Learn LUA, The Basics | Episode 1
Summary
TLDRThis episode of 'Learning Lua' introduces the basics of the Lua programming language, covering its history, usage in various applications like game development, and how to write simple scripts. Topics include printing messages, variables, functions, math equations, text inputs, and if statements. The tutorial concludes with a challenge to create a sales tax calculator.
Takeaways
- 📜 Lua was created in 1993 and is versatile, used in applications like Roblox, 5M Love, and more.
- 💻 Lua can be edited in various programs, including Roblox Studio, Visual Studio Code, Atom, and any text editor.
- 📝 Comments in Lua are made using `--` for single lines or `--[[]]` for multi-line comments.
- 🖨 The `print` function in Lua is used to output text or variables to the console, enclosed in quotation marks.
- 🔑 Variables in Lua are declared with `local` to limit their scope to the script, followed by the variable name and assignment.
- 📚 Lua functions are defined using `local function functionName() end` and can be executed multiple times as needed.
- 🔢 Basic math operations in Lua include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and exponentiation, stored in variables or printed directly.
- 📉 Lua supports different ways to perform and print math equations, with variables for reusability and direct print for simplicity.
- 📑 Text input in Lua is handled through the command prompt, using `io.read()` to capture user input and store it in a variable.
- 🔄 Lua's `if` statements allow conditional execution of code based on comparisons like equality (`==`), inequality (`~=`), less than (`<`), and greater than (`>`).
- 🛒 The tutorial concludes with a challenge to create a sales tax calculator, demonstrating Lua's practical application in simple calculations.
Q & A
What is the history of the Lua programming language?
-Lua was born in 1993 and has been used in various applications including game development, math equations, and more.
Can Lua be used in Roblox?
-Yes, Lua can be used in Roblox, and it is one of the primary languages supported by the platform.
What are some programs where you can edit Lua code?
-Lua code can be edited in many programs such as Roblox Studio, Visual Studio Code, Atom, or any text editor like Notepad++.
What is the basic syntax for a comment in Lua?
-In Lua, a comment is made with two dashes (--) followed by the comment text. For multi-line comments, use --[[ and ]].
How do you print a message in Lua?
-In Lua, you use the 'print' function followed by parentheses containing the message in quotation marks, for example, 'print("Hello, World")'.
What does the 'local' keyword do in Lua?
-The 'local' keyword in Lua is used to declare a variable that is local to the block of code where it is defined, not accessible globally.
How do you define a variable in Lua?
-In Lua, you define a variable with 'local' followed by the variable name and then the assignment operator '=', for example, 'local hi = "Hello!"'.
What is a function in Lua and how do you define one?
-A function in Lua is a block of code that can be executed multiple times. It is defined using 'local function functionName()' followed by the function's code block enclosed in 'then' and 'end'.
How can you perform simple math operations in Lua?
-In Lua, you can perform simple math operations by using variables and arithmetic operators like '+', '-', '*', '/', and '^' for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and exponentiation, respectively.
How do you handle text input in Lua?
-Text input in Lua is handled using the 'io.read' function, which reads a line from the standard input and returns it as a string that can be stored in a variable.
What is an 'if' statement and how is it used in Lua?
-An 'if' statement in Lua is used for conditional execution. It checks if a condition is true and executes the code block under 'then'. If the condition is false, it executes the code block under 'else', if present.
How can you create a sales tax calculator in Lua as suggested in the tutorial?
-To create a sales tax calculator in Lua, you would define variables for the price and tax rate, perform the calculation for the tax amount, and then print the original price, price with tax, and the tax amount.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Lua Programming
This paragraph introduces the Lua programming language, highlighting its origins in 1993 and its versatility in applications beyond game development. The speaker discusses the use of Lua in Roblox, 5M Love, and other platforms, emphasizing its capabilities for mathematical operations, printing, and more. The tutorial begins by teaching how to write comments in Lua using '--', and then moves on to demonstrate how to print messages using the 'print' function. The paragraph also covers setting variables, working with functions, simple math equations, if-then statements, and text inputs. The speaker provides examples of how to declare variables with 'local', print variable values, and create functions that can be executed on demand.
🔢 Working with Variables and Functions in Lua
In this section, the focus shifts to variables and functions in Lua. The speaker explains how to declare variables using 'local' and assign values to them, demonstrating with examples like 'local hi = "hello"'. The concept of printing variable values is further explored, showing how to output both strings and numbers. Functions are introduced as blocks of code that can be executed when called, with an example function named 'howdy' that prints 'howdy partner'. The paragraph also delves into simple math equations, illustrating how to perform operations like addition, multiplication, subtraction, and division, and how to print the results. The speaker prefers the first method of handling math equations for its flexibility in changing values quickly. The discussion concludes with a brief mention of text inputs, showing how to prompt the user for their name and print a personalized greeting.
