Review Pendekatan Behavior #MediaBK #LabBKUpgris

LAB BK UPGRIS

23 Mar 202007:12

Summary

TLDRThis script discusses the behavioral counseling approach, highlighting the differences between operant and classical conditioning. It uses the example of a child, Rika, whose mother uses a doll as a reward to encourage punctuality. The script emphasizes the importance of understanding human behavior as determined by the environment and influenced by positive and negative reinforcements. It outlines the stages of behavioral counseling, including building rapport, listening, identifying and exploring issues, planning, implementing techniques, and evaluating progress. The goal is to help individuals develop healthy behaviors through a structured counseling process.

Takeaways

📚 The script discusses the Behavioral Counseling approach, emphasizing the importance of reviewing B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning and Ivan Pavlov's classical conditioning theories.
🕒 A key example is given about Rika, who is often late, and how her mother's strategy of giving a doll as a reward for being on time at 6:30 AM shapes her behavior.
🔄 The difference between operant and classical conditioning is highlighted, where operant conditioning focuses on reinforcing desired behaviors after they occur independently.
🧠 The script suggests that human behavior is deterministic and heavily influenced by the environment, with good or bad behavior being a reflection of the company one keeps.
👶 The counselor's role in behavioral counseling is described as being directive, acting as both a teacher and a model for healthy individuals.
🔑 The script outlines the stages of individual counseling, starting with building a good relationship (SSB), which includes non-verbal cues and maintaining good eye contact.
👂 Listening skills are emphasized as crucial in counseling, requiring not just hearing the client's words but also understanding their body language and voice intonations.
🔍 The process of identifying and exploring the ABC model (Activator, Behavior, Consequence) is explained as a part of the counseling process to understand the client's issues.
🎯 Goal setting in counseling is discussed, where the counselor helps the client define what they want to achieve and then plans the learning strategies to reach those goals.
🛠 The application and evaluation of problem-solving techniques are covered, analyzing the effectiveness of alternative solutions and planning for future actions.
🏁 Termination of counseling is described, which includes drawing conclusions, summarizing the entire process, and structuring follow-up meetings.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of the video?
-The video focuses on students in the 6th semester who are learning individual counseling with a behavioral counseling approach.
What are the key concepts discussed in behavioral counseling?
-Key concepts in behavioral counseling include learning behavior, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and the role of environment in shaping behavior.
Who are the main figures associated with the behavioral approach?
-The main figures associated with the behavioral approach are JB Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B.F. Skinner. Watson focused on behavior as learned, Pavlov introduced classical conditioning, and Skinner developed operant conditioning.
What is the difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?
-In classical conditioning, a behavior is elicited as a response to a stimulus (e.g., Pavlov’s dog and the bell). In operant conditioning, behavior is shaped by reinforcement, which can be positive or negative.
Can you provide an example of operant conditioning mentioned in the script?
-Yes, the example given involves a child named Rika who is often late. To encourage punctuality, her mother offers a reward (a doll) when Rika is ready by 6:30 AM. This is repeated until Rika’s behavior changes.
What is the potential weakness of classical conditioning as mentioned in the script?
-The potential weakness is that if the reward (the doll) is removed, Rika might return to her old behavior of being late, since the behavior was motivated by the external reward.
How does operant conditioning differ in terms of long-term behavior change?
-In operant conditioning, the behavior is more likely to be sustained because it stems from the individual’s own understanding and self-motivation, not just from external rewards.
What is the role of the environment in shaping behavior, according to the video?
-The environment plays a deterministic role in shaping human behavior. A person's behavior is heavily influenced by their surroundings, which means if a child is misbehaving, it might be because of their environment.
What are the characteristics of a behaviorist counselor?
-A behaviorist counselor is active, directive, and serves both as a teacher and a model for the client. They help the client to develop responsible behavior.
What are the steps in conducting individual behavioral counseling according to the script?
-The steps include: (1) building rapport, (2) assessing behavior using the ABC model (Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence), (3) setting goals, (4) implementing techniques, (5) evaluating progress, and (6) terminating the counseling process.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Behavioral Counseling Approach

This paragraph introduces the behavioral counseling approach, specifically focusing on operant conditioning and classical conditioning. It discusses the historical figures JB Watson and Ivan Pavlov, who contributed to the behavioral approach. The difference between operant and classical conditioning is explained through an example involving a girl named Rika, who is conditioned to wake up earlier with the promise of a reward. The paragraph also touches on the deterministic view of human behavior, suggesting that individuals are shaped by their environment. It emphasizes the importance of learning positive and negative behaviors and how they can be influenced by the environment. The role of a behavioral counselor is described as active and directive, serving as both a teacher and a model for healthy behavior. The counseling process involves establishing a good relationship, listening skills, and understanding the ABC model (Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence).

