Grade 9 English Q1 Ep4: Modals 4

Summary

This engaging English learning video features hosts Sir DJ and Dan, who guide viewers through the nuances of modal verbs, or 'models,' in everyday conversation. They explore the formal and informal uses of these verbs, emphasizing politeness and appropriateness in language. With interactive activities, puns, and a heartfelt poem, the video aims to deepen understanding of modal verbs' roles in expressing permission, ability, and possibility. The session concludes with an assignment to compose an appreciation post for fathers, using the modal verbs discussed.

Takeaways

• 📚 The script is an educational video featuring Sir DJ and Dan, who aim to teach English in a fun and engaging way.
• 📝 The main focus of the lesson is on 'modal verbs', also known as 'auxiliary' or 'helping' verbs, which are used to add meaning to the main verb in a sentence.
• 🗣️ Modal verbs are categorized based on formality, with 'can' being informal, 'could' being more formal, and 'may' and 'might' being very formal.
• 🤔 The importance of using the correct formality level in language is emphasized to ensure politeness and appropriateness in various social contexts.
• 😄 The script uses humor, such as puns, to illustrate the flexibility and playfulness of language, making the learning experience enjoyable.
• 📖 The lesson explains that modal verbs can express permission, ability, necessity, possibility, and suggestions, highlighting their multi-functionality in English.
• 📚 The video provides examples and activities to help learners understand the different uses of modal verbs in everyday conversations.
• 📉 The script clarifies the difference between intrinsic meanings (like necessity and permission) and extrinsic meanings (like prediction and possibility) associated with modal verbs.
• 👨‍👧 The final part of the video includes a poem that uses modal verbs to tell a story, encouraging viewers to identify and understand their usage within the context.
• 💪 The video concludes with an assignment for viewers to compose an appreciation post for fathers using the modal verbs learned from the poem.
• 🌐 Viewers are invited to share their appreciation posts online using a specific hashtag, fostering a community of learners and encouraging engagement.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the video script?

The main purpose of the video script is to educate viewers on the use of modal verbs in English, while also providing a fun and engaging learning experience.

Who are the presenters in the video script?

The presenters in the video script are Sir DJ and Dan, who act as English learning buddies.

What is the role of modal verbs in English sentences according to the script?

Modal verbs, also known as helping verbs, assist the main verb in forming a sentence that is easily understood, playing a crucial part in the sentence structure.

How does the script introduce the concept of formality with modal verbs?

The script uses examples of sentences to illustrate the varying levels of formality that can be conveyed with different modal verbs, such as 'can' being informal, 'could' being formal, and 'may' and 'might' being very formal.

What is the significance of knowing the formality level of modal verbs?

Knowing the formality level of modal verbs is important to ensure politeness and appropriateness in English language use, as emphasized by the quote from William Feder.

What is a pun and how is it related to the script?

A pun is a joke that exploits the multiple meanings or similar sounds of words, and the script includes a pun about a bicycle being 'too tired' as an example of wordplay.

What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic meanings of modal verbs as mentioned in the script?

Intrinsic meanings of modal verbs show human control over events, including necessity, permission, and willingness. Extrinsic meanings involve human judgment about likelihood, often described as prediction or possibility.

How can modal verbs express different types of possibilities according to the script?

Modal verbs like 'can' and 'could' can express different types of possibilities, with 'can' indicating a more definite possibility and 'could' suggesting uncertainty or a less certain future action.

What is the function of 'must' and 'have to' in expressing necessity?

'Must' and 'have to' are used to express necessity, indicating that something needs to happen or be done, with 'have to' often reflecting a situational necessity rather than the speaker's decision.

How does the script use a poem to demonstrate the use of modal verbs?

The script recites a poem that includes various modal verbs, encouraging viewers to identify them and understand how they help deliver the poem's message.

What is the assignment given to the viewers at the end of the script?

The assignment is to compose an appreciation post using the modal verbs identified from the poem, with the aim of expressing gratitude to fathers, and to share these posts online with a specific hashtag.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to English Modals

The video script begins with an introduction to the concept of English modals, also known as helping verbs, which are used to assist the main verb in forming various tenses, moods, and voices. The hosts, Sir DJ and Dan, aim to make learning English fun and interactive. They introduce a game to help viewers understand the use of modals in different levels of formality, such as 'can' for informality and 'may' for a very formal request or permission. The importance of using the right level of formality in English is emphasized, quoting William Feder on politeness as a means of making friends.

05:01

😄 The Playful Side of Language: Puns and Modals

This section delves into the lighter side of language with puns, which are jokes based on the multiple meanings or similar sounds of words. A pun about a tired bicycle is shared to illustrate the concept. The script then returns to the topic of modals, explaining their use in expressing intentions, attitudes, necessity, possibility, offers, requests, and suggestions. The dual functions of some modals, like 'can' and 'could', are highlighted, showing how they can indicate both permission and ability.

