UTS Filsafat Pendidikan

Summary

In this video, the speaker, Pingin Saputra, discusses several key topics related to educational philosophy for a midterm project. The video begins with an explanation of philosophy and its role in guiding wisdom. It covers the scope of educational philosophy, emphasizing its importance in improving and guiding educational systems. Key theories such as behaviorism and constructivism are explored, highlighting the role of stimulus and response in learning, and the active construction of knowledge. The speaker also touches on educational movements such as perennialism, which opposes progressive education, and naturalism, which stresses aligning with human nature for happiness.

Takeaways

• 😀 Filsafat is the love of wisdom, originating from the Greek words 'philo' (love) and 'Sophia' (wisdom), and serves as the foundation for all sciences.
• 😀 The main purpose of philosophy is to seek wisdom, which provides guidance and helps in making sound decisions.
• 😀 Filsafat pendidikan (philosophy of education) is a normative science that focuses on the principles and norms governing human behavior in educational contexts.
• 😀 Education is deeply connected to philosophy, and philosophy offers a foundation for improving educational systems and practices.
• 😀 Behaviorism views learning as a change in behavior resulting from stimuli and responses, emphasizing observable actions as evidence of learning.
• 😀 According to behaviorism, a person is considered to have learned when they exhibit a change in their behavior in response to a stimulus.
• 😀 Constructivism, in contrast, sees learning as an active process in which students build new knowledge based on experiences and data.
• 😀 Perennialism is an educational philosophy that opposes progressive education, advocating for timeless values and traditional teachings.
• 😀 Perenialism emphasizes the idea that education should focus on enduring knowledge and universal truths that transcend time and societal change.
• 😀 Naturalism in education believes that happiness is achieved by aligning with the natural instincts or 'fitrah' of human beings, encouraging students to live authentically according to their inherent nature.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the video in the script?

The main purpose of the video is to fulfill the midterm exam task for the 'Philosophy of Education' course, as assigned by Dr. Muhammad Habibi, M.Pd.

What does the term 'philosophy' mean, and what is its significance in education?

Philosophy is derived from the Greek words 'philo' (love) and 'sophia' (wisdom), meaning 'love of wisdom.' In education, philosophy is considered the foundation of all knowledge and is crucial for guiding educational practices and helping to form principles and norms for educational behavior.

How is 'philosophy of education' defined in the video?

Philosophy of education is defined as a normative science that helps to establish the principles, norms, and behaviors within educational practices. It aims to understand the essence of education and guide its effective implementation.

What is the relationship between philosophy and education, according to the speaker?

Philosophy provides the fundamental direction or guidelines for education. It helps shape the educational system and ensures that educational efforts are aligned with broader principles of wisdom and ethics.

What are the core ideas of behaviorism in education?

In behaviorism, learning is seen as a change in behavior resulting from the interaction between stimulus and response. Teachers (stimulus) guide students (response) in a process where learning is measured by observable behavioral changes.

How does constructivism differ from behaviorism in terms of learning theory?

Constructivism emphasizes active learning, where students build their own understanding based on experiences, facts, and data. In contrast, behaviorism focuses on external stimuli and observable changes in behavior as indicators of learning.

What is perennialism, and how does it relate to progressive education?

Perennialism is an educational philosophy that emphasizes timeless, classical knowledge. It emerged as a reaction against progressive education, which focuses on new ideas and change. Perennialists argue that current societal crises require a return to fundamental, enduring principles.

Why do perennialists reject progressive education?

Perennialists reject progressive education because they believe it places too much emphasis on novelty and change. They argue that the world is in crisis and that education should focus on timeless knowledge that can provide stability and guidance.

What is naturalism in education, according to the speaker?

Naturalism in education is the belief that human happiness comes from following one's natural instincts and being in tune with human nature (fitrah). It emphasizes the importance of aligning education with these natural impulses.

How do the various educational philosophies discussed (behaviorism, constructivism, perennialism, and naturalism) differ in their approach to teaching and learning?

Behaviorism focuses on external stimuli and changes in observable behavior, while constructivism emphasizes active, self-directed learning. Perennialism advocates for timeless, classical knowledge that provides stability in a changing world. Naturalism stresses the importance of following natural instincts and aligning education with human nature.