The Television Production Process
Summary
TLDRThis video script offers an insightful look into the television production process, emphasizing the importance of the 'process message,' or the desired emotional impact on viewers. It outlines the three key phases of production: pre-production (planning and preparation), production (actual filming), and post-production (editing and distribution). The script uses examples like the movie 'Up' and TV show 'Friends' to illustrate the concept of defined versus actual process messages, highlighting the iterative nature of creating content that resonates with the audience.
Takeaways
- 📺 The television production process can be applied to various forms of production, including film.
- 📽️ 'Process message' refers to the message or emotional response that is actually received by the viewer during the program.
- 🎬 The 'effect to cause model' is crucial in media production, aiming to influence viewers to take certain actions, like tuning in or paying for content.
- 🤝 Pre-production involves planning and preparation, including scriptwriting, casting, and determining the show's look and audience.
- 🎥 Production includes the actual filming or recording of the content, with set assembly, equipment setup, and rehearsals taking place.
- 🖥️ Post-production encompasses editing, sound mixing, special effects, and audience feedback incorporation.
- 🎬 The 'defined process message' is the intended emotional effect that creators aim to achieve with their audience.
- 📈 Feedback from live audiences or screenings is used to iterate and refine the content to align the 'defined process message' with the 'actual process message'.
- 📈 The 'Snyder Cut' of Justice League is an example of audience evaluation influencing a production, leading to a revised release.
- 💡 The three phases of production are critical for understanding the workflow in creating media content, from conception to final product.
Q & A
What is the definition of 'process message' in the context of television production?
-The 'process message' is the message actually received by the viewer during the process of watching a program. It's the emotional or intellectual response that the creators intend to elicit from the audience.
Why is understanding the 'effect to cause model' important in television production?
-Understanding the 'effect to cause model' is important because it helps producers to create content that will engage viewers, leading to higher viewership and potentially more revenue through advertising or ticket sales.
What is the significance of the audience's reaction during a live taping of a show like 'Friends'?
-The audience's reaction during a live taping is significant because it provides immediate feedback on whether the defined process message is being achieved. If a joke doesn't get a laugh, for example, the production team knows they need to adjust their approach.
Can you explain the difference between 'defined process message' and 'actual process message'?
-The 'defined process message' is the intended emotional or intellectual response that the creators want the audience to have. The 'actual process message' is the actual response that the audience has, which may or may not align with the defined message.
Why are screenings done for movies before they are released?
-Screenings are done for movies before release to test audience reactions and gather feedback. This helps filmmakers understand if their defined process message is resonating with viewers and make any necessary adjustments.
What are the three phases of production mentioned in the script?
-The three phases of production are pre-production, production, and post-production. Pre-production involves planning and preparation, production is the actual filming or recording, and post-production includes editing and distribution.
What is the role of 'craft services' during the production phase?
-Craft services provide food and beverages to the crew and talent during production days to ensure they are fed and hydrated while working on set.
Why is audience evaluation important in post-production?
-Audience evaluation is important in post-production because it allows creators to understand how their content is being received. This feedback can lead to adjustments or changes to better align with the intended process message.
What is the purpose of the 'Snyder Cut' of the Justice League as mentioned in the script?
-The 'Snyder Cut' of the Justice League was created in response to audience evaluation. The original director wanted to re-edit the film with his vision, which was different from the theatrical release, and the revised version was well-received by fans.
How does the script describe the importance of planning in pre-production?
-The script emphasizes that planning is crucial in pre-production because it sets the stage for the entire production. Without proper planning, the production may not be successful, as it can lead to disorganization and increased costs.
Outlines
📺 Understanding Television Production Process
The script introduces the television production process, which is applicable to various forms of production like film. It emphasizes the importance of the 'process message,' which is the message received by the viewer during the program. Using the movie 'Up' as an example, the script explains how the intended emotions of a production should align with the viewer's actual feelings. The concept of 'effect to cause model' is introduced, highlighting the need for viewers to engage with the content, which in turn generates revenue through viewership or ticket sales.
