DER, DIE oder DAS? Regeln für Artikel │Perfektes Deutsch lernen
Summary
TLDRIn this educational video, Julia tackles the challenging concept of grammatical gender in German, a common stumbling block for learners. She explains that all nouns in German are categorized into masculine, feminine, or neuter genders, with 34% masculine, 46% feminine, and 20% neuter. Julia offers strategies to remember noun genders, such as using natural gender for human nouns and learning common patterns for non-human nouns. She provides examples of masculine nouns like weekdays and car brands, feminine nouns with certain endings, and neuter nouns like nominalizations and colors. Her advice is to always learn nouns with their articles for better retention. The video aims to simplify German grammar and encourages viewers to engage with the content by suggesting topics for future videos.
Takeaways
- 😱 German nouns have grammatical genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.
- 📊 34% of German nouns are masculine, 46% are feminine, and only 20% are neuter.
- 🗣️ When unsure of a noun's gender, using the article 'die' is a safe bet.
- 👦👧 For nouns describing humans, use the natural gender: 'der Mann', 'die Frau'.
- 📅 Masculine nouns often include weekdays, months, seasons, times of day, and directions.
- 🚗 German car brands like Audi, BMW, and Volkswagen are masculine nouns.
- 💰 Masculine nouns can also be identified by certain endings like 'motor', 'director', and 'carpet'.
- 🌳 Feminine nouns are the majority, with 46% of all nouns, and include numbers, trees, and certain fruits.
- 🏫 Feminine nouns often end in -heit, -keit, -ung, -schaft, and -tät, and many two-syllable nouns ending in -e.
- 🌈 Neuter nouns make up only 20% and include nominalizations, colors, letters, materials, and fractions.
- 🔗 Neuter nouns can be identified by certain endings like diminutives, and words ending in -ma, -tum, and -chen.
- 📚 Julia advises learning nouns together with their articles for better retention.
Q & A
What are the three grammatical genders in German?
-The three grammatical genders in German are masculine, feminine, and neuter.
What percentage of German nouns are masculine?
-34% of German nouns are masculine.
If you are unsure about the gender of a noun, which article should you use?
-If you are unsure about the gender of a noun, you should use the article 'die'.
Which types of nouns are typically masculine in German?
-Weekdays, months, seasons, times of day, directions, weather terms, car brands, alcohols, and currencies are typically masculine.
What are some typical masculine noun endings in German?
-Typical masculine noun endings include -or, -er, -ig, -ling, -ismus, and nouns describing male humans like specialist, mechanic, technician, etc.
Which types of nouns are typically feminine in German?
-Numbers, trees and plants, many fruits, and nouns with certain endings like -ung, -heit, -keit, -schaft, -ion, -ie, -ur, -e (especially with two syllables) are typically feminine.
What percentage of German nouns are feminine?
-46% of German nouns are feminine.
Which types of nouns are typically neuter in German?
-Nominalisations, colors, letters, many materials, fractions, diminutives, and nouns with certain endings like -chen, -lein, -um, -ment, -tum, and borrowed verbs from English are typically neuter.
What percentage of German nouns are neuter?
-20% of German nouns are neuter.
What is the advice given for learning German nouns effectively?
-The advice given is to always learn nouns together with their articles.
Outlines
😀 Grammatical Gender in German Nouns
This paragraph introduces the concept of grammatical gender in German, which is a common challenge for learners. It explains that all nouns in German have one of three genders: masculine, feminine, or neuter. The speaker provides statistics, indicating that 34% of nouns are masculine, 46% are feminine, and 20% are neuter. As a general rule of thumb, when unsure, one can use the feminine article 'die'. The paragraph also touches on the gender of nouns when referring to humans, which typically follows natural gender, and mentions that there are no universal rules for non-human nouns but provides some helpful guidelines for masculine nouns, such as weekdays, months, seasons, times of day, directions, weather conditions, car brands, alcohol types, and certain noun endings.
📚 Tips for Remembering German Nouns' Gender
Continuing the discussion on German noun genders, this paragraph offers additional insights and tips for learners. It covers feminine nouns, noting that they make up the majority at 46%, and provides examples of common feminine nouns, including numbers, trees, plants, fruits, and nouns ending in specific suffixes. The paragraph also addresses neuter nouns, which constitute 20% of all nouns, and lists examples such as nominalizations from verbs or adjectives, colors, letters, materials, fractions, and nouns with certain endings. It also points out that some neuter nouns have diminutive forms and includes examples of neuter nouns borrowed from English. The speaker concludes with advice to always learn nouns in conjunction with their articles to better retain this aspect of the German language.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Grammatical Gender
💡Nouns
💡Articles
💡Masculine
💡Feminine
💡Neuter
💡Natural Gender
💡Weekdays
💡Car Brands
💡Alcohol
💡Nominalizations
Highlights
German nouns have three grammatical genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.
