Lies of History About Ancient Indians - Aryan Migration Theory DNA Analysis - FutureIQ
Summary
TLDRThis script delves into the origins of Indians, debunking the Aryan Invasion Theory and exploring the genetic evidence that supports a more complex history. It discusses the three main waves of ancestral DNA: ancient African hunter-gatherers, Middle Eastern pre-farmers, and step herders from Central Asia. The script highlights how these groups gradually intermixed, contributing to the rich tapestry of Indian civilization, and emphasizes the lack of evidence for a violent invasion, suggesting instead a series of migrations and cultural integrations.
Takeaways
- 📚 The script discusses the controversial origins of Indians, addressing whether they are descendants of Aryans from Europe, Dravidians native to India, or the Indus Valley Civilization.
- 🔍 It mentions the Aryan Invasion Theory, which was once popular but is now largely discredited due to lack of evidence supporting an invasion.
- 🌏 The script explains the Out of India Theory, which suggests that the origins of various languages and cultures are from India, but this too is not supported by academic evidence.
- 🧬 Recent genetic research, including a 2019 paper analyzing DNA from 800 individuals across the region, indicates that modern Indian DNA is a mix from three main sources: ancient hunter-gatherers, Middle Eastern pre-farmers, and step herders from Central Asia.
- 🌾 The Middle Eastern pre-farmers, who migrated to the Indus Valley, struggled initially with agriculture due to differences in rainfall patterns, but eventually developed advanced farming techniques, contributing to the rise of the Indus Valley Civilization.
- 🏙️ The decline of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1900 BC is believed to be due to the drying up of rivers, leading to the migration of its people into other parts of India.
- 🌈 The script highlights a genetic gradient in India, with higher percentages of Middle Eastern pre-farmer DNA in the north and more ancient hunter-gatherer DNA in the south.
- 🧔 The arrival of the step herders, ancestors of Sanskrit speakers, in India around 1800 BC is characterized by male DNA predominance, suggesting they intermixed with local populations, possibly outcompeting local men.
- 🔄 The script emphasizes that there was significant intermixing across castes in India until around 100 AD, after which there was a marked decrease, indicating a shift towards endogamy within castes.
- 🔍 The evidence points to a gradual cultural and genetic integration rather than a sudden invasion, with no large-scale massacres, destruction, or sudden changes in material culture or language.
- 🌟 The script concludes that all Indians are a mix of ancient hunter-gatherers, Middle Eastern farmers, and step herders, and that the history of India is a tapestry of these various influences.
Q & A
What is the origin of the term 'Aryan' and why is it controversial?
-The term 'Aryan' originated from the idea that a group of people from the Caucasus Mountains spoke a common language called Proto-Indo-European. It's controversial because it was used by racist Europeans to imply that 'white' Arians were a superior race that spread their language and culture around the world, which is not supported by modern scientific evidence.
What does the script suggest about the Aryan Invasion Theory?
-The script suggests that the Aryan Invasion Theory is not taken seriously in academia anymore due to lack of evidence supporting the idea that Arians invaded and subjugated local populations in India.
How did Hindu nationalists respond to the Aryan Invasion Theory?
-Hindu nationalists rejected the Aryan Invasion Theory, proposing an 'Out of India' model where they claim that Hindus have always been in India, creating Sanskrit and the Vedas, and then spreading their culture and language to the rest of the world. However, this view is not supported by academic evidence.
What is the significance of the genetic evidence in understanding Indian ancestry?
-Genetic evidence, including DNA sequencing from human remains, provides a clearer picture of population movements and interactions over time. It shows a flow of genetic markers towards India, supporting the idea of migrations rather than invasions.
What are the three main sources of modern Indian DNA according to the 2019 paper mentioned in the script?
-The three main sources of modern Indian DNA are ancient hunter-gatherers from Africa who arrived around 65,000 years ago, Middle Eastern pre-farmers who arrived between 6,000 to 4,000 BC, and steppe herders from the step grasslands of Ukraine and Kazakhstan who arrived around 1800 BC.