🎬 The Effect to Cause Model in Production
This section delves into the 'effect to cause model,' illustrating the process from idea generation to audience feedback. The example of a sitcom featuring 20-somethings in New York City is used to explain how creators aim to elicit specific reactions from viewers, such as laughter or sadness. The script discusses the importance of testing these desired effects, like during a live taping of 'Friends,' where audience laughter confirms the success of a joke. If the desired reaction isn't achieved, creators may need to revise the content, demonstrating the iterative nature of production.
📽️ The Power of Process Message in Storytelling
The script uses a news story by Steve Hartman to demonstrate the impact of the 'process message.' It tells the tale of a young boy, Trey, who continues to honor his deceased grandmother's memory by releasing balloons for her. The story is meant to evoke feelings of sadness, happiness, hope, and love. The script points out that while the creator has a defined process message in mind, the actual process message is determined by the audience's reaction. This segment encourages viewers to consider the emotions a story elicits and the intention behind them.
🎥 The Three Phases of Production
The script outlines the three main phases of production: pre-production, production, and post-production. Pre-production involves planning and preparation, such as casting actors, writing scripts, and determining the show's look and feel. Production is the phase where the actual filming occurs, including set assembly, equipment setup, and recording. Post-production covers all activities after filming, like editing, sound mixing, special effects, and distribution. The script stresses the importance of thorough planning in pre-production and the potential for adjustments during production.
🔍 Deep Dive into Production Phases and Their Significance
This part of the script provides a deeper look into each phase of production. In pre-production, the focus is on developing the idea, understanding the target audience, presenting proposals, writing scripts, and organizing finances and hiring. Production involves set building, equipment setup, rehearsals, and actual recording. Post-production is where editing, sound work, and audience evaluation take place, with examples like re-recording dialogue in a controlled environment and adjusting content based on audience feedback. The script concludes with a reminder of the importance of understanding these phases for an upcoming quiz and encourages attendance check for the lesson.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Process Message
💡Effect to Cause Model
💡Defined Process Message
💡Actual Process Message
💡Pre-Production
💡Production
💡Post-Production
💡Craft Services
💡Strike the Set
💡Audience Evaluation
Highlights
The television production process can be applied to various types of productions, including film.
Process message is the message actually received by the viewer during a program.
The effect-to-cause model is essential in television and film production to engage viewers and generate revenue.
The defined process message is the desired effect the creators want to have on their audience.
The actual process message is the effect the audience actually experiences, which may differ from the defined message.
Feedback from the audience is crucial for adjusting the production to align the defined and actual process messages.
The production process involves three phases: pre-production, production, and post-production.
Pre-production includes planning, preparation, casting, scriptwriting, and securing finances.
Production involves assembling the set, setting up equipment, and recording the actual event.
Post-production includes editing, sound mixing, special effects, and audience evaluation.
The importance of audience feedback is emphasized through examples like the Snyder Cut of Justice League.
The process message is illustrated through the example of the movie 'Up' and the emotional response it aims to evoke.
The influence of demographic targeting in advertising is discussed with examples from TV and film.
The role of craft services in providing food for crew and talent during production is mentioned.
The significance of rehearsals and run-throughs in the production phase to refine the performance is highlighted.
The necessity of striking the set after production to deconstruct and prepare for post-production is explained.
The impact of audio sweetening in post-production to enhance and correct audio issues is discussed.
The role of marketing and distribution in post-production to promote the final product is covered.
