigadier General McDonald issue to the Indonesian Prime Minister Sutan Syahrir on March 23, 1946?
-The ultimatum demanded that Bandung Utara be cleared of inhabitants and troops by midnight on March 24, 1946, to prevent further bloodshed.
What decision did AH Nasution make in response to the ultimatum issued by Brigadier General McDonald?
-AH Nasution decided that Indonesian inhabitants and troops would leave Bandung, and the city would be set on fire to prevent it from being used by the Allies.
Why was Bandung considered a strategic location by the Allies?
-Bandung was considered strategic due to its central location on the island of Java, close to Jakarta and other major cities, and surrounded by high mountains that could serve as a natural fortress.
What did the people of Bandung do in response to the order to leave the city on March 24, 1946?
-The people of Bandung secured what belongings they could carry, set fire to their own homes, and left the city, becoming refugees.
What is the significance of the 'Bandung Lautan Api' monument in Tegal Lega, Bandung?
-The 'Bandung Lautan Api' monument commemorates the heroic resistance and sacrifices of the people of Bandung during the conflict with the Allied forces, symbolizing their love for their homeland.
Outlines
🏰 Bandung's Struggle for Independence
This paragraph recounts the historical struggle of Bandung, a city known for its beauty, during the Indonesian fight for independence post-proclamation. It details the arrival of British forces led by Brigadier General McDonald on October 12, 1945, with the intent to repatriate Japanese soldiers and free Dutch and European prisoners of war. However, the process was disrupted by Indonesian fighters, leading to armed conflicts. The narrative culminates in the significant event of November 24, 1945, where the British issued an ultimatum to divide Bandung into North and South, with the former for the Dutch and allies, and the latter for Indonesians, sparking further resistance and battles.
🛡️ The Heroic Battle of Bojongkokosan
Paragraph 2 delves into the broader resistance against the allies, including the merchants and buyers from North Bandung, which forced the allies to send food logistics from Jakarta. It highlights the heroic and historic Battle of Bojongkokosan near Sukabumi on December 9-10, 1945, where a large British convoy carrying food logistics was defeated by Indonesian fighters and the people of Sukabumi. This event was a significant blow to the British forces and an embarrassment on the international stage. The paragraph also describes the ultimatum issued by Brigadier General McDonald on March 23, 1946, demanding the evacuation of North Bandung and the dilemma faced by AH Nasution, who was torn between accepting the ultimatum and defending Bandung.
🔥 The Sacrificial Burning of Bandung
The third paragraph narrates the dramatic decision made by AH Nasution to evacuate Bandung and set the city ablaze to prevent its use by the allies. On March 24, 1946, the order was broadcasted for the citizens to leave, while soldiers carried out the 'scorched earth' policy by burning buildings. The citizens secured what they could, set fire to their own homes, and left the city. The paragraph describes the ensuing battles to stop the burning, the heroic actions of Muhammad Toha and Muhamad Ramdan who infiltrated and blew up an ammunition depot, and the eventual departure of the people, turning the once beautiful city into a 'sea of fire' and a city of ashes.
🕍 The Legacy of Bandung's Sea of Fire
The final paragraph reflects on the significance of the Bandung 'Sea of Fire' event, emphasizing the love and sacrifice of the people of Bandung for their homeland. It speaks of the collective decision to burn their own city and become refugees, showcasing their resistance against the allies' attempt to control Bandung. The paragraph concludes by commemorating this historic event with the establishment of the Bandung Sea of Fire Monument in Tegal Lega, Bandung, and calls for the remembrance and appreciation of the heroes' sacrifices for Indonesia's independence.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Bandung
💡Independence
💡Allies
💡Savoy Homann Hotel
💡Ultimatum
💡Bojongkokosan
💡Diplomacy
💡Defiance
💡Strategic Location
💡Sacrifice
💡Monument
Highlights
Bandung is famously known as 'Kota Kembang' due to its beauty and regular events.
On March 24, 1946, the beauty of Bandung was overshadowed by a significant historical event.
The struggle of the people of Bandung to defend their beloved land from colonization began after the proclamation of independence.