How did the Indus Valley Civilization decline and what does this have to do with population movements in India?
-The Indus Valley Civilization declined around 1900 BC due to possible geological changes, such as rivers drying up, which led to the civilization's collapse and subsequent migration of its people into other parts of India, mixing with the local populations.
What is the relationship between the DNA of steppe herders and the modern Indian population?
-The DNA of steppe herders is present in the modern Indian population, but primarily as male DNA, suggesting that they intermixed with local women. However, their contribution to the overall genetic makeup of Indians is relatively small, with a gradient from more in the north to less in the south.
How does the script explain the formation of modern Indian languages?
-Modern Indian languages are a mix of the languages brought by the steppe herders, which were ancestors of Sanskrit, and the languages of the local populations, including the Indus Valley Civilization and possibly a Proto-Dravidian language of the ancient hunter-gatherers.
What evidence is there to suggest that the movements of people into India were migrations rather than invasions?
-The evidence includes a lack of large-scale massacres or destruction, gradual changes in material culture and languages, and the relatively small percentage of steppe herder DNA in the modern Indian population, all pointing towards a gradual integration rather than a sudden takeover.
How does the script relate the genetic evidence to the caste system in India?
-The script notes that there is a correlation between caste and genetic makeup, with certain castes, such as Brahmins, having a higher percentage of steppe herder DNA. It also mentions that there was significant intermixing across castes until around 100 AD, after which there was a period of endogamy that lasted for about 1900 years.
What is the conclusion of the script regarding the ancestry and history of Indians?
-The script concludes that Indians are a mix of ancient hunter-gatherers, Middle Eastern farmers, and steppe herders, and that the history of India is characterized by gradual migrations and cultural integration rather than invasions.
Outlines
🧬 Origins of Indians: Dispelling the Arian Invasion Theory
The paragraph delves into the controversial questions of Indian ancestry, challenging the Arian Invasion Theory which suggests that Indians are descended from Arians who came from Europe. It discusses the linguistic similarities between North Indian languages and European languages, which led to the hypothesis of a Proto-Indo-European language. The paragraph also touches upon the racial implications of the theory, which were used to support the idea of a superior Caucasian race, and notes that this theory is no longer taken seriously in academia due to lack of evidence.
🌏 Genetic Evidence and the Three Waves of Indian Ancestry
This paragraph presents scientific evidence from DNA sequencing that has provided a clearer understanding of Indian ancestry. It describes three major waves of migration contributing to the genetic makeup of modern Indians: ancient hunter-gatherers from Africa around 65,000 years ago, Middle Eastern pre-farmers between 6,000 to 4,000 BC, and steppe herders from the step grasslands around 1800 BC. The paragraph highlights a 2019 paper that analyzed DNA from 800 individuals across 19 locations, supporting the theory of migration rather than invasion.
🌱 The Development of Agriculture and the Indus Valley Civilization
The paragraph discusses the early development of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent region of Iran and the subsequent migration of some of these pre-farmers to the Indus Valley, where they intermingled with the local hunter-gatherers. It explains the challenges faced by these early farmers due to the different climate and monsoon patterns, and how they gradually adapted, leading to the rise of the Indus Valley Civilization. The decline of this civilization around 1900 BC due to geological changes and drying up of rivers is also mentioned.
📉 The Gradual Decline of the Indus Valley Civilization and Cultural Diffusion
This paragraph continues the narrative of the Indus Valley Civilization's decline and the migration of its people into other parts of India. It describes the cultural and genetic exchange that occurred as these migrants adapted to new regions, leading to a population explosion and the spread of agriculture and civilization. The paragraph also establishes a gradient of genetic diversity across India, with more Indus Valley DNA in the north and more ancient hunter-gatherer DNA in the south.