10:04

🌡️ Weather, Health, and Social Implications of Modals

The script continues with examples of modals used to express general possibilities, such as the likelihood of hot weather in the Philippines or the potential health effects of smoking. It also touches on the intrinsic and extrinsic meanings of modal verbs, explaining how they can reflect human control over events (intrinsic) or human judgment about likelihood (extrinsic). The difference between 'must' and 'have to' is clarified, with 'have to' being less formal and more common in spoken English, while 'must' is used for conclusions about past, present, or future events.

15:05

🎓 Learning Activity: Modals in Poetry

An interactive learning activity is introduced where the hosts recite a poem and ask viewers to identify the modals used and their functions. The poem tells a story of growth and the constant presence of a father figure, with modals playing a role in conveying different stages of life and emotions. The activity aims to deepen the understanding of modals and their expressive power in language.

20:15

🏆 Assignment and Conclusion

The video concludes with an assignment for viewers to compose an appreciation post using the modals identified from the poem, with the theme of honoring fathers. The hosts encourage viewers to share their posts online with a specific hashtag. The episode ends on a motivational note, emphasizing the importance of continuous learning and looking forward to the next topic in the series.

🎵 Sign Off with Music

The final part of the script is a simple sign-off with background music, indicating the end of the episode without any additional content or dialogue.

Keywords

💡Modal Verbs

Modal verbs, also known as auxiliary verbs, are a type of verb that express necessity, possibility, permission, or ability. They are essential in English for forming polite requests, offers, and suggestions. In the video, modal verbs are the central theme, with examples provided to demonstrate their usage in different contexts, such as 'can' for ability and 'may' for permission.

💡Formality

Formality refers to the level of politeness or adherence to conventional rules in language use. The script discusses how different modal verbs can convey varying degrees of formality, which is crucial for effective communication. For instance, 'can' is described as less formal, while 'may' and 'might' are considered very formal and appropriate for polite requests or giving permission.

💡Pun

A pun is a form of wordplay that exploits multiple meanings of a term or similar-sounding words to create humor. The script includes a pun about a bicycle being 'too tired' to stand on its own, illustrating the fun aspect of language while also demonstrating how words can have different interpretations.

💡Intrinsic Meanings

Intrinsic meanings, in the context of modal verbs, relate to human control over events, such as expressing necessity, permission, or willingness. The video explains that modal verbs can have intrinsic uses, like 'can' when talking about permission, which shows the speaker's control over allowing an action.

💡Extrinsic Meanings

Extrinsic meanings involve human judgment about the likelihood of events, often described as prediction or possibility. The script mentions that modal verbs can also have extrinsic uses, such as 'can' in discussing the possibility of Manila being hot in summer, which reflects a judgment about the weather.

💡Necessity

Necessity is the requirement for something to happen or be done. The video explains that modal verbs like 'must' and 'have to' express necessity, indicating that an action is required. For example, 'must' is used to say that it is necessary to book a hotel room in advance.

💡Ability

Ability refers to the capacity to do something. The script uses 'can' and 'could' to illustrate the expression of ability, such as being able to run for three hours or lift a heavy box. These modals help convey what someone is capable of doing.

💡Permission

Permission is the consent given by one person to another to do something. The video script discusses how modal verbs like 'can' and 'may' are used to ask for or give permission, as in 'You can use my bag if you want,' showing the granting of permission.

💡Prediction

Prediction is the act of saying what will or might happen in the future. The script explains that modal verbs can be used to make predictions, such as 'might' in the sentence 'The duck egg might hatch in a few days,' which predicts a possible future event.

💡Appreciation

Appreciation is the recognition and enjoyment of the good qualities of someone or something. The video concludes with an activity to compose an appreciation post for fathers, using the modal verbs learned throughout the episode. This activity encourages learners to express gratitude using the English language.

Highlights

Introduction to the concept of modal verbs as 'models' that assist the main verb for sentence clarity.

Explanation of modals as auxiliary verbs that help the main verb to be easily understood.

The role of modal verbs in conveying politeness and appropriateness in English conversations.

Discussion on the difference between informal, formal, and very formal usage of modal verbs.

Fun activity involving asking and giving permission or requests to understand modal verb usage.

Illustration of how 'can' is used informally to show little formality.

Example of 'could' used in formal sentences to express permission.

Clarification on the very formal use of 'may' and 'might' for asking or giving permission.

Importance of knowing modal verb formality for effective and polite communication.

Introduction to the concept of puns as word plays exploiting different meanings or similar sounds.

Explanation of how modal verbs 'can' and 'could' have multiple functions, including permission and ability.

Discussion on the use of modal verbs to express intentions, attitudes, necessity, possibility, offers, requests, and suggestions.

Explanation of how modal verbs can affect the perceived politeness and impact on the listener.

