Lecture 7 Speech Purpose & Types of Speeches
Summary
TLDRThis lecture delves into the three primary speech purposes: to inform, persuade, and mark special occasions. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the audience for effective informative speeches, which aim to increase knowledge. Persuasive speeches are highlighted as a means to change attitudes and behaviors, often starting with informing the audience about an issue. Special occasion speeches are portrayed as opportunities to entertain, celebrate, and inspire, with examples ranging from eulogies to political announcements. The lecture concludes with a call for mandatory informative and persuasive speeches and an optional special occasion speech, offering an extra credit opportunity based on the lecture's content.
Takeaways
- 🗣️ There are three general types of speech purposes: to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion.
- 🔍 Informative speeches aim to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge by presenting new information to the audience.
- 👥 Knowing your audience is crucial for crafting an effective informative speech.
- 📚 Informative speeches can cover topics such as people, places, issues, events, concepts, processes, and objects.
- 💬 Persuasive speeches aim to change attitudes, beliefs, values, and behaviors, with the ultimate goal of changing behavior.
- 🧠 Persuasive speeches require changing the audience's way of thinking about a topic before behavior can be changed.
- ♻️ Persuasive speeches often include informative elements to provide context and understanding of the issue being addressed.
- 🎉 Special occasion speeches are designed to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, and sometimes set a social agenda.
- 🏅 Examples of special occasion speeches include introductions, roasts and toasts, eulogies, after-dinner speeches, acceptance speeches, and presentations.
- 📧 Extra credit opportunity: Identify the primary element in persuasive speaking that must occur before persuasion, based on the lecture.
Q & A
What are the three general types of speech purposes mentioned in the lecture?
-The three general types of speech purposes are to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion.
What is the primary goal of an informative speech?
-The primary goal of an informative speech is to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge by presenting the audience with new information.
Why is it important to know the audience when preparing an informative speech?
-Knowing the audience is important because it helps the speaker decide what information to present based on the audience's level of knowledge and experience.
What types of topics can be covered in an informative speech?
-Topics for an informative speech can include people, places, issues, events, concepts, processes, and objects.
What is the ultimate goal of a persuasive speech?
-The ultimate goal of a persuasive speech is to change the audience's attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, or values, ultimately leading to a change in behavior.
How does a persuasive speech differ from an informative speech?
-A persuasive speech aims to change attitudes and behaviors by informing the audience about an issue and then using arguments to persuade them, while an informative speech solely aims to provide new information.
What are some examples of persuasive speech topics?
-Examples of persuasive speech topics include recycling, distracted driving, and any issue where the speaker aims to change the audience's behavior or beliefs.
What is the purpose of a special occasion speech?
-The purpose of a special occasion speech is to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, or set a social agenda.
Can you provide examples of special occasion speeches?
-Examples of special occasion speeches include introduction speeches, roasts and toasts, eulogies, after-dinner speeches, acceptance speeches, and presentations.
What is required to receive extra credit for Lecture 6?
-To receive extra credit for Lecture 6, students must email the answer to the question 'What is the primary element before persuasion that is involved in persuasive speaking?' based on the lecture. The email must be sent via Canvas inbox by Saturday, June 17th, 11:59 PM.
Outlines
🗣️ Types of Speech Purposes
The lecture introduces the three general purposes of speech: to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion. The informative speech aims to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge by presenting new information to the audience. The speaker must consider the audience's level of expertise and awareness to tailor the speech appropriately. Examples of informative speeches include biographies of people or places, discussions on issues like climate change or poverty, historical events, concepts, processes, and objects like smartphones. The lecture emphasizes the importance of knowing the audience to effectively inform them.
📢 The Art of Persuasion
This section delves into persuasive speeches, which aim to change attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and values. The ultimate goal is to alter behavior by first influencing thought processes. The speaker must inform the audience about the issue at hand to raise awareness and understanding before making persuasive arguments. The lecture uses recycling as an example, illustrating how to encourage the audience to continue or start recycling by highlighting its importance. It also touches on the slightly informative nature of persuasive speeches, as they must first inform before they can persuade.
🎉 Special Occasion Speeches
The third type of speech is for special occasions, designed to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, and sometimes set a social agenda. This includes introduction speeches, roasts and toasts, eulogies, and after-dinner speeches. The lecture describes toasts as a long-standing tradition, especially at the White House Correspondence Dinner, where jokes are made about the celebrant. Eulogies are speeches given at funeral services to honor the deceased, while after-dinner speeches might occur post-events like engagement parties or award ceremonies. Presentation speeches, such as announcing a candidacy for office, also set a social agenda by outlining the candidate's platform and expected actions if elected.