05:00

🔍 Steps in Behavioral Counseling

The second paragraph delves into the steps involved in behavioral counseling. It starts with the importance of listening, which includes not just hearing the words but also understanding the client's body language and tone of voice. The counselor must make the client feel comfortable. The steps of counseling include identification and exploration of the problem, planning, problem-solving, application, evaluation, and termination. During the identification and exploration phase, the counselor helps the client to define their goals. In the planning phase, the counselor assists in formulating strategies to achieve these goals. The application and evaluation phase involves analyzing the effectiveness of the problem-solving alternatives and planning for future actions. The termination phase includes concluding the counseling session and structuring the agenda for the next meeting.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Behavioral Approach

The behavioral approach is a psychological method that focuses on observable behaviors and the environmental factors that influence them. In the video, this approach is central to the discussion on counseling techniques, emphasizing the role of conditioning and reinforcement in shaping behaviors. The script mentions figures like B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov, whose theories on operant conditioning and classical conditioning, respectively, are foundational to this approach.

💡Operant Conditioning

Operant conditioning, as discussed in the script, is a learning process through which the likelihood of a behavior is increased or decreased by consequences that follow it. The video uses the example of a child receiving a doll as a reward for being ready at 6:30 AM, illustrating how reinforcement can shape behavior. This concept is integral to understanding the behavioral counseling techniques mentioned.

💡Classical Conditioning

Classical conditioning is a learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a response. The script contrasts operant conditioning with classical conditioning, using the example of a child receiving a doll as a reward, which could be seen as a conditioned response to the stimulus of being ready on time. This concept helps differentiate between the two types of conditioning and their applications in behavioral therapy.

💡Reinforcement

Reinforcement in the context of the video refers to the process of increasing the likelihood of a behavior occurring by following it with a rewarding stimulus. The script explains how reinforcement can lead to the establishment of behaviors, such as the child getting a doll for being ready on time, which is a positive reinforcement.

💡Consequence

Consequence, as mentioned in the script, refers to the outcome that follows a behavior, which can either reinforce or extinguish the behavior. In the context of the video, consequences are used in behavioral counseling to modify behaviors, such as removing a reward (the doll) to potentially reduce the occurrence of tardiness.

💡Counseling Techniques

Counseling techniques are methods used by counselors to help clients address and resolve issues. The video discusses various techniques within the behavioral approach, such as identifying ABCs (Antecedents, Behaviors, Consequences) and setting goals for behavior change. These techniques are crucial for the counseling process described in the script.

💡ABC Model

The ABC model stands for Antecedents, Behaviors, and Consequences, a framework used in behavioral therapy to analyze and change behaviors. The script outlines how this model is applied in counseling, starting with identifying the antecedent (e.g., waking up late), the behavior (e.g., tardiness), and the consequence (e.g., missing the first class), and then setting goals and strategies for change.

💡Goal Setting

Goal setting in the video refers to the process of defining what the client hopes to achieve through counseling. After identifying the ABCs, the script mentions that counselors help clients set specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals to guide the counseling process and measure progress.

💡Environmental Determinism

Environmental determinism is the idea that an individual's behavior is largely shaped by their environment. The script touches on this concept by suggesting that a person's behavior is influenced by their surroundings, implying that changes in the environment can lead to changes in behavior, which is a core principle in behavioral counseling.

💡Responsibility

Responsibility in the context of the video is about individuals taking ownership of their behaviors and the consequences that follow. The script discusses how behavioral counseling can help individuals recognize their responsibility in their actions, which is essential for personal growth and change.

💡Counselor's Role

The counselor's role, as described in the script, is multifaceted, including being a guide, a teacher, and a model for healthy behavior. The video emphasizes the importance of the counselor's active and directive approach in facilitating the counseling process, from building rapport to planning and evaluating the effectiveness of behavioral changes.

Highlights

Introduction to the behavioral counseling approach and its application in individual counseling practice.

Review of B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning and its difference from classical conditioning.

Explanation of classical conditioning through the example of Rika's tardiness and her mother's response.

Discussion on how reinforcement in operant conditioning shapes behavior based on awareness and self-regulation.

Behavioral perspective on human behavior as determined by environmental influences.

Concept of positive and negative behaviors and their equal opportunity for expression.

Behavioral counselor's role as an active, directive guide and a model for healthy individuals.

Importance of the ABC model (Activators, Behaviors, Consequences) in behavioral counseling.

Differentiation between Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy and the ABC model in behavioral counseling.

Techniques for establishing a good rapport in counseling, including body language and eye contact.

The skill of listening in counseling, including not just the voice but also body language and intonation.

Identification and exploration of the ABC model within the counseling process.

Planning the counseling process by setting goals and determining learning strategies.

Application and evaluation of problem-solving techniques within the counseling session.

Termination phase of counseling, including final conclusions and structuring for future meetings.

Encouragement to practice behavioral counseling and the conclusion of the session.