como se hacen las botellas de plastico

Summary

This video explains the manufacturing process of plastic bottles and jars, highlighting the shift from glass to plastic containers. It details the steps involved in producing plastic bottles from PET (polyethylene terephthalate), including mixing PET pellets with recycled PET, injection molding, and the stretch-blow molding process that forms the final containers. The video also covers the quality control procedures and the fact that the recycled plastic used in production comes from the same factory process rather than used packaging. Additionally, it emphasizes the recyclability of the final plastic products, which are comparable to glass containers.

Takeaways

• 😀 Plastic containers are increasingly replacing glass containers for products like juice and peanut butter.
• 😀 Plastic jars and bottles are lighter and safer compared to glass, as they don't leave shards to clean up.
• 😀 Many plastic bottles are made from PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), a type of plastic that can be recycled to some extent.
• 😀 The recycling process involves mixing PET pellets with recycled PET flakes, but the recycled material can only be used for up to 10%.
• 😀 PET is heated to 315°C to melt it into a thick, sticky liquid, which is then injected into molds to create preforms.
• 😀 Preforms are hardened almost instantly with a cooling system before they are molded into bottles or jars.
• 😀 Injection molding machines create preforms for 2-liter bottles, which are then stretched and blown into shape using high-pressure air.
• 😀 The preforms are reheated to a specific temperature and stretched while air is blown into them, forcing them into the mold.
• 😀 Bottles are produced at a rapid rate, with some machines creating up to 10,600 bottles per hour.
• 😀 For certain products, like peanut butter jars, a similar molding process is used, followed by cooling to fix the plastic shape.
• 😀 Quality control is essential, with technicians checking plastic thickness, compressive strength, dimensions, and vacuum pressure resistance.
• 😀 Recycled plastic used in production is only sourced from new plastic within the factory, not from used consumer packaging, to maintain hygiene.
• 😀 Finished bottles and jars are fully recyclable, just like their glass counterparts.

Q & A

Why are more products coming in plastic containers instead of glass?

Plastic containers are lighter, easier to transport, and less likely to break into shards compared to glass containers.

What type of plastic is commonly used in transparent bottles and jars?

Transparent bottles and jars are commonly made from a plastic called polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

How is PET plastic recycled during the production of new bottles and jars?

PET plastic is mixed with recycled PET flakes in an automated mixer. However, recycled plastic can only make up to 10% of the total material used, as it loses some of its physical properties during processing.

What happens to PET plastic after it is mixed and processed?

The PET plastic is heated to around 315°C, turning it into a thick, sticky liquid. This liquid is then injected into molds to form preforms, which are the initial stage of plastic bottles or jars.

What is the purpose of preforms in bottle and jar production?

Preforms are initial molded shapes made from PET plastic that will be further processed to become finished bottles or jars.

How are preforms transformed into final bottles and jars?

Preforms are reheated and stretched with high-pressure air to mold them into bottles or jars. The process includes cooling with circulating cold water to solidify the shape quickly.

What is the production rate of bottles in the factory?

The factory produces up to 10,600 bottles per hour using high-speed molding machines.

How does the factory ensure the quality of the plastic containers?

The factory regularly takes samples from the production line to conduct quality checks, including measuring plastic thickness, conducting compression tests, checking dimensions, and evaluating the containers' resistance to vacuum pressure and internal pressure from carbonated contents.

Why is recycled plastic not used from old containers in the factory?

Recycled plastic from used containers is not used in the factory due to hygiene concerns. The factory only recycles plastic from new materials generated during the manufacturing process.

Are the finished plastic containers recyclable?

Yes, the plastic containers produced in the factory are fully recyclable, just like glass containers.