On October 12, 1945, British forces led by Brigadier General McDonald arrived in Bandung with the intention to repatriate Japanese soldiers.
The process of releasing prisoners was disrupted by the Indonesian fighters, leading to armed conflicts.
On November 21, 1945, Indonesian fighters attacked the hotels Savoy Homann and Priangan, which were the headquarters of the Allied forces.
The attack resulted in a fierce battle on November 24, 1945, leading to an ultimatum from the Allies to divide Bandung into North and South.
The division aimed to facilitate the release of prisoners and was a strategic move by the Allies to control Bandung.
The heroic and historic Battle of Bojongkokosan took place on December 9-10, 1945, where a large British convoy was defeated by Indonesian fighters.
The British were forced to send logistical support from Jakarta due to ongoing armed conflicts in Bandung.
On March 23, 1946, Brigadier General McDonald issued an ultimatum demanding the evacuation of Bandung North.
Sutan Syahrir, the Prime Minister at the time, urged AH Nasution to accept the ultimatum to avoid further bloodshed.
General Sudirman's telegram instructed to defend Bandung to the last drop of blood, creating a dilemma for AH Nasution.
AH Nasution decided that Indonesian troops and civilians would leave Bandung, but the city would be set ablaze to prevent its use by the Allies.
The decision to burn down Bandung was strategic to prevent the city from being used for military bases by the Allies.
On March 24, 1946, the order was broadcasted for the evacuation of Bandung, with Indonesian soldiers setting fire to buildings.
The residents of Bandung began to secure their belongings and set fire to their homes before leaving the city.
The event of Bandung being set ablaze is commemorated with the 'Bandung Lautan Api' monument in Tegal Lega, Bandung.
The 'Bandung Lautan Api' event is a heroic part of history that will always be remembered for the sacrifices made by the people of Bandung.
Transcripts
di
[Musik]
Kota Kembang
Siapa yang tak kenal dengan julukan ini
julukan yang disematkan untuk kota
Bandung karena terkenal akan keindahan
berkala maupun kotanya
[Musik]
24 Maret
1946
keindahan itu seketika sirna
Hai
menyenangkan karena Kota Bandung yang
cantik harus dilahap sijago merah
inilah sejarah perjuangan rakyat Bandung
mempertahankan tanah air tercinta dari
penjajahan
inilah Bandung Lautan Api
berawal dari masa setelah proklamasi
kemerdekaan
dimana Indonesia sedang gencar melakukan
pembangunan sebagai negara yang baru
merdeka
tentu rintangan yang dihadapi Indonesia
sebagai negara baru tidak terelakkan dan
tidak mudah
Indonesia harus menghadapi gempuran dari
negara-negara besar yang masih ingin
menguasai Indonesia
12oktober
1945 pasukan sekutu Inggris yang
dipimpin oleh Brigadir Jenderal McDonald
yang diboncengi oleh NICA atau Belanda
tiba di Bandung dengan tujuan
memulangkan tentara Jepang ke
ia meminta semua senjata rampasan
diserahkan kepada sekutu
membebaskan warga Belanda dan Eropa dari
tawanan Jepang
ya kemudian ditempatkan di Hotel Savoy
Homann dan hotel Triana
hai hai
Hai
[Musik]
proses pembebasan tawanan tidak berjalan
mulus karena terus mendapat gangguan
atau serangan dari para pejuang
Indonesia Hal ini bukan tanpa sebab
beberapa kelompok tawanan yang sudah
dibebaskan
melakukan tindakan-tindakan yang
mengganggu keamanan dan memicu bentrokan
bentrokan bersenjata dengan para pejuang
Indonesia
hai hai
Hai
karena para pejuang Indonesia mulai