🛡️ The Arrival of Steppe Herders and the Myth of Arian Superiority
The paragraph addresses the arrival of steppe herders, traditionally referred to as Arians, who migrated to India around 1600 BC. It emphasizes that these people intermixed with the local population rather than dominating through invasion. The DNA evidence indicates that while the male DNA of the steppe herders is present in modern Indians, the female DNA is predominantly from the ancestral hunter-gatherers, suggesting a complex pattern of cultural and genetic assimilation.
🔍 DNA Evidence and the Complexity of Indian Ancestry
This paragraph explores the complexities of Indian ancestry, highlighting the variations in DNA percentages among different castes and regions. It discusses the endogamous practices that began around 100 AD, which reduced inter-caste mixing and stabilized the genetic makeup of each caste. The paragraph also refutes the idea of an invasion, pointing out the gradual changes in culture, language, and DNA that occurred over centuries, rather than abrupt shifts that would be expected from a conquest.
🌐 Conclusion: A Mosaic of Ancestry and the Rejection of the 'Out of India' Theory
The final paragraph concludes the discussion by summarizing that Indians are a blend of ancient hunter-gatherers, Middle Eastern farmers, and steppe herders. It emphasizes that the evidence points to a migration into India, not an invasion, and rejects the 'Out of India' theory. The paragraph also underscores the gradual cultural and linguistic integration that has shaped the history of ancient and modern India.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Proto-Indo-European
💡Aryan Invasion Theory
💡Caucasus Mountains
💡Indus Valley Civilization
💡DNA Sequencing
💡Mitochondrial DNA
💡Steppe Herders
💡Ancestral North Indian (ANI)
💡Ancestral South Indian (ASI)
💡Endogamy
💡Gradual Change
Highlights
Recent scientific evidence has allowed for a more certain answer to the controversial questions of Indian ancestry.
The Aryan Invasion Theory, which suggests a Caucasian race spread superior language and culture, is now largely dismissed in academia due to lack of evidence.
Hindu nationalists propose an 'Out of India' theory, claiming that Indian culture and language spread globally, but this is unsupported by academic evidence.
Archaeological and genetic evidence point towards a movement into India, rather than out, with cultural and agricultural practices spreading over time.
A 2019 paper with over 100 co-authors analyzed DNA from 800 individuals across 19 locations, providing a comprehensive genetic timeline for the Indian subcontinent.
Modern Indian DNA is a mix of three ancient populations: African hunter-gatherers, Middle Eastern pre-farmers, and Steppe herders from Eastern Europe.
The decline of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1900 BC may be linked to the drying up of rivers, leading to migration and cultural mixing.
The Steppe herders, associated with an early form of Sanskrit and Vedic religion, migrated to India around 1800 BC and intermixed with local populations.
DNA evidence shows a predominance of male Steppe herder DNA in modern Indians, suggesting male migration and intermixing with local women.
Caste systems in India may have influenced genetic diversity, with different castes showing varying percentages of Steppe herder DNA.
Intermixing across castes was common until around 100 AD, after which endogamy became prevalent, preserving genetic signatures within castes.
The history of India is a tapestry of gradual migrations and cultural integrations, rather than a single invasion event.
The absence of evidence for large-scale massacres or sudden cultural shifts supports the theory of gradual migration over invasion.
The blending of languages in India over time reflects a process of cultural assimilation rather than a forced imposition of a single language.
The genetic and cultural history of India challenges long-held beliefs and provides a more nuanced understanding of its diverse heritage.
The research encourages a reevaluation of historical narratives and promotes a more inclusive and scientifically grounded view of Indian ancestry.
