Sejarah Pramuka Dunia dan Indonesia

GeoPro

10 Aug 202007:50

Summary

TLDRRobert Stephenson Smith Baden Powell, known as the founder of the Scouting movement, initiated the movement on July 25, 1907, with the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island. His book 'Scouting for Boys' in 1908 laid the foundation for the global Scouting movement. The movement expanded to include girls with the Girl Guides in 1912. The first World Scout Jamboree was held in 1920, and Baden Powell was honored as 'Baba Pandu Dunia'. Scouting in Indonesia began in 1912 under Dutch colonial rule and evolved through various names and organizations before becoming the unified Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia, celebrated on August 14 since 1961.

Takeaways

😀 Robert Stephenson Smith Baden Powell is recognized as the founder of the Scouting movement, often referred to as the 'Father of Scouting'.
🏕️ The initial Scouting camp was held on Brownsea Island in 1907, marking the beginning of the movement aimed at improving the behavior of youth.
📚 Baden Powell published 'Scouting for Boys' in 1908, which laid out the foundational principles of Scouting and became the cornerstone of the movement.
🌍 The Scouting movement quickly spread globally, with organizations emerging in various countries, transcending its English origins.
👦 Initially, Scouting was male-dominated, but in 1912, the Girl Guides were established by Baden Powell's sister, Agnes, and later led by his wife.
📖 Baden Powell's second book, 'Revering to Success', published in 1922, further inspired the Scouting movement with its narrative of perseverance.
🌟 The first World Scout Jamboree was held in 1920 in London, attended by around 8000 Scouts from 34 countries, where Baden Powell was honored as 'Chief Scout of the World'.
🗓️ Scouting in Indonesia began in 1912 with the establishment of an organization by the Dutch, which evolved through several name changes and influences.
🇮🇩 The Japanese occupation temporarily banned Scouting activities in Indonesia, but the spirit of Scouting remained strong among its members.
🏛️ Post-independence, a congress was held in 1945 leading to the formation of 'Pandu Rakyat Indonesia', which was later recognized as the sole Scouting organization by the Indonesian government.
🎉 August 14th, 1961, is celebrated as the birth of the Scouting movement in Indonesia, following the appointment of its leaders and the granting of its pledge.

Q & A

Who is Robert Stephenson Smith Baden Powell and what is his significance?
-Robert Stephenson Smith Baden Powell is recognized as the founder of the Scouting movement, often referred to as the 'Father of Scouting'. He initiated the movement with the aim of improving the behavior and skills of young people.
What was the original purpose of the Scouting movement when it was first established?
-The initial purpose of the Scouting movement was to reduce the negative impact of the interactions of youth at the time, encouraging them to engage in positive activities, serve society, and develop into active and creative young individuals.
In what year was the first Scouting camp organized by Baden Powell, and where was it held?
-The first Scouting camp was organized by Baden Powell on July 25, 1907, on Brownsea Island.
What was the title of the book Baden Powell wrote in 1908, and what was its significance?
-Baden Powell wrote 'Scouting for Boys' in 1908, which outlined the basic principles of Scouting. This book was adapted from his earlier military guide and marked the beginning of the Scouting movement.
How did the Scouting movement expand globally after the publication of 'Scouting for Boys'?
-Following the publication of 'Scouting for Boys', Scouting organizations began to emerge not only in England but also in other countries worldwide, leading to the global recognition of the Scouting movement.
When and by whom was the Girl Guides organization established, and how does it relate to the Scouting movement?
-The Girl Guides organization was established in 1912 by Agnes Baden Powell, the sister of Robert Baden Powell. It was created to extend the principles of the Scouting movement to girls.
What is the title of Baden Powell's second book, and what is its main theme?
-Baden Powell's second book is titled 'Revering to Success'. It tells the story of a young person who persistently paddles a canoe and eventually reaches a happy shore, symbolizing the journey towards success through perseverance.
When and where was the first World Scout Jamboree held, and what was the significance of the event?
-The first World Scout Jamboree was held from July 30 to August 8, 1920, in London, coinciding with the Olympic Games. It was attended by around 8,000 Scouts from 34 countries, and Baden Powell was recognized as the 'Chief Scout of the World'.
How did the Scouting movement start in Indonesia, and when was it first established?
-The Scouting movement in Indonesia began in 1912 with the establishment of the Netherlands Scouting organization. It was later renamed to Nederlands Indies Scouting in 1916.
What was the role of Japanese organizations in the development of the Scouting movement in Indonesia during the Japanese occupation?
-During the Japanese occupation, the Scouting movement was temporarily banned, but the spirit of Scouting continued to thrive among its members. After Indonesia's proclamation of independence, leaders formed a committee to create a unified Scouting organization.
What significant event occurred on August 14, 1961, in the context of the Scouting movement in Indonesia?
-On August 14, 1961, the Indonesian Scouting movement was officially recognized with the appointment of the Martinez Warna and Warnari at the State Palace, along with the granting of the movement's pledge. This date is celebrated as the birth of the Scouting movement in Indonesia.

