03. Folder Structure - Laravel 11 tutorial for beginners
Summary
TLDRIn this informative video, Tony offers an in-depth overview of the Laravel framework's folder structure. He explains the purpose of key directories such as 'app', 'bootstrap', 'config', 'database', 'public', 'resources', 'routes', 'storage', 'tests', and 'vendor', highlighting their roles in application logic, startup processes, configuration, database management, and dependency management. The explanation includes details on models, controllers, migrations, factories, seeders, views, and the significance of the .env file for storing application settings. The video aims to educate viewers on navigating and utilizing Laravel's architecture effectively.
Takeaways
- 😀 The 'app' directory in Laravel is the core of the application logic, containing models, controllers, and providers.
- 🔍 Controllers in the 'app/Http' subdirectory handle HTTP requests and interact with the application's logic.
- 📚 Models represent database tables and facilitate data querying and record insertion.
- 🛠 The 'bootstrap' directory is essential for the application's startup process, including the central 'app.php' file.
- 🔧 The 'config' directory holds configuration files that define how the application operates, such as database connections and mail server settings.
- 🗂 The 'database' directory includes migration files for table structure definition and seeders for populating test data.
- 🏭 'Factories' help generate realistic test data for database tables, useful for seeding and testing.
- 🌐 The 'public' directory serves as the document root and stores files accessible via web browsers, including the entry point 'index.php'.
- 📁 The 'Resources' directory stores non-web-accessible resources like asset files and Blade template files.
- 🔄 'Blade' templates are compiled into standard HTML pages served to the browser by Laravel's templating engine.
- 🛤️ The 'route' directory defines application routes that map URLs to specific controller actions.
- 💾 The 'storage' directory is used for storing various files, including application-generated files, framework files, and logs.
- 🔬 The 'test' directory is dedicated to writing automated tests, with 'feature' tests for user interactions and 'unit' tests for individual code components.
- 📦 The 'vendor' directory manages project dependencies, including third-party libraries and the core Laravel framework.
- 🔑 The '.env' file is a special configuration file that stores critical information for the application in key-value pairs.
Q & A
What is the primary purpose of the 'app' directory in a Laravel project?
-The 'app' directory in a Laravel project is where the core logic of the application resides, including the STP models and providers, and it contains controllers for handling requests and models for interacting with the database.
What role do controllers play in a Laravel application?
-Controllers in Laravel are used for the logic associated with HTTP requests, serving as a bridge between the incoming requests and the application's models.
Can you explain the function of models in Laravel?
-Models in Laravel are used to interact with the database. Each database table has a corresponding model that allows querying for data and inserting new records into the table.
What is the significance of the 'bootstrap' directory in Laravel?
-The 'bootstrap' directory is crucial for the application startup process, also known as bootstrapping, and it contains key elements for setting up Laravel, including the 'app.php' file which is central to bootstrapping the framework.
What is the purpose of the 'config' directory in Laravel?
-The 'config' directory is the central location for all application configuration files, defining various settings that control how the application operates, such as database connections, mail server settings, queue services, session configurations, and more.
What does the 'database' directory contain and why is it important?
-The 'database' directory stores files related to managing the application's database, including factories for generating test data, and migrations for defining and modifying database table structures over time.
What are seeders and how are they useful in Laravel?
-Seeders in Laravel are classes that help generate realistic test data for database tables, which is useful for seeding the database with simple data for testing purposes.
What is the role of the 'public' directory in a Laravel application?
-The 'public' directory in Laravel is crucial for storing files that need to be accessible by users through the web browser, acting as the document root of the application and containing static assets like images, CSS, JavaScript, and fonts, as well as the entry point 'index.php'.
What is the purpose of the 'resources' directory in Laravel?
-The 'resources' directory is used for storing various application resources that are not meant to be directly accessed on the web, such as assets and view templates before they are published or compiled.
What is the significance of the 'routes' directory in Laravel?
-The 'routes' directory is where all the routes for the application are defined, mapping URLs to specific controller actions that handle incoming requests, and benefiting from features like session state, CSRF protection, and cookie encryption provided by Laravel's web middleware group.
What does the 'storage' directory store in a Laravel application?