Transcripts
what are Indians are we descended from
Arians who came in from Europe or are we
descended from dravidians who were
always here in India or are we descended
from the Indus Valley Civilization these
questions have been very controversial
for the last years but in recent times
we finally have scientific evidence
which allows us to answer these
questions with a degree of certainty
okay I remember reading in my school
textbooks that the Arians came in via
the Iber pass and that's about all I can
remember so let's start from the
beginning of that Arian Theory okay okay
in the late 1700s there was a British
linguist who came to India so he was
amazed at how many words in North Indian
languages like Sanskrit Bengali Hindi
were similar to words in European
languages like greek latin French and
also Persian so he came up with the idea
that all of these are descendants of a
common language called the Proto
indoeuropean yeah later in the mid 1800s
Max Mueller came up with the theory that
there was a group of people in the
Caucasus Mountains who spoke this Proto
indoeuropean language and they spread
this all over some of them migrated to
Europe giving rise to the europian
languages some went to Persia giving
rise to Persian and Iranian languages
okay and some came to India giving rise
to Sanskrit and modern Indian languages
the Caucasus Mountains is where
Caucasians are from the white man the
white Caucasians right correct and
racist Europeans loved this Theory okay
the theory is that white men spread out
and they were the superior race and they
defeated and subjugated the Primitive
local races and they ruled the world
okay of course because why not The White
Man's Burden as we all know not just
that tell me why Caucasus Mountains uh
no idea honestly because that's where
Mount Ararat is Mount Ararat where
Noah's Arc landed after 40 days okay so
their theory is that the biblical people
from Noah's Ark spread out from the
Caucasus Mountains and these Caucasians
took over the world and their language
took over the world so they basically
took every possible story that could
have been created and mashed it into one
single thing that fit into the biblical
worldview yeah why not this Theory
called the Aran Invasion theory is not
taken seriously by anyone in Academia
anymore because the evidence is just not
there okay there is no evidence that
Arians came and invaded there is no
evidence that the local people were
primitive and would give up easily right
the Moen jaro and harapa civilizations
were quite Advanced there is no evidence
that these guys came and took over and
like became rulers okay so if the Arian
Invasion theory is not true then what is
the theory that explains all of this
before we go there let me talk about the
reaction of Hindu nationalists to the
Arian Invasion Theory okay they hated
the idea so much that they went to the
Other Extreme obviously according to
them Hindus have always been here hm
okay because this the land of Ganga is
our puni and our
pomi okay so the idea that we came from
outside just doesn't jel with their
worldview okay so their theory is that
we are the Arians in India we created
Sanskrit the perfect language we created
vdas the perfect books and then we took
it to the rest of the world 7,000 years
ago and that gave rise to Persian and
the avestan religion and in Europe that
gave rise to Greek and Latin and all the
modern European languages and I'm
guessing this is not true either this is
in fact so untrue that no academics take
this seriously at all there is zero
evidence for this there is no
archaeological evidence showing movement
from here outside there is no genetic
evidence showing movement of genes
outside of India it's less than 2% and
there is no linguistic evidence all the
evidence actually points towards
movement into India okay archaeological
evidence as in so for example you see
certain kinds of pottery H say 5,000
years ago in India then 4,000 years ago
it shows up in Afghanistan okay then
3,000 years ago it shows up in Persia
then 2,000 years ago it shows up in
Ukraine then 1,000 years ago shows up in
Europe right so that would mean that
Pottery went from India to Afghanistan
to uh Persia to Ukraine right and it's
not just Pottery right it's specific
Styles it is a way of making pots it's a
way of making tools it's a system of
using iron whatever right all those
things okay so that evidence points the
other WEA exactly okay and the genetic
evidence you said correct so this is the
big thing in the last 15 20 years okay
because now with DNA sequencing what we
can do is that we can dig up human
remains that we find at archaeological
websites we can try to pick out DNA from
that and sequence them in the lab okay
okay for each such person we can pick
out
600,000 genetic markers okay okay not
just that but for each one of them we
can use carbon dating so we know the
date also okay okay okay now imagine
that there are two lines of DNA one in
say Iran and it is showing genetic