Clarification on the grammatical structure of modal verbs followed by the base form of the verb.

Differentiation between intrinsic and extrinsic meanings of modal verbs, such as necessity vs. prediction.

Description of 'must' and 'have to' for expressing necessity or obligation.

Use of 'must' to draw conclusions about past, present, or future events.

Explanation of 'may' and 'might' for expressing formal permission and informal future possibilities.

Activity involving writing down modal verbs from a poem and understanding their usage and impact.

Assignment to compose an appreciation post using modal verbs from the poem to honor fathers.

Conclusion and encouragement to continue learning and engaging with the subject of English.

Transcripts

[Music]

hello there bright minds

i hope you're having a smashing day

we're here again

sir dj with our english learning buddy

dan to make sure you will learn and

we will have fun while studying english

so have your pen and your paper ready

because hand in hand we will once again

explore the wonders

of the universal language let's go

what do you think are these words

you're right these are models

just like what we have talked about last

time models

are auxiliary verbs or

helping verbs we use these models

with the infinitive verb or the base

form of the verb models helped the main

verb

a very important part of the sentence

for it to be easily understood

in assisting the main verb it got the

name

helping verb now i want you to think of

us

sir dj and dan as models

we are helping verbs and today

you are the main verb because we will

help you

be more familiar on how models are used

in our day-to-day conversations

are you up for it come on

let's start off with a simple activity

where we will focus

on asking and giving permission or a

request

in an appropriate way let's try what you

already know about this

by playing a short and fun game

then we'll be giving you a sentence for

you to write down

and tell me whether it is informal

formal or very formal trust me

this will be so easy are you ready

let's go

can i have a popcorn

if your answer is informal sentence then

you are correct

can is a model that is used to show

little formality

here's the next one

you could use the newly decorated

restroom

is this a formal sentence

yes it is as we've mentioned before

the model could expresses

more formality compared with can

what about this one students may refer

to page 15 of their modules

if you think that this statement is very

formal

then you are right the models

may and might express

a very formal way to ask or to give

permission

why should we know which model is formal

or informal

well that's because we want to be polite

in using the english language we should

always know what words would be most

appropriate to a conversation we are

involved in

and as william feder said politeness

is the most inexpensive way of making

friends

with the right words you can gain the

most valuable treasure

this world has to offer friendship

speaking of friends have you ever heard

of a pun

a pun is a joke exploiting the different

possible meanings

of a word or the fact that there are

words

which sound alike but have different

meanings

in short puns are word plays

and puns are fun

here's one why can't the bicycle stand

on its own

because it's too tired

[Laughter]