📝 Course Requirements and Extra Credit
The lecture concludes with information about the course requirements, which include mandatory informative and persuasive speeches. Failure to complete these speeches results in an automatic failure of the class. Students have already completed a special occasion speech as a personal introduction and are expected to deliver at least one more. The lecturer offers an extra credit opportunity for students who answer a question based on the lecture's content. The question asks about the primary element involved in persuasive speaking before persuasion can occur, and students must submit their answers via the course's canvas inbox by a specified deadline.
⏰ Submission Deadline for Extra Credit
The final paragraph reiterates the extra credit opportunity and provides the submission deadline. Students must email their answers to a specific question related to the primary element of persuasive speaking by Saturday, June 17th, before the end of the day. The lecture ends with a reminder of the importance of meeting deadlines and participating in the course activities to secure extra credit and succeed in the class.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Speech Purpose
💡Informative Speech
💡Persuasive Speech
💡Special Occasion Speech
💡Audience Awareness
💡Recycling
💡Roast and Toast
💡Eulogies
💡Acceptance Speech
💡Presentation
Highlights
There are three general types of speech purposes: to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion.
Informative speeches aim to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge by presenting new information to the audience.
Understanding the audience is crucial for crafting an informative speech to match their level of expertise and awareness.
Types of informative speeches include biographies of people, places, issues, events, concepts, processes, and objects.
Persuasive speeches aim to change attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and values with the ultimate goal of altering behavior.
Persuasive speeches are slightly informative as they must first present the issue and raise awareness before persuading.
Examples of persuasive speeches include advocating for recycling and raising awareness about the dangers of distracted driving.
Special occasion speeches are designed to entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, and sometimes set a social agenda.
Special occasion speeches include introduction speeches, roasts and toasts, eulogies, after-dinner speeches, acceptance speeches, and presentations.
Roasts and toasts are traditional events where people celebrate someone's achievements while humorously making fun of them.
Eulogies are speeches given at funeral services to honor the deceased and provide closure for the attendees.
Acceptance speeches are given when someone receives an award, often expressing gratitude and sharing personal thoughts.
Presentations can set a social agenda, such as when a candidate announces their run for political office and outlines their platform.
Informative and persuasive speeches are mandatory for the class, with failure to complete them resulting in an automatic class failure.
Students have already completed a special occasion speech as part of their personal introduction.
There will be at least one more opportunity to give a special occasion speech, with details to be announced in the coming days.
An extra credit opportunity is offered for students who can correctly answer a question based on the lecture about the primary element before persuasion in persuasive speaking.
Transcripts
all right and we are back with lecture
six today we're talking about speech
purpose and types of speeches okay and
so there are considered to be three
General types of speech purposes and
that would be to inform to persuade and
to Mark a special occasion okay so to
inform to persuade and to Mark a special
occasion those are generally the three
reasons that we stand in front of an
audience these are the three reasons
that we tend to address an audience okay
so we're going to talk about these three
in this lecture seven video so I am
going to share the screen today
so let me get my shares screen
questions
okay
so we have again the three general
purposes for speech making inform
persuade and special occasion so as it
states here
informative speeches are designed to
increase understanding awareness and
knowledge
informative speeches are designed to
increase understanding awareness and
knowledge simply put your job
as an informative speaker is to present
the audience with new information
new information
okay this is important because this is
this goes back to understanding who's in
the audience remember we talked about
that already I think in lecture six and
you have to know who's in the audience
so that you can know and decide what the
information is that you need to bring
over to them yes that's why it's
important to know do you have beginners
a novice folk in the room do you have
experts experienced people do you have
people who are
excuse me
greatly aware or not really aware you
have to know who is in the audience so
that you can craft your speech
appropriately so remember the purpose to
inform a purpose of informing is
basically bottom line to provide new
information to your audience
the types of speeches that generally
fall under the informative speech would
include
speeches about people so given a
biography type of speech
speech is about places giving a
biography type speech on a place if you
will
excuse me
informing your audience about issues
bringing them awareness of an issue that
could be things like climate change
the stock market
investing things of that nature you
could even it could even be about issues
such as
poverty or food insecurity housing
insecurity all kinds of things but
remember at the end of the day your job
is to bring new information to increase