markers B CDE bcde bcde and like every
few hundred years and it is going down
like this okay on this side in India you
are for similar dates you are seeing
pqrs in the Next Generation there is
pqrs 100 years later there is pqrs
suddenly now you start seeing bcrs BCS
okay oh you can clearly see that what
has happened is that someone from Persia
came to India around this time and then
they started mixing here H if it were P
qde then we would say that the mixing
happened the other way around and I'm
not talking about just four or five
things like that right we are talking
about 600,000 so when there is evidence
there is lots of evidence like this got
it okay got it now evidence like this
there are 100 of papers earlier they
used to be the archaeological evidence
okay but now at least dozens of papers
with genetic evidence showing flow
towards India related to India have been
published okay we will focus primarily
on one paper which is like an awesome
paper Okay 2019 paper it has 100 plus
co-authors from 18 countries including
from Indian colleges okay
this paper analyzed DNA from 800
different persons from 19 different
locations all over this region dates
from 12,000 BC all the way to 1 BC okay
okay and
269 distinct dates by carbon dating so
269 different points in time over a
period of 12,000 years remember that
everything we do here is backed by SCI
scientific research and scientific uh
data so even when we are giving examples
those examples are actually from
existing papers and existing research so
in this particular case this paper has
uh data from a period of 12,000 years
there are 269 different points in those
12,000 years that are being considered
but those are enough to establish a
clear timeline not just that but the
findings of this paper agree with all
the other re evence the archaeological
evidence the linguistic evidence the
anthropological evidence and evidence
from stories of all the different
cultures okay so this looks like a
fairly solid bit of research here
absolutely what does this paper say h it
says that modern Indian DNA has come
from three sources of DNA okay the first
is ancient hunter gatherers who came out
of Africa to India around 65,000 years
ago the second wave is of Middle Eastern
pre farmers who came around 6,000 to
4,000 BC the third wave was step herders
these are from the step grasslands
Ukraine kazakistan they came in around
1800 BC okay okay so now let's look at
these three waves in detail and what
they did to India all right all right so
first 65,000 years ago humans from
Africa they crossed the Red Sea they
crossed Arabia they crossed Persia
Afghanistan and then came into India
settled all these places correct they
continued they went to the andamans they
went to Indonesia they went to Australia
and some of that still exist you can see
that DNA in some Andaman tribes some of
the Aboriginal tribes in Australia and
so on okay okay so now India is sparsely
populated by these Hunter gather mirers
okay okay this situation continues for
like 60,000 years okay all right now
around 9,000 8,000 7,000 BC uhuh in the
region which is now Iran okay the
Fertile Crescent huh some of the people
started to kind of figure out a little
bit of cultivation of crops okay they
were not full- flesh Farmers they just
understood some seeds wheat and barley
and wherever they went they would try to
grow it sometimes with success sometimes
with failure fair enough these people
some of them started coming towards
India okay and when they reached the
Indus Valley they settled there okay
okay now the thing is that for a pre
farming Society like this life isn't
easy when you move the reason is that
they didn't understand farming
technology as such they didn't
understand different kinds of seeds Okay
okay okay what happened was that where
they came from the Fertile Crescent
there rain happened in winter so they
had wheat and barley seeds which would
grow very well if you had winter rain
but they moved to indust Valley where
there is rain and Monsoon summer correct
so their seeds didn't grow as well and
they were struggling a little bit makes
sense so what ended up happening is that
they ended up with decent relations with
the hunter gatherers and there was trade
correct when their crops worked well
they would give it to the hunter
gatherers when not they would take stuff
from hunter gatherers and things
happened correct okay after a while they
slowly figured out variants of those
seeds which worked well in this Monsoon
climate agriculture developed
agriculture developed City started
developing they had surplus of food they
could use that for all kinds of things
and over time they developed irri ation
that's how we got the Indus Valley
Civilization Mo Hara everything else oh
are these the Arians that we spoke about
at the beginning no okay but let's first
understand the current situation okay
okay inside India there are the ancient
hunter gatherers right in the Northwest
Indus Valley huh there is this new thing
