APUSH Review: Period 3 (1754 - 1800) in 10 Minutes

Summary

This educational video script offers a concise 10-minute review of Period 3, covering significant historical events from 1754 to 1783. It discusses the French and Indian War, its aftermath, and the shift in power dynamics leading to Pontiac's Rebellion. The script details Britain's increased control post-war, the resistance it faced from American colonists, and the formation of groups like the First Continental Congress. It also covers the American Revolution, the Declaration of Independence influenced by Enlightenment thinkers, and the war's outcome aided by foreign support, notably from France. The video touches on the Articles of Confederation, the Northwest Land Ordinance's ban on slavery, and early challenges faced by the new government, including land disputes and the emergence of political parties. It concludes with the concept of Republican Motherhood, emphasizing women's role in shaping future citizens.

Takeaways

• 📚 The French and Indian War (1754-1763), also known as the Seven Years' War, was a conflict caused by English encroachment on French lands and resulted in Britain's victory and France's removal from North America.
• 🏰 Pontiac's Rebellion was a response to the British Proclamation Line of 1763, which restricted colonists from expanding west of the Appalachian Mountains.
• 💸 Britain's debt from the war led to a more active role in colonial affairs, including the passing of Acts like the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and the Intolerable Acts to raise revenue.
• 🤝 The colonists resisted the new British control, forming groups like the Stamp Act Congress, Committees of Correspondence, and the First Continental Congress to demonstrate colonial unity.
• 📜 The Declaration of Independence in 1776 listed grievances against King George III and was influenced by Enlightenment ideas, particularly John Locke's theory of natural rights.
• 🔍 The American colonists won the Revolutionary War due to familiarity with the land, strong leadership, fighting for republicanism, and receiving foreign aid, especially from France after the Battle of Saratoga.
• 📝 The Articles of Confederation provided a weak central government with most power left to the states, leading to trade issues between states due to tariffs and differing currency values.
• 🚫 The Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 was the first congressional ban on slavery and provided a process for admitting new states, with slavery banned in the Northwest Territory.
• 🌍 The American Revolution inspired revolutions in other parts of the world, such as France, Haiti, and Latin America, showing the global impact of the American fight for liberty.
• 🏛️ The Constitution was built on compromises like the Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise, which addressed representation in Congress and the slave trade.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Republican Motherhood was the belief that women should instill Republican virtues in children and be active in their families, which helped improve education for women.

Q & A

What is the time period covered by the French and Indian War?

The French and Indian War took place from 1754 to 1763.

What was the impact of the French and Indian War on North America?

The war resulted in France being removed from North America, leading to a significant shift in power and the emergence of conflicts between American colonists and Native Americans.

What was the Proclamation Line of 1763 and how did it affect the colonists?

The Proclamation Line of 1763 was a decree that prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. This caused resentment among the colonists who had recently fought to gain control of the land.

Why did Britain begin to take a more active role in colonial affairs after the war?

Britain was in debt from the war and ended its policy of salutary neglect, opting for a more hands-on approach to raise revenue through acts like the Stamp Act.

What was the significance of the First Continental Congress?

The First Continental Congress was a gathering of representatives from the colonies to coordinate resistance against British policies, demonstrating colonial unity.

How did the publication of 'Common Sense' by Thomas Paine influence the American Revolution?

'Common Sense' urged American independence and was influential in the push for the Declaration of Independence.

What Enlightenment ideas influenced the Declaration of Independence?

The Declaration of Independence was influenced by Enlightenment ideas, particularly John Locke's theory of natural rights and the concept of government by the consent of the governed.

How did the colonists manage to win the Revolutionary War despite being at a disadvantage?

The colonists won due to familiarity with the land, strong leadership, fighting for republicanism and natural rights, and receiving foreign aid, notably from France after the Battle of Saratoga.

What were the main issues addressed by the Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787?

The Northwest Land Ordinance provided a process for admitting new states and banned slavery in the Northwest Territory, marking the first congressional ban on slavery.