-The 'storage' directory is a central location for storing various files used by the framework and the application, including the 'app' subdirectory for generated files, the 'framework' subdirectory for files created by Laravel, and the 'logs' subdirectory for log files containing application activity information.
What is the purpose of the 'test' directory in Laravel?
-The 'test' directory is dedicated to writing automatic tests for the application, housing feature tests that simulate user interactions and unit tests that focus on isolated units of code to verify individual functionalities.
What is the role of the 'vendor' directory in a Laravel project?
-The 'vendor' directory manages dependencies for the Laravel project, housing all third-party libraries and packages that the project relies on, including the core Laravel framework and any additional packages installed using Composer, the dependency management tool.
What information does the '.env' file store in a Laravel application?
-The '.env' file in Laravel is a special configuration file that stores critical information for the application, essentially a text file with key-value pairs where the key is the variable name and the value is the actual data.
Outlines
📁 Understanding Laravel's Folder Structure
This paragraph introduces the folder structure of a Laravel project, focusing on the 'app' directory where the core logic resides. It explains the role of the 'STP' (Service, Transfer, Presentation) models and providers, and how controllers handle logic with HTTP requests. Models are highlighted as the interface for database interaction, allowing data queries and record insertion. The paragraph also touches on the 'bootstrap' directory's importance in application startup, the 'config' directory for application settings, and the 'database' directory for database management, including factories for test data generation and migrations for table structure definition.
🌐 Laravel's Routing and Additional Directories
The second paragraph delves into Laravel's routing system, located in the 'route' directory, which maps URLs to specific controller actions for handling incoming requests. It mentions the 'web' file for web interface routes and the associated security features provided by Laravel's middleware. The 'storage' directory is introduced as a central location for storing various application files, including user-generated content and framework-created files. The 'logs' directory is noted for storing application activity logs. The 'test' directory is highlighted for housing both feature and unit tests, simulating user interactions and verifying individual code functionalities, respectively. The 'vendor' directory is explained as managing project dependencies, including third-party libraries and the core Laravel framework. Lastly, the '.env' file is described as a critical configuration file with key-value pairs for application settings.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Laravel
💡Folder Structure
💡App Directory
💡Models
💡Providers
💡Bootstrap Directory
💡Config Directory
💡Database Directory
💡Migrations
💡Seeders
💡Public Directory
💡Resources Directory
💡Routes
💡Storage Directory
💡Test Directory
💡Vendor Directory
💡.env File
Highlights
Introduction to the folder structure in Laravel.
Explanation of the 'app' directory as the core logic of the Laravel application.
Description of the 'STP models' and 'providers' within the 'HTP' subdirectory.
Role of 'controllers' in handling STP requests and application logic.
Importance of 'models' for database table interaction and data manipulation.
Simplification in Laravel 11 with only one provider, contrasting with previous versions.
Explanation of the 'bootstrap' directory's role in the application startup process.
Details on the 'app.php' file as the central piece for bootstrapping Laravel.
Overview of the 'config' directory for application configuration files.
Common configurations in Laravel, such as database connections and mail server settings.
Introduction to the 'database' directory for managing database-related files.
Purpose of 'factories' for generating realistic test data for database tables.
Description of 'migrations' for defining and modifying database table structures.
Explanation of 'seeders' for populating the database with test data using factories.
Role of the 'public' directory as the document root for web-accessible files.
Importance of the 'Resources' directory for storing non-web-accessible application resources.
Function of 'Blade templates' in defining the structure and layout of the application.
Introduction to the 'route' directory for defining application routes and URL mappings.
Details on the 'web' file for defining web interface routes with Laravel middleware features.
Overview of the 'storage' directory for storing framework and application files.
Explanation of the 'test' directory for writing automated tests in Laravel.
Differentiation between 'feature' tests for user interactions and 'unit' tests for isolated code units.
Role of the 'vendor' directory in managing project dependencies and third-party libraries.
Introduction to the '.env' file for storing critical configuration information.
Summary of the video content and call to action for viewers to subscribe and engage with the channel.