Transcripts
hey guys and welcome to audio video
production one our lesson today
is titled the television production
process
uh the television production process um
even though it says television this
could be applied to film
this could be applied to really any type
of production
that you happen to be that you happen to
be doing
so let's hop right in
so first thing we need to know about
television production we got a
definition here and that definition
is the process message the process
message is really important
um it's defined as the message that is
actually received by the viewer
in the process of watching a program
so let's take for example that you're
watching
a movie about a husband and a wife
they've well let me give you a good
example let's try the movie up
if you've seen the movie up at the very
beginning it goes through the life
of um mr frederickson
and his wife and then you figure out
that she's passed away
so basically as you're watching that
what was the message that you
received um what did how did you
actually feel
did you feel sad okay if you felt sad
then that's the process
message that's the message you actually
received
by the viewer in the process of watching
the program so
if you're watching a movie and they
wanted it to be sad and you started
laughing you're like this is this is
super funny
then the process messages you thought it
was funny but that's not really what
they wanted you to feel
so process message the message actually
received by the viewer
in the process of watching the program
now it's going to be really important
to understand the effect to cause model
now everything we do in television
film etc you want people to watch
your program you want them to tune in
you want them to
pay attention to what's going on and the
reason for that
is is you want to make money okay the
more people that pay to see your movie
um the more money you're gonna make you
know the more people that come to the
theater
buy it on demand etc uh television shows
the more people that watch your tv show
the more advertising dollars
that you'll be able to charge to watch
that tv show
so let's kind of uh figure out here what
the effect to cause model really
is the first thing whenever you're
starting to do and we're going to use tv
show for an example here
you come up with an idea for a tv show
and
you're like um i have this show
and it's about some
20 somethings in new york city and
there's uh some girls that the three
girls that live on one side of the
hallway
and directly on the other side of the
hallway three guys are living there
and um you know i want it to be a really
cool show about
friends and i think that
um you know people will really be
interested in
uh learning about these friends um i
want it sometimes to be funny because i
do want it to be a situational comedy
what we call a sitcom
so most of the time i want to get a lot
of laughs i want it to be really funny
there might be times where i want it to
be sad there might be times where i want
it to be heartwarming
and you can if you've ever watched the
show friends you can think about those
different episodes but
for the most part it was a situational
comedy a sitcom
so you come up with an idea for the show
and you go and you put your
first show together as the writer
as the producers as the creators of the
show
you are going to put into play what is
called the defined
process message now to define process
message
is the desired effect that you want to
have on your audience
so in other words when phoebe and ross
are talking and phoebe tells a joke
you want the audience to laugh okay
that is your defined process message
this is the desired effect that you want
to have
on your particular audience so um
i've actually been at some tapings of
the tv show friends
it's a lot of fun to go watch a taping
of a show obviously that one's not
being produced anymore but you can watch
lots of reruns
on television or netflix um etc so
you go to the taping of the show and
you're sitting there in the audience
and here's this scene between ross and
phoebe phoebe tells the joke
the reason the audience is sitting there
um
the live studio audience is they want to
know if you laugh
the writers are actually there they're
right down there you've got all the
camera people you got the actors you got
the producers the creators of the show
etc
phoebe tells the joke and people laugh
okay so here's what happened they
had a defined process message that
phoebe was gonna tell a joke and people
were gonna find it funny that was the
desired effect they wanted on the
audience
so they went into production and they
started producing
that show where phoebe tells that joke
okay um so phoebe tells the joke
the live studio audience is sitting
there and nobody laughs at the joke
so the actual process message was
the actual effect on the audience nobody
laughed
so the writers the director the
producers
they're all sitting there and like
nobody laughed they just got what's
called
their feedback so they received that
feedback
and went that joke didn't work it didn't
work
so what are they going to do they're
going to go all the way back to the idea
phase
they're going to write a new joke okay
and you're all sitting there waiting
while they're doing this
you know a 22 episode of friends it took
us eight to nine hours to take that
episode
so they come up back up with another
idea they say this is going to be a
great joke we want people to laugh
that's their defined process message
they put it into production
the actors do it they record it and
guess what the audience
doesn't laugh again so the actual
process
message actual effect on the audience it
wasn't funny
that feedback since nobody clapped
nobody laughed
that feedback went back to them and then
they start the process over and over