What were the key differences between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution?

The Articles of Confederation provided for a weak central government with no power to tax and no executive branch, whereas the Constitution established a stronger federal government with a defined executive branch.

What was the main message of Washington's Farewell Address?

Washington's Farewell Address warned against entangled foreign alliances and the emergence of political parties, advocating for unity and the avoidance of such divisions.

Outlines

00:00

🏰 French and Indian War and its Impact

The video script discusses the French and Indian War, which lasted from 1754 to 1763 and was also known as the Seven Years' War. It was caused by the English encroaching on French lands. The war resulted in Britain's victory, which led to France's removal from North America. This shift in power caused conflicts between American colonists and Native Americans, exemplified by Pontiac's Rebellion. Britain, in debt from the war, ended its policy of salutary neglect and began to take a more active role in colonial affairs. This led to the passing of acts like the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and Intolerable Acts, which the colonists resisted, leading to the formation of groups like the Stamp Act Congress, Committees of Correspondence, and the First Continental Congress. These groups demonstrated colonial unity against British rule. The script also discusses the colonists' desire to return to the pre-1763 relationship with Britain rather than seeking independence.

05:00

📜 The American Revolution and its Global Influence

The script continues with the period from 1776 to 1783, focusing on the American Revolution. It highlights the influence of Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' and the Declaration of Independence, which listed grievances against King George III and was inspired by Enlightenment ideas. The colonists won the war due to their familiarity with the land, strong leadership, fighting for republicanism, and receiving foreign aid, particularly from France after the Battle of Saratoga. The script also discusses the development of the Articles of Confederation, which provided for a weak central government and led to trade issues between states. The Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 is highlighted for providing a process for admitting new states and banning slavery in the Northwest Territory. The Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution inspired revolutions worldwide, such as in France, Haiti, and Latin America. The script also touches on the challenges faced by the new government under the Constitution, including navigation issues on the Mississippi River, relations with Native Americans, and the emergence of political parties.

10:02

👩‍🏫 Republican Motherhood and Education

The final paragraph discusses the concept of Republican Motherhood, which emerged after the Revolutionary War. It emphasizes the role of women in instilling republican virtues in their children and the importance of women's education. Despite married women having to give their property to their husbands, the idea that women should guide their families and raise children to be good citizens persisted. The script concludes with a reminder for viewers to check out more detailed videos on period 3 and wishes them luck on their tests.

Keywords

💡French and Indian War

The French and Indian War, also known as the Seven Years' War, was a conflict from 1754 to 1763 involving the French and British empires along with their respective Native American allies. It was a global war that took place in America and had significant impacts on the power dynamics in North America. In the video, this war is highlighted as a pivotal event leading to the displacement of the French from North America and setting the stage for increased tensions between the British and American colonists.

💡Pontiac's Rebellion

Pontiac's Rebellion was an uprising primarily led by Native American Chief Pontiac against British forces following the French and Indian War. It exemplifies the conflicts that emerged between the colonists and Native Americans as the colonists sought to expand westward. The rebellion is mentioned in the script as a direct response to the British issuing the Proclamation Line of 1763, which restricted colonial expansion beyond the Appalachian Mountains.

💡Proclamation Line of 1763

The Proclamation Line of 1763 was a decree by the British government that prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. It was a response to Pontiac's Rebellion and aimed to ease tensions with Native Americans by reserving lands for them. The script explains how this line was a source of resentment for colonists who had recently fought to gain control of these lands.

💡Salutary Neglect

Salutary neglect refers to the British colonial policy of not enforcing strict control over the American colonies prior to the mid-18th century. The video script describes how Britain's hands-off approach ended after the French and Indian War, leading to increased British control and taxation, which in turn sparked resentment among the colonists.

💡Stamp Act

The Stamp Act was a direct tax imposed by the British government on the American colonies in 1765, requiring colonists to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used, including legal documents, newspapers, and playing cards. The script mentions the Stamp Act as one of the first acts that led to colonial resistance and the formation of groups like the Sons of Liberty.