understanding and awareness it could be
a speech about an event that talks about
an event that occurred in history it
could be speech about a concept you want
to share with them some new ideas and
excuse me
processes and demonstrations so a speech
about a process would be a demonstration
a demonstrative speech and it would show
someone show the audience how to do a
thing how to do a process that could be
as simple as time one shoe or add how to
make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich
how to complete your financial aid form
for college
how to
um
set up your
fire stick any number of things and of
course we could also inform
excuse me
we could also inform people about
objects objects would be let's say a
speech about
um the smartphone or the speech about
the computer or the internet and how it
got its Origins and all those things
okay all right this is informative
speaking
excuse me I'm not sure what the yawning
is about really
so a speech to persuade
okay
speeches to persuade have the purpose of
changing attitudes beliefs behaviors
values ultimately the goal is to change
a behavior
but how do we change behaviors we have
to change the way someone thinks
believes feels or has an attitude around
the topic
okay
persuasive speaking ultimately wants to
change a behavior
and in order to do that you have to
change the attitude you have to change
the beliefs you have to change the
values you have to change how they think
about a topic
or how they think about something
relevant to the topic themselves their
relationships their Community Etc
excuse me
you guys uh
I had at least nine hours of sleep I
have no idea
and this is early it's early in the
daytime when I'm recording this it's not
even 11 o'clock in the morning so sorry
okay so a persuasive speech again is
meant to change behaviors in order to do
that you first have to change the way we
think the way we believe the way we feel
around the topic
so we are changing attitudes values
beliefs ultimately to change behaviors
so what does this deal with this deals
with things like
let's say recycling
you want to persuade your audience to
begin recycling to recycle now someone
in the audience may already do it so
your speech is going to have to show
them that what they're doing already is
the right thing and you're going to have
to do it in such a way that encourages
and encourages them to keep going keep
doing it and to keep telling others to
keep making a difference because it
matters for those of us in the room who
may not already recycle
okay
excuse me your job is to show us the
importance of recycling that means
pay attention that means that to some
degree
a persuasive speech is slightly what am
I going to say
if we were in the classroom together I
know many of you would yell it out
it persuasive speech is slightly
informative of course
a persuasive speech is slightly
informative
why because you have to inform the
audience of the issues you have to tell
us about the issue you have to tell us
about the damage that not recycling is
doing to ourselves to our communities to
the planet you have to tell us you have
to inform us about that make us aware of
that
increase our understanding of that
Give us new knowledge around that in
order to be able to change our beliefs
our values and most importantly our
behaviors
I hope that made sense to you
okay
so you may want to again persuade us to
recycle so we have to know and
understand what the issue is okay you
have to explain that to us you have to
inform us and then from there you have
to make arguments that will lead us into
changing our behaviors to begin to
separate out our trash and to recycle
thank you
I chose recycling as the example I could
have used any number of topics right I
could have said you want to persuade us
to
excuse me
stop being distracted drivers
I would inform the audience about uh the
dangers of distracted driving but then I
would inform you of the statistics yes I
would share with you the statistics of
how many people die or how many people
are harmed how many vehicles are damaged
because of accidents on the road that
are from distracted drivers I talk about
perhaps the increase of insurance rates
things like that and other things that
financially impact us negatively because
of how many accidents occur and then in
Sharing all this information and
informing you of all these uh pieces and
components I would then launch into my
persuasive methods to get you to agree
to be a more conscientious a more
involved a more
attentive driver does that make sense
okay I hope so all right we're going to
continue on here
all right next we have special occasions
speaking special occasion speaking of
course is designed to entertain to
celebrate commemorate Inspire and
sometimes even to set a social agenda
special occasion speaking is designed to
entertain to celebrate to commemorate to
inspire and sometimes to set a social
agenda
so speeches like this would include
introduction speeches where you
introduce yourself or maybe you
introduce someone else gross and toast
you may have heard of this they still
occur but they aren't as big as they
were in previous times the 60s 70s and
80s girls were very popular and this
would happen let's say a roast in a
toast where let's say someone had
reached a milestone in their career
and they are being celebrated and during
the course of the celebration well in
order to celebrate the person they have
a big dinner a banquet or something like
that for the person for the guest of
honor and in the process of having this
banquet that evening usually the closest
people to the celebrant of their
co-workers their family their loved ones
whomever they will come up and make a
toast to the settlement right a speech
that celebrates them in their
accomplishments but also in the process
of the toasting there's roasting and
roasting is really a way to make fun of
the celebrant
now
excuse me in my opinion sometimes I