geram akhirnya pada tanggal 21 November
1945 saat orang-orang tertidur lelap
para pejuang Indonesia melakukan
penyerangan ke Hotel Savoy Homann dan
hotel Priangan
yang dimana kedua tempat itu adalah
markas dari tentara sekutu
[Musik]
terjadilah pertempuran yang sangat hebat
dan pertempuran ini berlangsung dengan
cukup alam
Hai banget ya
Hai akibat penyerangan tersebut pada
tanggal 24 November
1945 Sekutu mengeluarkan ultimatum yang
berisi meminta wilayah Bandung untuk
dibagi dua yaitu Bandung Utara dan
Bandung Selatan
Bandung Utara untuk warga Belanda dan
sekutu untuk memudahkan proses
pembebasan tawanan lalu Bandung Selatan
untuk warga Indonesia dengan batas rel
kereta api
kemudian semua pasukan Indonesia harus
ditarik jadi Bandung Utara
yang sangat
Hai
full-time tumini tidak dihiraukan
dikarenakan para pejuang mengetahui
tujuan dibalik ultimatum ini ialah
strategi untuk menguasai Bandung secara
keseluruhan
ultimatum tersebut membuat para pejuang
kerap dan melakukan perlawanan yang
mengakibatkan banyaknya terjadi
bentrokan bersenjata selama
berbulan-bulan
Hai
selain para pejuang yang melakukan
perlawanan para pedagang pun mempunyai
cot para pembeli dari Bandung Utara
sehingga mengakibatkan pihak Sekutu
harus mengirim logistik makanan dari
Jakarta
terdapat peristiwa yang heroik dan
bersejarah yaitu pertempuran
bojongkokosan
yang terjadi di Sukabumi Pada tanggal
9-10 Desember 1945
Hai
bagaimana konvoi tentara Inggris
berkekuatan besar dan membawa logistik
makanan yang menuju Bandung dapat
dihancurkan oleh para pejuang dan rakyat
Sukabumi di Bojong kokosan
hal ini menjadi pukulan telak bagi
tentara Inggris karena dapat dikalahkan
oleh para pejuang Indonesia yang
berkekuatan kecil dan membuat malu
Inggris di mata internasional
Hai
[Musik]
karena bentrokan bersenjata yang terjadi
di Bandung Belum juga usai maka pada
tanggal 23 Maret
1946
Brigadir Jenderal McDonald mengeluarkan
ultimatum kepada perdana menteri
Indonesia saat itu yaitu Sutan Syahrir
yang berisi Bandung Utara harus
dikosongkan dari penduduk dan tentara
sebelum tanggal 24 Maret 1946
12.00 malam sejauh 10 km dari
Hai langsung
pada menteri Syahrir mendesak AH
Nasution sebagai pimpinan tentara di
Bandung untuk menerima ultimatum
tersebut
agar tidak terjadi lagi pertumpahan
darah karena Perdana Menteri Syahrir
menilai kekuatan tentara Indonesia belum
sebanding dan belum mampu melawan
kekuatan yang besar dari pasukan sekutu
sementara itu Perdana Menteri Syahrir
lebih memilih berjuang melalui jalur
diplomasi agar konflik ini segera
berakhir
[Musik]
hai hai
Hai kemudian terdapat kiriman telegram
dari Jendral Sudirman yang berisi
perintah untuk mempertahankan Bandung
sampai titik darah penghabisan
hal ini pun membuat AH Nasution dilanda
kebingungan antara menerima ultimatum
tersebut dan pergi dari Bandung atau
tetap mempertahankan bentuk
H Nasution pun mengadakan rapat untuk
membahas mengenai tindakan yang akan
diambil dalam menanggapi ultimatum
tersebut
Hai Berdasarkan hasil rapat tersebut AH
Nasution pun mengambil keputusan yaitu
penduduk dan tentara Indonesia
meninggalkan kota Bandung akan tetapi
kota Bandung dibumi hanguskan
Hai sahabat
Hai
menyendiri
keputusan dibumihanguskan nya Kota
Bandung diambil karena agar Kota Bandung
tidak dapat digunakan demi kepentingan
sekutu Selain itu AH Nasution mengetahui
tujuan utama sekutu di Bandung ialah
membantu NICA atau Belanda untuk
membangun kekuatan militer dengan
mendirikan markas militer di Bandung
[Musik]