💡First Continental Congress

The First Continental Congress was a meeting of representatives from 12 of the 13 American colonies in 1774 to discuss their response to British policies. The script highlights it as an example of colonial unity against British rule, where delegates discussed ways to coordinate resistance and petition for redress of grievances.

💡Common Sense

Common Sense is a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776, advocating American independence from Britain. The video script points out that this publication was influential in swaying public opinion towards the idea of revolution and was a precursor to the Declaration of Independence.

💡Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence is the document in which the thirteen American colonies declared themselves independent from British rule. It lists grievances against King George III and is mentioned in the script as a justification for the American Revolution, inspired by Enlightenment ideas and the concept of natural rights.

💡Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation was the first written constitution of the United States and served as its governing document from 1781 to 1789. The script describes it as a response to the fear of centralized power, providing a weak central government with most authority left to the states, which led to issues like trade disputes and lack of a unified currency.

💡Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787

The Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 established a process for the admission of new states from the territories west of the Appalachians. The script emphasizes its importance as it provided a method for organized expansion and development of territories, including a ban on slavery in the Northwest Territory, marking the first congressional ban on slavery.

💡Republican Motherhood

Republican Motherhood was the idea that women, although having few legal rights, played a crucial role in instilling republican virtues in their children. The script explains how this concept helped improve education for women, as they were seen as vital in raising children to be good citizens, despite the lack of formal rights for women themselves.

Highlights

The French and Indian War (1754-1763), also known as the Seven Years' War, was caused by English encroachment onto French lands.

Great Britain won the war, resulting in France's removal from North America and a shift in power.

Pontiac's Rebellion was a response to the British colonists' expansion into Native American lands.

The Proclamation Line of 1763 restricted colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Britain's increased control over colonial affairs led to the passing of the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and Intolerable Acts.

Colonists resisted British control by forming groups like the Stamp Act Congress and the First Continental Congress.

Most colonists did not want independence but rather a return to the pre-1763 relationship with Britain.

Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' was influential in the push for American independence.

The Declaration of Independence listed grievances against King George III and was inspired by Enlightenment ideas.

Colonists won the war due to familiarity with the land, good leadership, and foreign aid, particularly from France.

The Articles of Confederation provided for a weak central government with most power left to the states.

The Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 provided a process for admitting new states and banned slavery in the Northwest Territory.

Tensions emerged between the East and West of the country, with the East being more elite and the West having newer money and less government power.

The Declaration of Independence and American Revolution inspired revolutions in France, Haiti, and Latin America.

The Constitution was built on compromises, such as the Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise.

The Federalist Papers were written in favor of the Constitution, and the promise of a Bill of Rights helped secure its ratification.

Challenges to the new government included navigation issues on the Mississippi River and relations with Native Americans.

Washington's Farewell Address warned against entangled foreign alliances and the emergence of political parties.

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions questioned the power of the federal government and the concept of states nullifying federal laws.

Republican Motherhood was the belief that women should instill Republican virtues in children and be active in their families.