📝 Text Inputs and If Statements in Lua
This paragraph covers the process of handling text inputs in Lua, starting with opening the command prompt and running Lua files. The speaker guides through navigating to the directory containing the Lua file and executing it. Text inputs are demonstrated by printing a question to the user, reading the input using 'io.read', and storing it in a variable. The speaker also explains how to concatenate strings and variables using '..' to create personalized messages. The paragraph then moves on to if statements, explaining the syntax and logic behind conditional statements. Examples are given to illustrate how to compare variables and print different messages based on whether conditions are met. The speaker concludes with a challenge for the audience to create a sales tax calculator, providing a brief walkthrough of their own solution, which calculates and prints the original price, price with tax, and the tax amount.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Lua
💡Roblox
💡Comment
💡Variable
💡Function
💡Math Equations
💡Text Input
💡If Statement
💡Sales Tax Calculator
Highlights
Introduction to the basics of Lua programming language.
Lua was first created in 1993 and is versatile for various applications including game development.
Lua can be used in platforms like Roblox, 5M Love, and more.
Lua is not limited to game development; it can also handle math equations and text printing.
Editing Lua can be done in various programs such as Roblox Studio, Visual Studio Code, Atom, or any text editor.
Explanation of how to write comments in Lua using '--' for single line and '--[[' for multi-line.
Demonstration of the 'print' function to display messages in Lua.
Introduction to variables in Lua with 'local' keyword and how to assign values.
How to use variables in print statements to output dynamic content.
Introduction to functions in Lua, defining them with 'local function' and using them.
Explanation of running functions multiple times and changing their output.
Basic math operations in Lua including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Different methods to perform and print math equations in Lua.
Guide on how to get text input from the user in Lua using 'io.read'.
How to use if statements for conditional execution in Lua with 'if', 'then', 'else', and 'end'.
Challenge for the audience to create a sales tax calculator using Lua.
Solution to the sales tax calculator challenge with step-by-step explanation.
Encouragement for practice and improvement in Lua programming.
Invitation to follow for more tutorials and to check the GitHub for code examples.
Transcripts
welcome to episode 1 of learning lua
today we're going to be talking about
the basics
some history on the programming language
lua lua was born in 1993 and lua can be
used in roblox 5m love and much much
more it's not only for game development
you can do math equations print things
and have a lot of fun with it
you can edit lua in many programs you
can do it in roblox studio visual studio
code atom any text editor or notepad
plus plus
in this tutorial you're going to be
working on printing messages setting
variables working with functions simple
math equations
if then statements and text inputs
so the first thing we're going to note
down a little basic really quick to make
a comment you do dash dash and then your
comment so i we're going to be starting
with printing so i'm gonna write
printing
and these are not part of the code but
if you don't have the dash dash or
hyphen hyphen printing
will give you an error and your code is
not gonna work and to make uh printing
with several lines you do dash dash and
then bracket bracket and enter
and now your um your comment can last
over several lines so i do this to like
uh put like credits to my work or
tutorials instead of having to do that
so printing
we're going to start by writing print
because this is saying that we're going
to do a print and then underneath our
parentheses this is basically going to
print whatever inside of here and then
we're going to put two quotation marks
inside of these quotation marks we're
going to put hello
world
and
since there's quotation marks we're
going to be outputting words you can
also print
um you could also print variables but
we're going to get into that later so
now there's two ways of writing the code
we can do run file and there we have
hello world and our second method we'll
be getting into very shortly
all right now we're going to be starting
with variables so we start off our
variable with local this means that it's
going to be stored inside of our script
and not through server scripts so we're
going to name
for example i'm going to name my
variable hi
so it's a logo in our script hi the name
of it and
our variable is going to equal so our
variable is going to mean the word so
uh quotation marks and then
hello then exclamation point you can put
anything inside of these quotation marks
and you see how the high is gray it's
not being used it will light up once we
use it another example of a variable we
can do local and then let's say we want
to put a number in our variable
number and then we could have like the
number 2 for example
and then let's say we want to print our
variable we can do
print and then parentheses because we're
printing whatever inside of our
parentheses and then we're just going to
type instead of typing hello
instead of that we're just going to type
hi
and now
it's going to print
hello where hi is and then we can also
do print and then number
and now it's going to print hello and
then 25.
now we're moving on to our functions it
functions a piece of code that can be
ran whenever you ask it to it won't run
until you specify it to run it can be
run a limited amount of times so we're
going to do local because it's going to
be stored inside of our code and instead
of print or a variable we're going to
type function
and then the name of the function so
let's name this one howdy
and then two parentheses because i'm
gonna be using a subject and then we're
gonna drop two lines
and then type end this means that we're
gonna end our function so whatever
inside of here is basically what our
function is so we can print we can do
anything we want so print
and then howdy partner
and i wouldn't so we run our function
we're going to print the words howdy
partner
so now to run our function we're going
to do howdy
and then if we run the code we will get
howdy partner
and
uh it's not going to run if we delete
heidi partner and we can do this
tons of times
and then we'll get four howdy partners
now we're going to be working a simple
math equations this is my favorite part
there's going to be three ways to type a
math equation the first thing we can do
is a local a so we're going to make a
variable that's going to equal 1 and 2.
so local a is 1
and then local b is going to equal 2.