Outlines

00:00

🏕️ The Birth of Scouting Movement

Robert Stephenson Smith Baden-Powell, known as the founder of the Scouting movement, initiated the movement on July 25, 1907, with the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island. The initial aim was to counteract the negative influences on youth and to foster positive routines, community service, and creativity among young people. Baden-Powell's 1908 book, 'Scouting for Boys', adapted from his earlier military handbook, became the foundation of the Scouting movement, which quickly spread internationally. The movement initially catered to boys, but in 1912, Baden-Powell's sister Agnes established the Girl Guides. The movement's international growth was marked by the first World Scout Jamboree in 1920 in London, attended by 8,000 Scouts from 34 countries. Baden-Powell was honored as the 'Chief Scout of the World'.

05:01

🌏 Scouting Movement in Indonesia

The Scouting movement in Indonesia began with the establishment of the Netherlands Scouts in 1912, which later became Nederlands-Indies Scouts. The term 'Pandu' or 'Kepanduan' was adopted during the Japanese occupation, replacing the Dutch term. Various youth organizations emerged, including those with nationalist or religious affiliations. In 1928, the Persaudaraan Antar Pandu Indonesia (PAPI) was formed, which later merged into the Kepanduan Bangsa Indonesia (KBI). Despite being banned during the Japanese occupation, the spirit of Scouting persisted. After Indonesia's independence, efforts were made to unify the various Scouting organizations into a single body. The Congress of Indonesian Scouting Union was held in 1945 in Surakarta, leading to the formation of Pandu Rakyat Indonesia, recognized by the government as the sole Scouting organization in 1947, although this recognition was later revoked. By the 1960s, there were over 100 Scouting organizations in Indonesia, under three main federations. The establishment of the Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia was marked by the appointment of its leaders and the granting of flags on August 14, 1961, which is now celebrated as the birth of the Indonesian Scouting movement.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Robert Stephenson Smith Baden Powell

Robert Stephenson Smith Baden Powell, often referred to as B-P, was a British Army officer and the founder of the Scouting movement. He is a central figure in the video's narrative as he initiated the movement with the aim of improving the character and behavior of young people. His name is used to establish the historical context and the origins of the scouting movement.

💡Scouting Movement

The Scouting Movement, also known as the Boy Scouts, is a worldwide youth movement founded by B-P. It is the main theme of the video, focusing on the development and impact of the movement since its inception. The movement's principles and activities are highlighted as a means to foster positive behavior and community service among young people.

💡Pramuka

Pramuka is the Indonesian version of the Scouting Movement. The term is used in the script to denote the local adaptation of the global Scouting Movement in Indonesia. It emphasizes the international reach and local implementation of the movement's ideals.

💡Scouting for Boys

Scouting for Boys is a seminal book authored by B-P in 1908, which outlines the principles and methods of the Scouting Movement. The book is mentioned in the script as a foundational text that inspired the formation of Scouting groups worldwide, including Indonesia.

💡Girl Guides

Girl Guides, also known as Girl Scouts, is a parallel organization to the Boy Scouts, initially established by B-P's sister, Agnes Baden Powell. The term is significant in the script as it shows the expansion of the Scouting Movement to include girls, promoting gender inclusivity in youth development programs.

