Adjective Clause/Relative Pronoun- bahasa inggris kelas12/ toefl

Summary

In this video, the presenter explains how to effectively use relative pronouns in English to combine two sentences into one. The video covers seven key relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, that, when, and where, with clear examples and explanations. The lesson demonstrates when and how to use each relative pronoun, depending on whether it's replacing a subject, object, or possession. Additionally, the video provides quick formulas for TOEFL exam preparation and tips for translating sentences from Indonesian to English using relative pronouns. The presenter emphasizes the importance of proximity between the relative pronoun and the noun it refers to.

Takeaways

• 😀 Relative pronouns are used to combine two sentences into one, and they act as a link between the clauses.
• 😀 There are seven common relative pronouns: who, whom, which, that, whose, when, and where.
• 😀 'Who' is used to replace the subject of a sentence when referring to people.
• 😀 'Whom' is used to replace the object of a sentence when referring to people.
• 😀 'Which' is used to refer to objects or things, either as the subject or the object of the second clause.
• 😀 'That' can also be used in place of 'who' or 'which' in defining relative clauses, particularly when referring to people or things.
• 😀 'Whose' indicates possession and is used when referring to ownership in both people and things.
• 😀 When using 'who' or 'whom,' the relative pronoun and the noun it refers to must be placed close together in the sentence.
• 😀 When combining sentences, ensure that the relative pronoun directly relates to the noun being described, creating a clear connection.
• 😀 Relative pronouns can help create more complex and fluent sentences, useful for both speaking and writing, including standardized tests like the TOEFL.
• 😀 When translating sentences from Indonesian to English, remember to select the appropriate relative pronoun based on whether the noun is a person or thing and the sentence structure.

Q & A

What is a relative pronoun?

A relative pronoun is a word that connects a clause to a noun or pronoun. It serves as a bridge between two clauses, providing more information about the noun or pronoun in the first clause.

How many relative pronouns are discussed in the video?

The video discusses seven relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, that, when, and where.

When do we use the relative pronoun 'who'?

'Who' is used to replace a subject when the subject is a person in the second clause. For example, 'I look for John who sells bread.'

What does the relative pronoun 'whom' replace?

'Whom' is used to replace an object when the object is a person in the second clause. For example, 'I met Bella whom John loves.'

How does the relative pronoun 'whose' function?

'Whose' is used to indicate possession or ownership. It can replace the possessive form of a noun in the second clause, such as in 'The girl whose house is across the street.'

What is the difference between 'who' and 'whom'?

'Who' is used for the subject of the second clause, while 'whom' is used for the object. For example, 'The man who speaks is my father' (who as subject) vs. 'The woman whom I met is a doctor' (whom as object).

In what context is 'which' used?

'Which' is used to replace a subject or object in the second clause when the noun being referred to is a thing, not a person. For example, 'The book which I bought is new.'

What is the rule for using 'that' in a relative clause?

'That' is a more flexible relative pronoun, used to refer to both people and things. It can replace 'who' or 'which' in defining relative clauses, such as in 'The book that I read is interesting.'

How does the relative pronoun 'where' function?

'Where' is used to refer to a place. It connects a clause that provides more information about the location, such as in 'The house where I grew up is in the city.'

What is the quick rule for using relative pronouns in TOEFL questions?

In TOEFL questions, the rule is simple: use 'who' for people followed by a predicate, 'whom' for people as objects, and 'which' or 'that' for things, with a similar structure in each case.