think they go a little bit too far in
the roasting
but
it's it happens okay it happens and I
guess it's just generally regardless the
way things go and in fact I think it's
during the
um
the correspondence dinner at the White
House this is a long-standing tradition
long-standing I mean this was occurring
before your time before you were even
born this has been occurring probably
before your parents were even born where
the president would host the journalism
Corps the journalists who come to the
White House to report on you know the
White House news they would have
a banquet of roast if you will and
somebody would be roasted and the
president would even sometimes join in
on making the the jokes so again it's a
long-standing tradition in the U.S it's
not as popular today as it used to be
but it is a time where people are
expected and allowed to make crass jokes
about other people
it's just what it is eulogies
for those of you who may be unfamiliar
with the term a eulogy is the speech
that happens at a funeral service again
all cultures and all belief systems may
not have funerals as such so I don't
mean to be exclusionary
in that description
but here in the U.S like Frank uh quite
frequently in various Faith Traditions
when a person dies you have a time where
during that service family members
friends co-workers neighbors people who
knew the person well and who cared for
loved the person will get up and say
words about them and usually there is
one particular
uh Speech that's given usually by a
minister and that eulogy is to now
wrap up that person's life and then in
some religious Traditions to get people
to
confess or to draw them closer to the
god Concept in that particular religion
after dinner speeches again this kind of
relates back to the roast and toast
after a banquet or some other kind of
formal event
there may be an after dinner toast or an
after dinner speech this can happen in
things like
engagement after engagement parties
after
award ceremonies it can happen after a
retirement party things like that also
acceptance speeches if someone is being
presented with an award then usually
they give a speech sometimes they send
someone in their stead in their absence
to give a speech if they're unavailable
for whatever reason so acceptance
speeches and then also presentations
presentations are another type of
guys
so a presentation can be another type of
special occasion
speech and the one I can think of in
particular is when it talks about
setting
a social agenda
and this would fall what would fall
under this category in one
way is the uh Speech when a person
announces their candidacy for office in
this case I'm thinking president because
to me that's usually a bigger
announcement than let's say something
when someone does mayoral announcement
or uh gubernatorial announcement so when
let's say a man or woman announces their
candidacy for president of the United
States
there's usually an announcement in the
news to say hey breaking news someone's
going to be announcing that they're
running for president and in that
speech in that special occasion speech
not only are they saying that they are
now going to run for this job but in it
they briefly lay out
they briefly lay out what they expect to
do if they are elected what their
platform is what what points they're
running on
Etc so again it kind of sets an agenda
it sets the agenda of letting people
know that they are running and this is
information that they're going to be
running on for the points the social
issues the political issues ETC that are
going to be important to them that
they're going to highlight during their
run and if they are elected into that
office this is what they're going to
focus on once elected Okay so
this has been lecture seven regarding
speech purpose speech types I hope it
helps you get a better understanding of
the three General speech types now I
will tell you in this class we're going
to do all three informative and
persuasive are mandatory speeches that
are required and again if you refer back
to your syllabus you have to complete
your mandatory informative and
persuasive speech failure to do so will
result in automatic failure of this
class okay for the special occasion
speech you've already done one so far
right that was your personal
introduction and also you're going to do
at least one more two if we can kind of
eke it out
until we can eek it out but definitely
at least one more special occasional
speech and you'll be hearing about that
in the next coming days so here's
another opportunity for extra credit
okay is another opportunity for extra
credit if you would like to secure extra
credit after watching lecture six
you may
send to me by email the subject should
be extra credit lecture six in the
subject heading extra credit lecture six
and in it in your inbox canvas inbox you
guys do not email me you know
at hcca don't do that send me a message
via canvas inbox
and
your message should contain this
information so
extra credit lecture six
here's the question
when you are presenting a persuasive
speech
what is the primary element before
persuasion
that is involved in persuasive speaking
what is the primary thing that must
occur
in persuasive speaking before you are
able to persuade
before you are able to change attitudes
beliefs values and behaviors what must
you do first in persuasive speaking to
make all of those things possible
it is based on today's lecture I'm only
taking answers based on today's lecture
that's your extra credit for
uh lecture seven
and you should email that to me
be on or before
let's see what's today 11.
okay so I need to have that by Saturday
June 17th in order for you to receive
the credit okay you must inbox that to
me by Saturday June 17th end of day 11
59 pm to receive credit okay this has
been lecture seven see you soon bye
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