called the Indus Valley Civilization
which consists of a mixture of
Middle Eastern pre- farmer DNA and
ancient hunter gatherer DNA remember
there was trading and intermixing for
many centuries here correct that's the
current situation yeah okay Arians
haven't arrived yet but before the
Arians arrive huh something important
happens okay what this indust Valley
Civilization reached its peak around
2500 BC okay it flourished for the next
600 years and then suddenly starting
around 1900 it began to decline why we
don't know for sure okay we know that it
wasn't a war it wasn't some sudden
natural disaster okay we believe it was
because Rivers dried up okay okay
because of various geological action huh
there was the gagar hakra river system
here okay which just changed course and
this whole civilization which depended
on the rivers and irrigation of the
rivers couldn't survive anymore and they
started dying out uh-huh some of them of
course started migrating into India okay
is this or could this be the F sarasti
river that disappeared during that time
we are not sure but it could be okay
because around that time there was a
river system and there is evidence that
it disappeared there are some mismatches
there but it could be okay it could be
sarasti the mystery continues yeah but
now what's happening is that these Indus
Valley people are moving into India okay
okay remember that whenever they move to
a new location they struggle initially
because their crops and their systems
are not adapted for that correct and
because of that again they are trading
and intermixing with the locals yeah at
that time again the locals now are still
the ancient hunter gatherers who are
mixing with the Indus Valley people now
okay the IND Indus Valley people being a
mix of the Middle Eastern farmers and
the ancient hunter gatherers from
earlier correct after a while what
begins to happen is that their
agriculture technology starts working
okay and they slowly become more and
more prosperous correct this results in
two things one is that the population
explodes
okay we have done an episode on why
India is the most populous country it is
related exactly to this yeah second
thing is that some of them start
migrating South okay okay and the same
thing repeats whenever they migrate a
little bit there's initial period of
struggle there is some
intermixing then they migrate further so
a gradation gets set up in India from
north to south gradation in terms of the
DNA percentag is mixed so in the north
it is much more Indus valy DNA and very
little ancient hunter gatherers okay in
the South there is more ancient hunter
gatherer and less indust Valley correct
corre if you look in terms of the
original Middle Eastern pre farmer okay
so in the north about 50 to 70% is that
DNA okay and in the South about 30 to
40% is that DNA okay okay this we are
going to call Ani and Asi ancestral
North Indian and ancestral South Indian
okay so these are sort of the ancestors
of North and South India this is the
situation in India from around 1800 BC
to 1,000 BC right okay so this is the
period of the indust valley civilization
declining correct okay around 1600 BC
step herders from Central Asia Eastern
Europe they started moving south okay
near Tajikistan they split one part went
to Iran and became ancient Persians okay
the other part came to India and these
were the Arians oh but we are not going
to use the word Arians because racist
people took that word and they have
completely changed the meaning of the
word Arian yeah so we'll refer to them
as step herders all right okay fair but
these are the guys who came in with a
language which was one of the ancestors
of Sanskrit and they came in with
religion which was one of the ancestors
of the Vic religion okay okay but what
the DNA evidence shows is that these
guys came and they settled and they
intermixed with the local populations
huh which is
thei and Asi okay but in a very
interesting manner the DNA evidence
shows that only the male DNA from Step
herders is there in India today ah
almost all the female DNA is from The
ancestral hunter gatherers not even from
the Middle Eastern preformers that's
very interesting so first of all how do
we know this okay our DNA actually is
two different sets of DNA one is the
regular DNA that you all know about and
that half you get from your mother half
you get from your father right but in
the mitochondria there is mitochondrial
DNA and 100% of it has come from your
mother and she has gotten it from her
mother and she has gotten it from her
mother so you can trace a unbroken line
back through all the mothers so
mitochondria is not just the power of
the cell it is also a record of all your
ancestral DNA of sorts of female
ancestral DNA right okay so what we know
is that the Steppy herders probably came
here without women and they started
intermixing with local women not just
that but looks like like at least some
places they out competed the local men
okay so their percentages increased okay