again
this is why an episode of friends that i
went to took over nine
hours to record because they weren't
the defined process message wasn't
actually becoming
the actual process message so they
do this a third time they write a joke
for phoebe she tells the joke
that's in production and guess what the
audience just busts out loud laughing
it's the funny funniest thing they've
ever heard so guess what they've now
done the effect to cause model
they got the process message the actual
one
that they wanted they got people laughed
and they'll move on
so it all just works through just like
that an idea comes up
they pretty much decide how they're
going to manipulate you
you know if you watch you know chick
flicks i call them
um i live with all women in my home i've
got my wife and my daughters
and we watch a lot of chick flicks in
our house you know they want you
sometimes to laugh they want you
sometimes to cry
and so they're gonna put that together
they're really manipulating you they
want you to feel
a certain way and it's
all about the process message they're
going to define it they're going to
produce it
what does the audience actually get out
of it they're going to get that feedback
and then they're going to move forward
in the movie world a lot of times they
will put a movie together they don't
have an audience sitting there they're
assuming that it's going to be funny
so in the movie world what will happen
is a lot of times they will do
screenings
after they're completed the film and the
film might not fully be edited
might not have all the effects in the
film but they're going to do that and
then they're going to screen it and then
they're going to interview people
they're going to listen they're going to
sit in the back and listen did they
laugh
did they hear anything sniffling when
they cried did anybody you know
you know go oh that was gross or did
they get scared did they get the the
effective cause they were looking for
um and then sometimes after they'll even
sit down and they'll ask questions
what'd you think of this what'd you
think of that what'd you think of this
and that's why you have movies sometimes
that you've heard about
that were in production that actually
take years before they come out because
they will literally go back
and they will redo that again the most
important thing why are we talking about
this because we want people to watch
the audio video productions that we
create no matter what it happens to be
we just have to understand what a
defined process message is
and an actual process message i want to
actually show you
a news story i want you now that you've
kind of thought
about uh how we've put things together
here as far as
process message the defined the actual
um what we're gonna do is we're gonna
watch a three-minute news story
and this was done by one of my favorite
news people does a lot of really cool
and interesting stories his name is
steve hartman
in the course you'll actually watch a
lot of steve hartman videos because
steve hartman is cool
um what steve hartman did and you're
gonna notice
this a little bit old this is about 10
years ago but what steve hartman used to
do
is they would have whoever they did
their their story on
would then take a dart and they would
throw it at a map of the united states
you'll actually see that at the
beginning of this video
they'll throw that dart and whatever it
lands whatever state and city it lands
on
um him and his camera person his
photographer they will travel to that
city
um back in the old days they'd go to
what was called a phone booth pricing
those in movies before
they would go to the phone booth and
they'd find the phone book
they'd open the phone book just randomly
pointed a name
they would call that person and then
they would you know arrange to go to
their house
and they would do a news story on
whoever answered the phone
it was actually called everybody has a
story they were proving that every
single person is interesting
everybody has some story to tell so
let's kick back and relax and watch this
i want you to pay attention about how
this makes you feel and i want you to
we're gonna that's gonna be the process
message the actual what you got out of
it how you felt
um and then we'll look at you know what
was steve hartman maybe trying to get
you to feel
so here's everybody have a story it's
called balloon
there you go you will be going to
fentress county
tennessee here in the foothills of the
great smoky mountains
okay i always thought i could find a
story in anyone
at least anyone old enough to answer a
phone piles
but i didn't plan on this hello
which meant i had to try and learn
something about life
from a five-year-old is it hard
that's quite a talent this obviously
wasn't going to be easy
trey is just at that age where he can't
sit still no matter where he is
[Music]
he has a like-minded brother
appropriately named
chase and a mom and dad who try and keep
up
after church and a quick drink trey
likes to eat muffins the size of montana
he's still working on the finer points
of soccer and t-ball
but already excels at nintendo and
english as a second language
but what he's really bestess at is
kindness
every few weeks trey likes to give
balloons to his grandma
thank you of course a lot of kids like
to give their grandma presents
but what's special about trey is that he
still does
after the funeral he walked in a room
and just started crying
and that was really hard for me because
they were really close
trey used to see his grandma almost
every day
he was two when she died and yet he
clearly still remembers
i never say let's do this it's always
him saying
i want to give my mommy a balloon i
asked trey if he would show me how you
give a balloon to someone who's not here
anymore