34% of German nouns are masculine, 46% are feminine, and 20% are neuter.
When unsure of a noun's gender, using the article 'die' is a common practice.
German learners can use natural gender when referring to humans.
Weekdays, months, seasons, and times of day are typically masculine nouns.
Directions and certain weather conditions are also masculine, except for 'cloud'.
Car brands like Audi, BMW, and Volkswagen are considered masculine nouns.
Alcohol types such as wine, sparkling wine, and schnapps are masculine, but not beer.
Currencies like euro, dollar, and rouble are masculine, but rupee and pound are not.
Masculine nouns often have specific endings like 'motor', 'director', and 'carpet'.
Many feminine nouns end in -e, especially with two syllables.
Neuter nouns make up only 20% of all nouns in German.
Nominalisations, converting verbs or adjectives into nouns, are typically neuter.
Colors, letters, and certain materials are examples of neuter nouns.
Neuter nouns can have diminutive endings and are often derived from English verbs.
Learning nouns with their articles is recommended for better retention.
The video offers a comprehensive guide to understanding German noun genders.
Transcripts
der, die and das - three little words that are absolute horror for German learners!
Are you ready?
Good that you tuned in again, because today's topic is gender.
Not the natural gender of humans which is man and woman
but the grammatical gender of nouns
All German nounds have a gender. We call it genus
There are three in total.
maculine or male, feminine or female and neuter
What's very interesting for German learners is that
34% of nouns are masculine.
46% are feminine and only 20% are neuter.
That means when you are unsure about the gender of a noun
you just use the article "die".
But, today I will show you a few other tricks to better remember the articles.
When you talk about humans, you normally use the natural gender.
So: the man - the woman, teacher - teacher, pupil -pupil
But what about all the other nouns that do not describe a human?
Unfortunately, there is no rule for all of them.
But there are a few small rules and that's better than nothing, right?
Let's start with the masculine nouns.
Weekdays, months, seasons and times of day are normally masculine.
Monday, Tuesday, January, February, morning, noon, evening, but night
spring, summer, fall and winter
directions: North, East, South, West
weather: rain, snow, wind, fog, storm, but cloud
car brands - of course super important in Germany!
Audi, BMW, Mercedes, Volkswagen
Also very popular in Germany: alcohol. Wine, sparkling wine, schnapps
but, most important drink: beer.
currencies: euro, dollar, rouble, peso. But: rupee and pound
Now there are certain endings that are typical for masculine nouns.
motor, director
honey, king, vinegar, carpet
spring, twin, butterfly
capitalism, socialism, optimism
und the matching humans: the capitalist, socialist, optimist
computer specialist, mechanic, technician
doctoral candidate, demonstrator, president
engineer, hairdresser
Let's get to the nouns that are normally feminine.
Numbers: one, five, thirty-eight
trees and plants: palm, flower, rose
fruit: banana, kiwi, grape, but apple
You remember: 46% of all nouns are feminine.
So there are many endings which are feminine.
heating, bill, insurance
freedom, unity, ability
society, friendship
station, region, religion
music, politics, mathematics
university, quality
nature, culture, temperature
distance, existence, difference
garage, floor, jam
bakery, butcher's, library
many nouns ending in -e, especially with two sillables
lamp, street, trip
Finally, let's get to the neuter nouns.
You remember, it's only 20%
nominalisations - that means you convert a verb or an adjective into a noun.
for example walking. And you can turn "walking" into a person: the runner
the good, beauty, speaking
colors: blue, green, yellow
letters: A, B, C
Many materials: gold, silver, platinum
glass, plastic, wood, oil
fractions: quarter, third, fifth
And also neuter nouns have certain endings.
for example the diminutive:
young woman, little man, little house
theme, climate, drama
document, experiment, but moment
centre, date, album
property, growth, but riches
face, court / meal, light
and a few verbs that we have taken from the English language:
shopping, training
Yes, that is the best rule I could find for you in my smart books.
My advice: Always learn nouns together with their articles.
That's it for today!
If you liked this video and you have learned something, then subscribe to my channel now!
And if there are topics that you have problems with, write them in the comment box
then I can create a video about it.
Bye bye, see you next time! Yours, Julia
استعرض المزيد من الفيديوهات ذات الصلة
Винительный падеж. Существительные. Часть 1 || Падежи
Los nombres o sustantivos en español
Parts of Speech(Verb, Noun and Pronoun)
NOUNS - Basic English Grammar - What is a NOUN? - Types of Nouns - Examples of Nouns - Common/Proper
Subject Verb Agreement | Rules In English Grammar With Examples | Subject Verb Concord | ChetChat
Subject Verb Agreement | English Lesson | Common Grammar Mistakes
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)