C_12 Arithmetic Operators in C Language | C Programming Tutorials

Summary

In this C programming tutorial, the instructor explains various binary operators, focusing on arithmetic operators such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modular division. The tutorial emphasizes the order of operations, known as operator precedence, and demonstrates how expressions are evaluated. The instructor provides examples to clarify division and modular division, including integer and negative values. Several code snippets are shown to illustrate how arithmetic operations work in C, offering insights into the behavior of division and remainder results in different scenarios. The video concludes with practical programming examples to enhance understanding.

Takeaways

• 🔢 Arithmetic operators in C language include addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), and modulus (%).
• 📊 Operator precedence in arithmetic expressions gives the highest priority to multiplication, division, and modulus, followed by addition and subtraction.
• 🔄 When evaluating expressions, operations are executed from left to right, based on operator precedence.
• ➕ In an expression like '5 + 2 * 3', multiplication happens first, resulting in 5 + 6, then addition, giving a final result of 11.
• 💡 Division of two integers in C results in an integer output, discarding any fractional parts (e.g., 1 / 5 yields 0, not 0.2).
• 📉 The modulus operator (%) returns the remainder of integer division (e.g., 5 % 5 results in 0, 7 % 5 results in 2).
• ➖ When dealing with negative numbers in modulus operations, the sign of the result follows the sign of the numerator (e.g., -7 % 2 gives -1).
• 🔀 Division operator (/) and modulus operator (%) have different purposes: division gives quotient, modulus gives remainder.
• 🤔 In expressions involving both positive and negative numbers, C follows specific rules for determining the sign of the result based on the numerator or denominator.
• 📐 The output of floating-point division includes decimal points, and in C, floating-point results will be printed with six digits after the decimal by default.

Q & A

What are the five arithmetic operators used in C language?

The five arithmetic operators in C are addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), and modular division (%).

Which arithmetic operators have the highest priority in C?

Multiplication (*), division (/), and modular division (%) have the highest priority, while addition (+) and subtraction (-) have lower priority.

In the expression '5 + 2 * 3 / 2 - 3', how is it executed in terms of operator priority?

First, multiplication is performed (2 * 3 = 6), followed by division (6 / 2 = 3). Then addition is executed (5 + 3 = 8), and finally subtraction (8 - 3 = 5). The final result is 5.

What result do you get when you divide two integers in C?

When dividing two integers in C, the result is always an integer. For example, 1 / 5 results in 0, not 0.2, because the fractional part is discarded.

What is the purpose of the modular division operator (%)?

The modular division operator (%) gives the remainder of an integer division. For example, 5 % 3 returns 2, because when dividing 5 by 3, the remainder is 2.

Why is the remainder of 7 % -2 equal to -1 in C?

In C, the sign of the result in a modular operation follows the sign of the numerator. Since the numerator is 7 and the operation is 7 % -2, the remainder is 1, but because the numerator is positive, the result remains positive, giving 1.

What happens if both the numerator and denominator are negative in a division?

If both the numerator and denominator are negative, the result of the division will be positive. For example, -7 / -2 equals 3, because the signs cancel each other out.

How does the behavior of the modular division operator differ with positive and negative numerators?

In modular division, the sign of the result depends on the sign of the numerator. If the numerator is negative, the result will be negative. If the numerator is positive, the result will be positive.

Why does 5 / 10 result in 0 in C?

Since both 5 and 10 are integers, the division discards the fractional part, resulting in 0, because 5 is less than 10 and cannot be divided evenly.

How do arithmetic operators behave when used with float values in C?

When either the numerator or denominator is a float, the result of a division will be a float, retaining the decimal part. For example, 10 / 2.5 results in 4.0, and the result is displayed with six digits after the decimal point by default.