and he obliged but didn't take me to the
cemetery
because his way of thinking is why tie
it to a tombstone when she's not even
there
why not bring it up here and let her
catch it
[Music]
as trey watched that balloon disappear
into his grandma's arms
i realized that he did have something to
say after all
that faith is where you find it and
there's a lot more to religion
than just sitting up straight on sundays
louisiana until then i'm steve hartman
cbs news in fentress county tennessee
all right so how did you feel
you know what did you you know it was
very interesting story
had an interesting turn about his young
man and his grandmother and then how the
balloons
played into it i have a feeling that
steve's process
message what he want his desired process
message for you
is that he wanted you to feel a little
bit sad but he also wanted you to feel a
little bit happy have some hope
um and maybe even some love for this
young man and what he was going through
how did you actually feel how you felt
watching that
is the actual process message and see
steve
not getting that feedback from you so he
doesn't know what the actual process
message was
we just know what the desired one was
all right now that we've got that down
you already heard me talk a little bit
about
production well there are three phases
of production
that you need to be familiar with you've
probably heard these before
but they are pre-production production
and post-production pre-production is
basically
everything that happens before you get
those cameras out and start actually
filming
or taping whatever your production
happens to be
it's the planning and preparation stage
now i will say this a lot of you i know
watch a lot of youtubers out there
and i'm going to be honest with you a
lot of these youtubers
they don't plan at all they turn the
camera on and they start going
most youtubers when they start out will
never make it
why because they have not planned it is
so important you just don't you just
don't grab a camera and start filming
anything
we don't do nhs tv or bobcat tv or eagle
tv just
hey everybody show up and we'll just
roll the cameras and start doing
something
there's a lot of preparation that has to
come into play there
for a commercial for a short film for a
tv show
um for a full length motion picture a
ton of pre-production is going to go
into that
so planning and preparation happens
there here just some examples
um actors are cast crew is hired scripts
are written
storyboards are done in film um they put
together schedule shooting schedules
they will send people if it's a major
motion picture like a new jurassic world
that's coming out
they will literally send scouts out to
look at different
they'll travel the world and find good
locations to film in all of that stuff
is happening before we set up the
cameras and before we start rolling
when we start rolling when well when we
have done our pre-production we got it
exactly the way we want we roll into
production
these are the actual activities when the
event is recorded
a lot of times we will say taped even
though nobody uses tape anymore
um in film it's called principal
photography for the movie or tv show
it's you know when they're actually
filming the show
but a lot of other things happen here it
looks like out of the spelling error
here but uh the crew and talent
are often fed by craft services i should
say craft services
on production day so they're being fed
as they're working and living on these
movie sets to do that kind of stuff
anything that happens while they are
filming happens during
production our final phase is post
production
and that's pretty easy it's any event
that takes place after production
so you're editing you're sound mixing um
your foley
we'll talk about that later uh special
effects that need to be put in you know
a lot of these movies that you watch are
filmed on blue and green screens
some of them entirely are filmed on blue
and green screens
so a lot of special effect work effects
work has to be done in post-production
also distribution to movie theaters
advertising in the film watching those
trailers etc
all of that is post production so those
are your three phases let's dig into
what happens in these three phases a
little bit more
all right so let's break down our
three levels of production in
pre-production
here are some things that take place
you're going to develop the idea we've
talked a lot about the idea
you're going to determine who your
audience is you know if we go back to
the tv show friends
the audience was basically believe it or
not somewhere between the age
of a teenager and about 32
33 34 years old that's who they thought
the audience would be
for friends so then as they're writing
the joke they're thinking about that
demographic of who that audience
actually is
um another really important thing with
that is and i want you to pay attention
if you ever
watch football games what do you see
when you watch an nfl game what are the
commercials
the commercials are usually products
like beer
um manly types of products just pay
attention a lot of trucks being sold etc
um they're determining who the audience
is and then advertisers are saying yep
that's our demographic we want to
advertise there
if you ever stay home we've all had a
lot of time to stay home lately
have you ever stayed home and watch tv
during the day you're going to see
advertising for a lot of cleaning
products for makeup for things like that
again they're assuming that people that
are running the home
the people that are buying those types
of products maybe don't work or they're
working from home but they're actually
at home quite a bit
so in pre-production they're going to
determine who their audience is
um in pre-production they're going to
present their proposal nobody makes a