and now
we're going to make a variable for our
answer and our answer is going to be 1
plus 2 so a plus b so local answer
equals a plus b
and we could do a plus b a times b a
minus b a divided by b
and we can do exponents and lots of more
types of equations and now that we uh
have our answer we're going to do print
and then answer
and now we have printed our answer which
is three our second way that we can do
this
is we can just do print one
two
and then that's also gonna equal three
it's just that
i don't prefer printing these because
let's say you wanna like change a number
really fast you'll have to manually
change it every time you print these
numbers
our third and final way that we can do
this is the local we can do x and y for
this one so let go x is going to equal
one
and local y is going to equal 2
and then we can print
x plus y
the shortest one is the second method
but they're all going to equal the same
thing as we can see we have three threes
i would prefer to do the first method
because you can change everything really
fast like i can change my equation
uh
so i print my answer several times the
same way instead of having to manually
change it each time
and now we're going to be moving on the
text input the first thing is we're
going to need to open up our command
prompt assuming that you have lua
installed and you're going to run this
fine and right now we're under my user
directory so i'm going to open up my
file explorer and here we have our
directory that we want
we're going to need to go to our
directory that has our file in it so
then we can run the file from command
prompt so we can type in our info so
i
am currently where i want to be so i can
copy this command
and we're going to use cd so cd stands
for change directory so cd i'm going to
type in the directory i want
and since i have cd twice we're just
gonna cd once and now we're under lua
now that we're in the directory we want
we're gonna do lua because we're using
lua and then lua
tutorial
this is now we're going to run it and
here we have our output that we wanted
so now for text inputs
we're going to print a question so we
can print
what's your
name
and then right after this we're going to
do backward slash n this means that
we're going to drop a line
so it's going to print
one text of line and that's going to
drop it for us
and now to uh get our name we're gonna
do look we're gonna create a variable
named our name
and then we're gonna equal i o dot read
parentheses then a semicolon this is
gonna read our input and store it as our
name
and now we can do
hi and then we're going to do a space
and this part might get a bit confusing
so after we've printed our space outside
of our quotation marks we're going to do
dot dot and the two dots mean that we're
adding on a string so you can go from
quotations to a variable to
non-quotations and it
can go on and on so it's going to be hi
and then our name and then dot dot and
then more quotation marks and we're
going to put an exclamation point in
there so now if we go to command prompt
and run that it's going to ask her name
is and i'll say ethan
and it will say hi ethan
and there you can ask other questions
and store it i've once made a story out
of it asking you questions and then it
will start as variables
now we're on to if statements so this
can be like if the number one equals the
number one then we're gonna print
something and if it does not equal one
then we're gonna print something else so
we can start with local we can do
uh first
and then we're just gonna set that to
the number six
and then local second so we're gonna set
two variables that are equivalent to six
and now we're gonna do if this is saying
if
first then
then we're going to equal equal this
means equivalent if we do one equal sign
it's going to think as a variable or
something else
so if first is equivalent to second
and then we're going to do then and now
that we're gonna drop a line
we're going to print
uh we can just print correct
and then we're gonna go back and then
else and then we're gonna print
not correct
and then we're gonna end it
just like how we ended our function so
we're gonna do end
and now if we run it
it will say correct
so now if we run it it's going to say
correct but then
let's say
we can change it to nine
so if first is equivalent so six is
equivalent to nine we run it
it's going to say not correct we can do
unequivalent
so it'd be a
squiggly and then equal
and it's gonna be correct
because six is not equivalent to nine
then we can do less than
so if six is less than nine it's correct
or it could be greater than nine
and then we can do less than error equal
to nine
and then it will output the same exact
things
now that we've finished this tutorial
we're gonna do a challenge
so what you're going to do you're going
to make you're going to make a sales tax
calculator so what you're going to do is
you're going to set a variable for the
price and the tax rate and then you're
going to make a variable that does the
math and then it will output the price
without the tax the price with the tax
and the amount of tax included i'll give
you a few minutes and then i'll show you
what i got
so here's what i got
i set a variable for our price tax rate
and our price is twenty dollars so our
tax rate in michigan is six uh and six
percent
and we're gonna
calculate our tax by uh multiplying 20
by point zero six which is
twenty six
twenty times six percent and then our
total we're just going to add our price
to our text
right
and then it will print all of what we
wanted it to print so we have our
starting price twenty dollars price with
tax twenty one dollars and twenty cents
our tax is a dollar twenty and our tax
rate is six percent
thank you so much for following this
tutorial please feel free to leave a
like and subscribe with notifications on
for our next tutorial which will uh grow
in intensity
uh please practice practice will get you
a lot better i've been doing lua for a
couple years and i've just been getting
serious with it and it's a lot of fun
once you know it
if you want the code it will be on my
github in the description and please ask
any questions in the comments have a
nice day
تصفح المزيد من مقاطع الفيديو ذات الصلة
Printing - Roblox Beginners Scripting Tutorial #2 (2024)
Curso Python #04 - Primeiros comandos em Python3
Introduction to C++ | Lecture 1 | C++ and DSA Foundation Course
Arduino Lesson 2 - digitalRead & digitalWrite
#9: If Else Statements in C | C Programming for Beginners
Python Tutorial for Beginners 1: Install and Setup for Mac and Windows
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)