💡Jamboree

A Jamboree is a large gathering of Scouts, often held to celebrate the movement and provide an opportunity for Scouts from different countries to meet and interact. The script mentions the first World Jamboree held in 1920, which marked a significant milestone in the international recognition and unity of the Scouting Movement.

💡Pandu

Pandu is an Indonesian term used to refer to Scout leaders or guides. It is used in the script to denote the local terminology for Scout leaders and reflects the cultural adaptation of the movement's terminology in Indonesia.

💡Kesatuan Kepanduan Indonesia (KKI)

Kesatuan Kepanduan Indonesia, or the Union of Indonesian Guides, is a historical organization mentioned in the script as part of the development of the Scouting Movement in Indonesia. It signifies the evolution and formalization of the movement within the country.

💡Proklamasi Kemerdekaan

Proklamasi Kemerdekaan refers to the Proclamation of Independence of Indonesia, a pivotal event in the country's history. The script mentions that despite the challenges faced during the Japanese occupation, the spirit of the Scouting Movement remained strong, and after the Proclamation of Independence, efforts were made to unify the various Scouting organizations.

💡Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia

Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia, or the Indonesian Scout Movement, is the term used in the script to describe the unified Scouting organization in Indonesia. It represents the culmination of efforts to bring together various Scouting groups under one national organization, reflecting the movement's growth and consolidation.

💡Hari Lahir Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia

Hari Lahir Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia, or the Birthday of the Indonesian Scout Movement, is commemorated on August 14th. The script highlights this date as the day when the movement was officially recognized and celebrated, marking a significant milestone in the history of Indonesian Scouting.

Highlights

Robert Stephenson Smith Baden Powell is introduced as the founder of the Scouting movement, also known as the 'Father of Scouting'.

The Scouting movement began on July 25, 1907, with a camping event on Brownsea Island.

The initial aim of Scouting was to counteract the negative impacts of youth interactions at the time.

Baden Powell hoped to foster positive routines, community service, and creativity among youth.

In 1908, Baden Powell wrote 'Scouting for Boys', laying out the foundational principles of Scouting.

The book 'Scouting for Boys' was adapted from Baden Powell's earlier military guide on wilderness survival.

The launch of 'Scouting for Boys' marked the beginning of the global Scouting movement.

Scouting organizations began to emerge worldwide, spreading beyond England.

The movement initially catered to boys, but in 1912, the Girl Guides were established by Baden Powell's sister, Agnes.

The Girl Guides were later continued by Baden Powell's wife, expanding the movement to include girls.

In 1922, Baden Powell published 'Revering To', a book that further inspired the Scouting movement.

The first World Scout Jamboree was held in 1920 in London, attended by 8000 Scouts from 34 countries.

Baden Powell was crowned as the 'Chief Scout of the World' at the Jamboree.

Scouting in Indonesia began in 1912 with the establishment of a Dutch organization.

The Dutch organization was renamed to Nederlands Indies in 1916, reflecting the local adaptation of the term 'Scouting'.

Indonesian national figures later changed the term 'Scouting' to 'Pandu' or 'Kepanduan', reflecting a more nationalist approach.

Various youth organizations were formed in Indonesia, with some having nationalist or religious affiliations.

The Persaudaraan Antar Pandu Indonesia (PAPI) was established in 1928 to strengthen unity among Indonesian Scouts.

In 1930, PAPI merged with the Kepanduan Bangsa Indonesia (KBI), which was initiated by various Indonesian organizations.

The BPPKI was formed to further strengthen the unity of Indonesian Scouting.

During Japanese occupation, Scouting activities were banned, but the spirit of Scouting remained alive.

After Indonesia's independence, a committee was formed to unite all Scouting organizations under one umbrella.

The Congress of the Union of Indonesian Scouting was held in 1945, resulting in the formation of the People's Scout of Indonesia.

The People's Scout of Indonesia was recognized by the government as the sole Scouting organization in 1947.

In the 1960s, there were over 100 Scouting organizations in Indonesia, under three main federations.

On August 14, 1961, the Indonesian Scouting movement was officially established, with the appointment of Martinez and Warna.

August 14 is now celebrated as the birthday of the Indonesian Scouting movement.