movie
a tv show a commercial without somebody
signing off on it and why does that
somebody have to sign off
because things cost money costs an awful
lot of money
even to put together a 15 second
public service announcement so you're
going to have to present that proposal
and it's going to have to be approved by
the decision makers
in your organization you're going gonna
have to develop write and develop the
script and put that together
you're gonna have to determine the look
of your show what do you want it to look
like
um what colors do you want to use um
if we go back many so maybe some of you
have seen a movie called the matrix
i'm with keanu reeves in the matrix when
you watch those movies you get a
green tint to all of those movies
why well it's because the computer
screen didn't used to be color
used to be black and the text used to be
green
and so they got that color hue and so
most of the matrix is done
with that particular look that's going
to be determined in pre-production as
well
they just don't show up on set and go oh
i think we want our color scheme to be
green or we want it to be bright you
know they're going to figure all of that
out in pre-production
and then they're going to set their
finances in order and they're going to
start hiring
the crew they're going to hire the the
actors they're going to hire whoever's
going to be in that particular
production
and there's many other things that
happen in pre-production but this gives
you a good example
all right then we move into the actual
production phase
in production again it's everything we
do we're going to assemble the set
now some of that might be done you might
think would be done in pre-production
when you're not rolling cameras yet
they're actually building the sets once
you've
you're building the sets though you're
spending a ton of money so that is
actually putting the sets together on a
movie production
that's actually considered during
production although some might argue
that still falls in the pre-production
phase you're going to set up all of your
equipment
that's going to be your lighting which
is super important you're going to set
up your environment you're going to set
up your cameras you're gonna put bring
your audio
uh microphones and things in to be able
to do that you're gonna do your run
throughs and rehearsals
um you might reset your period to adjust
things hey we did that all we need to
move some lights hey we need to set this
over here hey we need to put that here
that's going to happen in this time as
well you're going to do your actual
recording and taping
and then when you're done you're going
to strike the set striking the set means
taking the set
down or moving those pieces
then we finally move into the final
phase of production which is known as
post production
it's where all of the editing is going
to happen and all the fixing
so you made some mistakes in production
let me give you an example and i'm going
to tie it into number three there the
audio sweetening
let's say that you're out on location
and you're recording
but you didn't quite get good audio
maybe a bird flew over and was chirping
and you didn't want that in there
what the fixing is gonna be is you're
gonna bring the actor back
in they're going to re-record their
lines in a nice quiet sound stage or
sound studio
and then they're going to put that into
it and take the old audio out
they're going to make all the sounds
sound good they're going to put in sound
effects
we call foley artist all of that is
going to be done in post-production
um you're also going to take care of
paperwork invoices you're going to be
paying people out that's also in
post-production you're going to do the
audio evaluation that we talked about
earlier where
i'm sorry audience evaluation where
you're going to be
getting feedback from audiences hey did
we like this um
because maybe if we didn't we're going
to go back into production and we're
going to fix some things
or we're going to go all the way back to
pre-production and change some script
items whatever it happens to be
if you have paid attention to the snyder
cut
of the justice league there is an
example where
audience evaluation was important
although very rare the movie was
actually released
into theaters um it a new director had
taken over
um changed a lot of things that the
original director had done
and audiences overall didn't really like
the justice league
um the original director said hey i've
got a bunch of stuff i'd really like to
redo it with stuff that i already shot
and put it together the way i envisioned
it
audiences loved that warner brothers
green lighted it and here pretty soon
the snyder cut of justice league will be
coming out all due to audience
evaluation
and then marketing watching those
trailers for the movie
um if it's a tv show they're going to
have pictures of the anchors on buses
and things like that
promoting that particular programming
that they happen to be doing
so that concludes our lesson on the
television production process
you should be familiar with process
message you should also unders
understand the three phases of
production
which are very important as well because
you guys will have an upcoming quiz on
that so
make sure you also do the attendance
check for today and we'll see you back
here tomorrow
تصفح المزيد من مقاطع الفيديو ذات الصلة
Langkah-Langkah Membuat Film Pendek - Tutorial Film Pendek
The 3 Stages of Film Production: Summary
Television Production: Crash Course Film Production with Lily Gladstone #15
How I PLAN My TRAVEL VIDEOS - Pre-Production Process
What is Production? Types of Production, Factors of Production
80 लाख ईंट कैसे तैयार होती है इस Bhatte में😱| Brick Making Process Muzaffarnagar | MOW303
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