alasan sekutu menginginkan Bandung
sebagai pangkalan militer yaitu karena
Bandung merupakan wilayah yang strategis
karena berada di tengah Pulau Jawa dekat
dengan ibukota Jakarta juga dekat dengan
kota-kota besar di Pulau Jawa lainnya
Hai
Selain itu Kota Bandung juga dikelilingi
oleh gunung-gunung yang tinggi yang
dapat menjadi benteng pertahanan alami
jika Bandung berhasil dikuasai tentunya
dapat mengancam kemerdekaan Indonesia
keesokan harinya yaitu pada tanggal 24
Maret
1946
disiarkan lah Perintah agar penduduk
meninggalkan kota Bandung
sementara itu para tentara melakukan
bumi hangus di sejumlah gedung-gedung di
kota Bandung
Hai
[Musik]
para penduduk mulai mengamankan barang
bawaan yang bisa mereka ambil sembari
membakar rumah mereka sendiri lalu
meninggalkan kota Bandung
hai hai
Hai mungkin sejumlah wilayah di kota
Bandung pun mulai terbakar seperti Braga
[Musik]
Cicadas
tegallega
dan wilayah lainnya pasukan sekutu pun
menyadari tindakan ini dan terjadilah
bentrokan di beberapa wilayah Untuk
menghentikan tindakan tersebut
di daerah Dayeuhkolot terjadi bentrokan
antara pasukan tentara Indonesia dengan
pasukan sekutu yang menjaga gudang
senjata
dua pejuang Indonesia yaitu Muhammad
Toha dan Muhamad Ramdan menyusup masuk
ke dalam gudang senjata untuk meledakkan
gudang senjata sekutu
Hai
menyenangkan dan terjadilah ledakan yang
sangat besar
ledakan tersebut membuat kedua pejuang
yaitu Muhammad Toha dan Muhamad Ramdan
ikut tewas dalam ledakan gudang tersebut
para pejuang dan penduduk terus membakar
gedung-gedung dan rumah-rumah di kota
Bandung lalu segera angkat kaki dari
kota Bandung untuk pengungsi
Hai senyum
e-learning
nyentuh dimalam itu keindahan kota
Bandung seketika sirna
langit berubah menjadi merah kepulan
asap yang membumbung tinggi membuat kota
Bandung berubah menjadi lautan api Mari
Hai Pagi harinya Kota Bandung seperti
kota mati yang tersisa hanyalah
puing-puing yang berserakan di seluruh
penjuru kota
[Musik]
Hai banget
peristiwa ini memperlihatkan kita sebuah
bentuk perlawanan bangsa Indonesia
terutama rakyat Bandung dalam menghadapi
sekutu yang ingin menguasai kota Bandung
hai juga
Hai under mereka rela membakar rumahnya
sendiri dan meninggalkan kota Bandung
yang Bahkan mereka sendiripun belum tahu
akan kemana setelah ini
akan tetapi hal ini merupakan bentuk
rasa cinta terhadap tanah airnya sendiri
yang rela mengorbankan semuanya demi
mempertahankan tanah air
peristiwa Bandung lautan api ini
diabadikan dengan didirikannya Monumen
Bandung lautan api di Tegal lega Bandung
ke
[Musik]
hai Untukmu peristiwa Bandung lautan api
ini adalah salah satu sejarah yang
heroik dan akan selalu dikenang
Karena tanpa adanya perlawanan dan
pengorbanan yang para pejuang dan rakyat
Bandung saat itu bisa saja kita tidak
akan bisa merasakan keindahan Bandung
seperti sekarang ini
[Musik]
sudah sepatutnya rasa cinta tanah air
yang ada di dalam diri para pahlawan
terdahulu kita tanamkan kembali saat ini
untuk menghargai jasa para pahlawan juga
fungsi dan memaknai Kemerdekaan dengan
hal-hal yang positif untuk Indonesia
yang lebih Banyumas
hai hai
[Musik]
تصفح المزيد من مقاطع الفيديو ذات الصلة
Mengenang 76 Tahun Bandung Lautan Api
SEJARAH BANDUNG LAUTAN API 23 MARET 1946
Asal Usul Bandung Lautan Api | ASAL USUL
Merdeka atau Mati: Pertempuran Besar Pertama Bangsa Indonesia
Video Asli: SEKUTU MENDARAT PERTAMA KALI DI INDONESIA (1945) | Sikap Inggris atas Indonesia Merdeka
Roro Jonggrang bahasa inggris
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