Transcripts
Hello friends Tony here welcome so in
this video I'm going to explain you the
folder structure on laravel and here we
have the larel project we have some
folders and files and let's start with
the app directory so the app directory
is where the logic of our app is and
here we have the STP models and
providers
subdirectory so inside the HTP folder we
Define the controller we using them for
the logic with the STP request and then
we have models now each database table
has a corresponding model which is used
to interact with that table and models
allow you to query for data in your
tables as well as insert new records in
uh the table then we have a providers
and in L level we have only one
provider on previous version since we
had more than that so here we can
register any application services and
boost up any application Services okay
let's start with second one which is the
bootstrap directory so the bootstrap
directory inel is crucial for the
application startup process also known
as bopping and it contains several key
elements for setting up the larel here
we have the app PHP file this file in
larel 11 acts as the central piece for
bootstrapping the LEL the global
configuration file it loads the
framework and configures auto loading
for your projects
classes we have also the providers here
we're going to register all the
providers okay now let's start with the
config directory and also we have some
files here uh in the previous V versions
also here we had more than what we have
right now with the L 11 we have more
clean uh project so the config directory
in larel is the central location for all
your uh applications configuration files
and this files define various settings
that control how your application
operates some of the common things you
can configure included database
connection as you can see here uh mail
server uh quiz Services session and so
on okay then we have the database
directory so the database directory
stores files related to managing your
applications database and also we have
the database SQL light here as you can
see we have factories so this are
classes that help you generate realistic
test data for your database tables and
this is useful for seeding your database
with simple data for testing then we
have migrations migration these are the
files that Define the structure of your
data datase tables and lel's migration
system allow you to create and modify
tables over time in a controlled way and
we are going to learn them more at the
course let's close then we have this
seders directory so this are files that
contain this are files that contain code
to populate your database with test data
using the factories mentioned
earlier all okay then we have the public
directory so in larav the public
directory is a crucial folder for
storing files that need to be accessible
by users through the web browser so it
acts as the document route of your
application and what we can store here
we can static assets like images CSS
JavaScript and fonts and also as you can
see contains the this index. PHP file
the entry point for your larel
application so this is the entry point
index inside the public directory okay
then we have the Resources directory and
in LEL this directory is a location for
storing various application resources
that are not meant to be directly
accessed on the web so the opposite of
the public directory is the Resources
directory so it acts as a stage in area
for assets and view templates before
they are published or compiled and here
for example we have
CSS uh JS
files and also the views and this
directory stores blade template files
that Define the structure and layout of
your
application and lar templates engine
this blade. blade. PHP compiles this
files into standard HTML pages that are
served to the
browser okay next let's see the route
directory so the route directory in
larel is where you defined all the
routes for your application and this
routes map URLs the specific controller
action that handled in Comming requests
and L automatically loads the routes
files you defined in here by default the
L comes with these two files the console
and the web we are going to work with
web
mostly so this file defines routes for
you your web interface and this routes
typically benefit from features like a
session State csrf protection and cookie
encryption which are provided by the web
middleware group in larel okay then we
have this console here we're going to
register the Artisan commands Sher and
so
on next we have the storage directory
the storage directory in is a central
location for storing various files used
by the framework and your application we
have the app subdirectory this
subdirectory can store any files your
application generates uploaded user
avatars and so on then we have the
framework this subdirectory stores files
created by larav itself such as compiled
blade templates file based session Etc
then we have
logs these subdirectory store log files
containing information about your
application's activity okay then we have
the test directory and the test
directory in L is dedicated to writing
automatic test for your application and
we have the feature and unit
subdirectories here so let's start with
the features this subdirectory houses
feature test and this test simulate user
interactions with your application often
involving multiple components working
together then we have the unit
subdirectory this subdirectory stores
unit test this test focus on isolated
units of your code typically a single
class or a method and they aim to verify
the correctness of individual
functionalities okay then we have the
vendor directory and the vendor
directory in laravel manages
dependencies for your project it houses
all the third- party libraries and
packages that your project relies on the
function this includes the core drial
framework itself along with any
additional packages you've installed
using composer
dependency management tool and here we
have
laravel itself as you can
see okay and then we have some files
here but what I'm going to show you in
this video is this EnV file now the EnV
file in darav is a special configuration
file that stores critical information
for your application it's essentially a
text file with key value pairs as you
can see
where the key acts as a name for the
variable and the value is the actual
data and that's it all about this video
what I wanted to show you I hope you
enjoy friends and if you like such a
videos don't forget to subscribe to my
channel like the video share with your
friends and see you in the next one all
the best thank you very
much
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