Transcripts

hey what's going on a push peeps we have

period 3 review for you I'm going to try

to do this in about 10 minutes look at

the top here to figure out what chapters

of your textbook it matches with and if

you want a more detailed explanation of

anything in here check out the link

below I have period 3 divided into three

separate videos which will explain this

stuff in really good detail but for now

I'm just going to try to hit on the Big

Ideas everything you need to know about

period 3 in 10 minutes all right 1754 to

1763 that is the French and Indian War

and this last this was also known as the

Seven Years War this was caused by the

English encroachment onto French lands

or the English going onto French lands

now it's called the French and Indian

War and most natives except for the iroy

Confederation they were split they sided

with the French so this war pits the

French and the natives against the

British and the colonists now Great

Britain wins the war and France is

removed from North americ that has huge

impacts on both the Native Americans and

the colonists we see a huge shift in

power in North America conflicts begin

to emerge between American colonists and

the natives as the colonists seek to

expand an example this is ponti ex's

Rebellion which happens in this area

here the Ohio Michigan area and this is

where Native American Chief Pontiac led

a rebellion against the British colonist

and in response the British issued the

Proclamation line of

1763 which stated that the colonist

could not go past this line here which

is the Appalachian Mountains and the

colonists are very resentful of this

because they just fought to gain all

this land they're not allowed to be

there all right Britain is in debt from

the war they end salutary neglect and

they begin to take a more active or

Hands-On approach in colonial Affairs if

you're writing an essay about the French

and IND War here's your thesis statement

the French and Indian War drastically

and forever changed the relationship

between the British and the colonists

Brit begins to pass a series of Acts

including the Stamp Act the Townsen acts

and the Intolerable Acts all these were

way of them to take a more active role

and in terms of the Stamp Act in towns

en act this was a way for them to raise

revenue and the colonists resisted this

new control they did not like it they

formed groups like The stb Back Congress

which was meant to repeal the stb back

the Committees of Correspondence which

spread information amongst the different

colonies and the First Continental

Congress all of these were examples of

colonial Unity against the British now

whether you were an elite like Paul

Rivier John Hancock are really an

average everyday colonist many were

United against the British they did not

like that solitary neglect ended but do

keep in mind up until 1776 most

colonists did not want independence they

simply longed for or wanted to go back

to the days of solitary neglect which

were pre 1763 so they want to go back to

what life was like before the French and

Indian War now let's talk about 1776 to

1783 the the war itself things change in

January of 1776 when Thomas Payne this

guy down here writes a book called

common sense and in this book he urged

America to break away and this was

hugely influential in the Declaration of

Independence so let's talk about the

Declaration of Independence this is a

list of grievances or problems against

King George III or kg3 and this provided

a justification for breaking away it was

definitely inspired by Common Sense and

it was definitely inspired by

Enlightenment ideas especially John Lock

you see his theory of natural rights

life liberty and property Thomas

Jefferson and John Adams changed that to

life liberty in the pursuit of happiness

you also see this idea of the consent of

the government that the people have the

real power not the government so at the

end of this war how the heck did the

colonists win this thing when when

really the odds were against them well

they had familiar familiarity with their

with the land it was their Homeland they

had very good military leadership under

people like George Washington who was

able to inspire many people to fight

they were fighting for this idea of

republicanism or natural rights and

consent to the government that it was

the people that had the power and

definitely hugely important they had

foreign aid particularly from the French

and the and France provided Aid after

the Americans won the Battle of Saratoga

in 1777 so definitely be able to explain

why the colonists won the war during the

war we have the development of the

Articles of Confederation and there's

this fear of a centralized power keep in

mind the articles are basically going to

be 180° different than life under Great

Britain the Articles provided for a weak

central government the federal

government could not tax there was no

executive branch and most of the power

was left to the states it's essentially

like there are 13 independent countries

trade issues emerg between the states

because of tariffs on Goods Shi between

states and also because the currencies

of the states had different values so we

have the Northwest Land Ordinance of

1787 which is specifically mentioned in

the new curriculum definitely this

wicked wicked important this Pro

provided a process for admitting new

States and it's all this area in the

black here once a territory reached

60,000 people it could apply for

Statehood and the very important thing

to know is that slavery was banned in

the Northwest Territory this is the

first congressional ban on slavery so if

you're writing an an essay about slavery

you could definitely trace the roots to

Northwest territory in terms of banning