anyway have your friends ever told you

about this pun

yes you can but you may not

for example when you ask your friend if

you can take a piece

from her bag of chips you say

can i have one but your friend will then

crack one

by saying yes you can but you may not

can i borrow your headphones yes you can

but you may not can i go over your house

to study

yes you can but you may not

this old joke plays on different

interpretations of ken

you are asking for permission but then

your friend is talking about

ability this is due to the fact

that some models have multiple functions

some people might say that the way you

use can

is incorrect saying you should use

me may i have one

may i borrow your headphones may i go

over to your house to study

but as i have mentioned you are talking

to your friend here

so yeah you can also use can

as well as making simple statements or

asking questions

we may sometimes want to express our

intentions and attitudes

talk about necessity and possibility or

make

offers requests or suggestions

in these cases models can be very

helpful

models are used when we want to show our

attitude in what we are saying

or when we are considering how the words

we say

will affect the person we are talking to

if i say pick up the book

i might sound rude or bossy the person i

am talking to

might be offended but if i use a model

and say

could you pick up the book

this will be sent as a polite request

the person i am talking to might obey

willingly

because he was asked in a very nice way

as we have told you before models are

always

followed by the base form of the verb

for example we must bring our books

tomorrow

you can't say that

sometimes a model is followed by the

base form

of auxiliaries have

or be

you can't be late

i must have left my bag at home

we know that ken expresses permission

right

it can also be used to express ability

he can run for three hours

i can't lift that box it's too heavy

she can sing very well

and the model could can express an

ability

in the past when he was younger

he could run for three hours

last week i couldn't lift that box

before her surgery she could sing very

well

as i have mentioned a while ago there

are some models that have

multiple functions

can and could are also used to suggest

possible future actions

you can write this down if you want to

our country can be very hot

she could miss the last full show

note that ken expresses a more definite

possibility

than could if you want

i can bring my friends with me

if you want i could bring my friends

with me

can shows that it is more likely that i

will bring my friends

whereas there is uncertainty in using

could

in the second sentence could

can be used to say that something is

or was possibly true

my order could come late tonight

she could be working real hard on her

assignment right now

there could be some trouble on the way

up the mountain

on the other hand ken is sometimes

used to say that something is generally

possible smoking can

damage your respiratory system

being rude can make you lose friends

summer in the philippines can be very

hot

here are some fun facts higher level

descriptions of

english model verbs often distinguish

between two main types of meaning

described as intrinsic

and extrinsic meanings

intrinsic meanings are those which show

human control

over events so they include

meanings which are often described as

necessity

permission and willingness

on the other hand extrinsic meanings are

those which involve human judgment

about what is or isn't likely to happen

often described as prediction or

possibility

model verbs have both intrinsic and

extrinsic uses

for instance an intrinsic use of the

modal verb

can is in talking about permission

you can use my bag if you want

but an extrinsic use is in discussing

possibility

for example manila can be very hot in

summer

in some grammatical descriptions of

models

intrinsic meanings are described as

deontic and extrinsic meanings

are described as epistemic

see how the models can encode can have

different functions the same goes

for must have to

may and might

check out this example the employees

must wash their hands regularly

someone's knocking that must be the

delivery guy

notice that both sentences used must

but the meaning is different

the first sentence used the function

that we talked about before

using must to express obligation

while the second sentence used it to

show a

possibility or a conclusion about who

the person at the door might be

must and have to are used to say

that it is necessary that something

happens

or is done the beef strips must be

fried quickly you have to book a hotel

room in advance

have to or have got to is used to

describe

necessity resulting from a situation

which is not usually the speaker's

decision

we have to pay the balance a month

before we leave

you've got to take off your shoes before

you can go in

take note that have got to is less

formal

than have to and is more common in

spoken english

however have to is usually used with the

past

simple especially for questions and

negative structures

why did you have to go there without me

we didn't have to fall in line

must is sometimes used to draw

conclusions

about past present and future events

must plus have plus the past participle

is used to draw a conclusion about

something that

happened in the past i heard that you

moved out from your apartment

it must have been very hard doing it

alone

must plus b plus the verb in ing

is used to draw a conclusion about

something happening

at the time of speaking dan

is not here he must be preparing the

lessons for tomorrow

must plus b plus the verb in ing

are sometimes used to draw a conclusion

about something that is likely to happen

in the future his car is outside

they must be leaving soon

in the previous episodes we learned

that mei and might are used to ask or to

give permission

did you know that these models can also

express

possibility listen to these examples

there may be other people waiting for

you outside

i think the book might cost around 300

pesos

in informal speech might is more common

when we talk about

what a person will possibly do in the

future

he might go to your birthday party on

wednesday

your teacher might collect your

portfolio soon

on the flip side may is used in formal

descriptions

this duck egg may hatch in a few days

from

see how models can have so many

functions

believe it or not these are just few of

them

there are more ways on how our models

can be utilized in our sentences

now let's see how well you know your

models

for this activity i will recite a poem

and i want you to write down the models

used in the poem

while listening you will then take note

of how the model was used

and how did it help the verb in

delivering a message

are you ready make sure you have your

pen and paper with you

here we go i can tie my shoe

when i was born you were here in your

eye i can see a tear

time flies and already i'm too

look pa i can tie my shoe

before you know it i turned six back

then

i could only pick up sticks immediately

i turned 10

i can't even dance back then

i'm already 12 in my pre-teen years

you were always there so i could face my

fears

15 i finished high school you said i

have to look

cool at 19 i started to teach

you said success is within reach you

were always asking

you always bother when will i be a

grandfather

another year down the road a lot of

sweat and tears have slowed

and then i was told you can't stop

getting old

then your age sets in and it scared me

so

not long after you said you have to go

now i regret not saying goodbye when i

think about it i can't help but cry

i must look forward to the day when the

little me might say

what i told you when i was two

look pa i can tie my shoe

you able to write down the models i'm

sure you did

i also hope you were able to understand

what the poem is trying to tell us

salute to our fathers who never left our

side

in good times and in bad know that your

efforts are greatly appreciated

you guys are heroes and as hercules said

a true hero isn't measured by the size

of his strength

but by the strength of his heart

you did an amazing job in our activity

for that

you get a two thumbs up from your

learning buddies sir dj

and dan for your assignment

i want you to compose an appreciation

post

using the models you've written down

from our poem

try to come up with the short message

that would express

our appreciation to our dear fathers who

never got tired

of protecting us and keeping us safe

as a title you can use using the

universal language

to honor our universal heroes

you can upload your outputs online using

the hashtag

the universal heroes and in the next

episode

jan and i will read the best output we

can find online

are you ready for that i'm sure you are

and that concludes our episode today

i can't believe we're already done i

hope you had an amazing time with us

today

your english learning buddies then

answer dj

and hey i hope to see you again in the

next episode

because we are going to talk about

another exciting topic

about the english subject interested

then tune in with us again next time and

as i always say

remember to never stop learning because

life

never stops teaching see you in the next

one bye

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