PENELITIAN SEJARAH

Summary

In this educational video, Yulian Oktaviani explores the process of historical research, highlighting key stages such as heuristics (data collection), verification (validating sources), interpretation (analyzing data), and historiography (writing up findings). The video covers various types of sources used in historical research, including primary sources (direct evidence) and secondary sources (analyses or interpretations). Emphasizing the importance of learning from the past, the teacher explains how studying history helps to understand current issues and trends, ultimately contributing to a deeper comprehension of societal practices and policies.

Takeaways

• 😀 Research is the process of discovering, uncovering, investigating, and analyzing phenomena or events using scientific methods.
• 😀 Historical research involves acting like a detective to gather information from various sources to form a comprehensive understanding of past events.
• 😀 According to Alfian, historical research is a systematic set of rules and principles to collect, critically evaluate, and synthesize historical sources into written reports.
• 😀 Donald Ari and colleagues describe historical research as a systematic and objective effort to establish facts about past events through thorough evaluation and interpretation.
• 😀 E.H. Carr views historical research as a systematic process of seeking data to answer questions about past phenomena and gain a better understanding of institutions, practices, and beliefs.
• 😀 Jack Art Frankel and Norman Ewen define historical research as an exclusive focus on the past, aiming to reconstruct past events as accurately as possible and explain why they happened.
• 😀 According to Louis Koslag, historical research involves four main steps: collecting relevant information, discarding doubtful sources, drawing conclusions from trusted evidence, and organizing everything into a coherent report.
• 😀 The importance of studying history lies in learning from past failures and successes, solving current problems, predicting future events, testing hypotheses, and understanding present-day practices and policies.
• 😀 The four stages of historical research are: heuristics (gathering data), verification (checking the authenticity of sources), interpretation (analyzing and interpreting sources), and historiography (writing the final report).
• 😀 Heuristics involves selecting a research topic, gathering primary and secondary sources, and using methods like archival research, site visits, and interviews to collect data.
• 😀 Verification is crucial to assess the authenticity and validity of historical sources, with both internal (content analysis) and external (authenticity) aspects being considered during this stage.

Q & A

What is the definition of research in historical studies?

Research in historical studies is the effort to uncover, investigate, and analyze phenomena or events using scientific processes. It involves gathering data from various sources, analyzing it, and reporting findings systematically.

What is the role of a historian when conducting historical research?

A historian conducting historical research acts like a detective. They gather data from multiple sources, analyze it, and synthesize the information to provide a comprehensive historical account or report.

According to Alfian, how is historical research defined?

Alfian defines historical research as a set of systematic rules and principles used to gather, critically evaluate, and synthesize historical sources in the form of written reports.

What is the significance of studying historical research, according to the script?

Studying historical research helps us learn from past successes and failures, apply past knowledge to solve current problems, predict future events, and understand the practices and policies of the present.

What are the four main stages of historical research?

The four main stages of historical research are: 1) Heuristic (gathering data from various sources), 2) Verification (ensuring the authenticity of the sources), 3) Interpretation (analyzing and understanding the data), and 4) Historiography (writing the findings in a structured format).

What does the 'heuristic' stage in historical research involve?

The 'heuristic' stage involves gathering historical data from various sources, including primary and secondary sources, documents, and interviews, to begin the research process.

What is the difference between primary and secondary sources in historical research?

Primary sources are original data directly collected from the subject or event, such as documents, artifacts, and eyewitness accounts. Secondary sources are data created after the event, like research papers, biographies, or secondary reports.

Why is verification important in historical research?

Verification is crucial to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the historical sources. It ensures that the data gathered is valid, trustworthy, and can be used for accurate historical analysis.

What does the interpretation stage in historical research involve?

In the interpretation stage, the researcher analyzes the verified sources to understand their meaning, context, and how they relate to one another, ensuring an objective and logical interpretation of the historical data.

What are the three forms of historiography in historical research?

The three forms of historiography are: 1) Narrative (storytelling style), 2) Descriptive (more detailed and complex), and 3) Analytical (focused on problem-solving and examining historical issues).