slavery in different areas of the

country tensions emerged in different

areas of the country in this big idea of

East versus West East tends to be where

the elites or the power lies whereas the

Western portions of states or or the

country is where newer money or poor

people live and also where there's not a

lot of government power and there tends

to be some conflicts really some

examples you have the Paxon Boys in

Pennsylvania who had issues with Native

Americans and killed about 20 of them

and then Shay's Rebellion in

Massachusetts they were upset with the

Massachusetts state government leving

taxes and and taking away Farms of of

farmers out in Western

Massachusetts so what is the impact of

the Declaration of Independence and the

American Revolution on a worldwide scale

well we see Revolutions in France Haiti

and Latin America and here in particular

is a painting based on events from July

14th 1789 the storming of the Bas which

is the beginning of the French

Revolution so you see other countries

throughout the world take these ideas

that the Americans instituted and they

want them as well so although some

called for greater equality and you have

Abigail Adams at writing to her husband

John saying hey please remember the

ladies and Pennsylvania passes an

emancipation law which bans slavery

framers of the Constitution really did

not address these issues and especially

the issue of slavery keep in mind if the

framers banned slavery in the

Constitution no Southern States that had

slavery would go along with the

Constitution and it never would have

passed so the Constitution really is

built on a series of compromises you

have the Great Compromise and the three-

fifths compromise both of which dealt

with the issue of representation in

Congress and the slave trade compromise

said that the importation of slaves

could not be ended prior to

1808 the Constitution was only ratified

or passed after the Federalist and

though and that's those people that were

in favor of the Constitution promised

the Anti-Federalists or those that were

afraid of the Constitution and this new

power under the central government a

Bill of Rights would be added and they

were in fact and those are the first 10

amendments so what are some challenges

to this new government under the

Constitution there are many early on we

have navigation issues on the

Mississippi River Spain was in control

of the Mississippi for a long time and

they forbid the United States from from

having access to this Mississippi River

and that's oh so important for shipping

and keep in mind the United States now

has all this territory over here so they

want to be able to ship on here

especially down in New Orleans which

will give access to the Gulf of Mexico

pne's treaty assigned to address that

and Spain gave the United States the

right to navigate on the Mississippi and

we also have relations with natives it's

not defined in the Constitution and land

issues with the natives emerged as the

natives began to seed more and more of

their land to the Americans you see that

with the Treaty of Grantville in Ohio

Washington's Farewell Address happens

it's is actually not an address it's a

it's a written letter and in it he

warned of entangled foreign alliances

and political parties and political

parties do emerge even though he was

against them you see the emergence of

the Federalists which are led by

Hamilton and Republicans which are led

by Jefferson and it's really not until

after World War II that you you see the

United States get involved in foreign

alliances so Washington's Farewell

Address is so influential it's not just

entangled alliances ladies and gentlemen

definitely know that he was weary of

political parties as well debates over

the power of government emerg for

decades to come

who really has power is it the state

government is the is it the national

government the Virginia Kentucky

Resolutions were written by Thomas

Jefferson and James Madison in response

to the Alien and Sedition Acts and they

urg states to nullify a federal law and

and there was this question at the time

could States nullify or or void a

federal law and the answer is no the

Constitution states that is the supreme

law of the land however this idea of

States having the power since they

created the Constitution that's called

the compact Theory will really be around

for decades to come and this this

question will not be finally settled

until the Civil War until after the

Civil War all right so one last thing

we'll finish up with that is so

important againsts its own slide it's

something called Republican Motherhood

and after the Revolutionary War women

gained few if any rights married women

still had to give their property to

their husbands any property they had

before they got married now the idea of

Republican Motherhood is the belief that

women were expected to instill

Republican virtues which which basically

means these ideas of Liberty natural

rights into children and be active in

their

families this does help improve

education for women because women were

expected to play an important role

educating their children this is an idea

that will be around for a very very long

time that women should be the guiding

force of the families and raise children

to be good citizens of the United States

okay guys that's pretty much everything

you need to know for Pier 3 if you have

any questions or comments feel free to

leave them in the section below make

sure you check out more the more

detailed videos I have on period 3 if

you need any more explaining and I thank

you guys very much for watching good

luck on any and all of your test this

year especially the one in May best of

luck thank you for watching and have a

good day