ASAL-USUL GARUT || (Sejarah Berdirinya Kabupaten Garut)

Summary

The script narrates the historical and geographical significance of Garut city, West Java, Indonesia. It originated from the dissolution of Limbangan in 1811 and was renamed Garut in 1913, influenced by a mispronunciation by a Dutchman. The city's development is divided into three periods, marked by the establishment of government buildings, infrastructure, and tourism. Garut's growth is characterized by its natural beauty, surrounded by mountains, and its rich history, which includes the establishment of hotels and agriculture. The script also discusses the debate over the city's founding day, which was initially celebrated on May 7 but later recognized as February 16, based on historical findings.

Takeaways

• 📍 Geographically, Garut is located far from Bandung, the capital of West Java, serving as a buffer and hinterland for the Greater Bandung area.
• 🏛 The history of Garut began with the dissolution of the Limbangan Regency in 1811 by Daendels due to declining coffee production and resistance to planting indigo.
• 🗓️ On February 16, 1813, Lieutenant Governor Raffles issued a decision to reestablish Limbangan Regency in the Sacred Area, which was deemed unsuitable due to its limited space.
• 🔍 The search for a new capital led to the discovery of Cimurah, which was later rejected due to difficulties in obtaining clean water.
• 🌿 The committee then found a suitable area 5 km west of Suci, with fertile land, a water source flowing into the Cimanuk River, and surrounded by mountains.
• 💧 The name 'Garut' originated from a mispronunciation by a European who confused 'kakarut' (thorny) with 'Gagarut', leading to the naming of the thorny plants as 'Ki Garut' and the lake as 'Cigarut'.
• 🏗️ Garut was officially declared the new capital of Limbangan Regency on September 15, 1813, with the laying of the first stone for the construction of government facilities and infrastructure.
• 🛤️ The physical development of Garut city was divided into three periods, with the first period from 1813 to 1920 characterized by linear growth and the establishment of Dutch colonial government buildings.
• 🏨 The second period from 1920 to 1940 saw concentric development with the emergence of city facilities such as train stations, post offices, pharmacies, schools, hotels, and markets.
• 🏞️ The third period from 1940 to the 1960s followed the core-multiplication theory, with growth in trade, education, housing, and population in designated zones.
• 🗓️ The name change from Limbangan to Garut and the establishment of Garut as the capital city occurred on July 1, 1913, with Raden Wiratanudatar as the incumbent bupati.
• 🎉 Garut's beauty spread worldwide, making it a popular tourist destination, and its anniversary is celebrated on September 15, based on the historical findings of September 15, 1813.

Q & A

What is the geographical significance of Garut city in relation to Bandung?

Garut city is strategically located as a buffer and hinterland for the Greater Bandung area, serving as an important support for the region.

What historical event led to the establishment of Garut as a city?

The establishment of Garut as a city began with the dissolution of the Limbangan Regency in 1811 due to declining coffee production and resistance to the cultivation of indigo by the local regent.

Why was Cimurah initially considered as the new capital for the Limbangan Regency?

Cimurah was initially considered because it was located approximately 3 km east of the original capital, Suci. However, it was rejected due to difficulties in obtaining clean water.

How did the name 'Garut' originate?

The name 'Garut' originated from a mispronunciation by a European who confused the local term 'kakarut' (thorny) with 'Gagarut', which eventually became 'Garut'.

What significant event occurred on February 16, 1813, regarding the Limbangan Regency?

On February 16, 1813, Lieutenant Governor Raffles issued a decision to re-establish the Limbangan Regency in the Sacred Region, which was later deemed unsuitable due to its limited area.

What natural features contributed to the selection of the new capital site for the Limbangan Regency?

The new capital site was chosen for its fertile land, the presence of a spring that flows into the Cimanuk River, and its beautiful surroundings, including several mountains such as Gunung Cikuray and Gunung Papandayan.

When was the foundation stone laid for the construction of the new capital's infrastructure in Garut?

The foundation stone was laid on September 15, 1813, marking the beginning of the construction of government buildings, residences, offices, and other infrastructure.

What was the significance of the date May 7, 1913, in the history of Garut?

May 7, 1913, is significant because it marks the day when the Limbangan Regency's name was officially changed to Garut Regency and Garut was established as its capital.

How did the city of Garut develop physically during its early years?

The physical development of Garut was divided into three periods. The first period, from 1813 to 1920, saw linear growth with the city filled with Dutch colonial government buildings and investments in agriculture, mining, and tourism.

What facilities and services were developed during the second period of Garut's growth, between 1920 and 1940?

During the second period, the city's development was more concentric, with changes in the city's face due to the establishment of facilities such as a railway station, post office, pharmacy, schools, hotels, and markets.

What is the current understanding of Garut's founding day based on historical research?

Based on historical research findings, the founding day of Garut is now considered to be February 16, 1813, rather than the previously celebrated date of May 7, as it marks the first appearance of the name 'Garut' and the beginning of its development.