and just like the indust valley people
some of them slowly moved South but not
a whole lot so again there is a
gradation right in North India maximum
30% DNA is Step harder male DNA in South
India it is as low as 10% there are a
few tribals who have 0% step DNA okay so
at this point North India is mostly
Middle Eastern pre farer DNA with
probably an equal amount of seep farmer
and ancient Hunter gathered DNA mixed in
so 40 30 30 is the breakup percentage
there you go and South India is more of
the Middle Eastern preformer DNA because
at this point through the indis valley
civilization and etc etc they've come in
so it's mostly Middle Eastern pre-former
DNA with uh uh another large part of uh
ancient Hunter gather DNA but only a
small part of the step Herer DNA mixing
in yeah so actually it's 10% step Herer
40% uh Middle Eastern pre farer and 50%
ancestral uh hunter gatherers ah okay
ancestral not ancient sorry but uh then
these are the dravidians that we speak
about just checking yes okay by the way
another thing to keep in mind is that
the amount of DNA varies quite a lot by
cast Okay Okay in North India huh if you
look at the amount of Step Herer DNA
different casts have different amounts
and the maximum is in the brahmins and
the bmars the casts which were
traditionally in charge of Sanskrit and
of the rituals of Puja and all of that
okay and it reduces as you go over to
the other casts it kind of makes sense
when you realize that a lot of your
initial rituals might have forbidden
going out of your tribe and from the
tribe casts were born kind of but it's
very interesting to note that your DNA
percentages are regulated by cast well
that's a tricky question okay okay
because two things H one is that up till
about 100 AD okay so from 1300 BC for
the next 14500
years there was lots of intermixing
going on okay okay the DNA evidence they
have looked at the ancient DNA and they
have also looked at DNA of 70 different
groups of modern Indians and they have
done an analysis and what they found is
that there was lots of intermix across
all casts and jatis and whatever
happening until about 100 AD and then it
just kind of stopped and since 100 AD
until Modern India there is very little
intermixing across casts so DNA from 100
AD of a particular cast will be very
similar to that same cast today because
suddenly you became endogamous that is
marrying within your cast yeah so
another interesting finding
related to our cast from DNA wow so from
100 AD till about 200 ad for about 1900
years we were endogamous we were only
marrying within the cast and only in
recent times this entire intercast
marriage has sort of again allowed us to
mix dnas very interesting we started
about 65,000 years ago and we've just
reached 2008 and probably 2024 so I
think to summarize right Indians are mix
of ancient hunter gatherers from 65,000
years ago from Africa Middle Eastern
farmers who came 6,000 to 4,000 BC
correct and step herders who came around
1800 BC right all Indians are a mix of
all three correct okay there is nobody
who's only step Herer or only Aran or
whatever yeah all the languages are also
a mix what the step herders brought in
mixed with what the north Indians were
doing mixed with what the South Indians
were doing very likely that the ancient
hunter gatherers in South India had an
old language probably Proto Davidian and
the Indus Valley languages mixed with
that to form dravidian
languages and then the step herders came
in with the pre Sanskrit and that mixed
with all of this to form Sanskrit and
then those formed all the modern Indian
languages right wow okay now suddenly
the history of ancient India and India
in modern times uh ties in very
beautifully together but my first
question Still Remains how do we now
know for sure that this is a migration
and not an invasion what part of this
entire Theory or this entire research
disproves The Invasion part we don't see
evidence that should have been there if
it was an invasion okay there are no no
large numbers of massacred victims as
would happen at the end of a war there
is no large scale destruction of
property what we see is more consistent
with a gradual decline over centuries
okay no sudden DNA changes when a
foreign power comes in and takes over
there is a sudden change in DNA but here
everything was very gradual correct and
because generally back in those days uh
any foreign power coming in trying to
invade would basically be committing
genocide be LGE scale deaths and
massacres and entire DNA line lineages
wiped out correct another thing is no
sudden changes in material culture like
the pottery and the implements and the
tools those also changed very gradually
correct and no Sudden Change in
languages right you know otherwise when
muls came in suddenly you're switching
over to Persian right but instead here
there was just a very gradual change in
languages so all of this points to it
being a gradual change and second is if
you look at the DNA evidence the
so-called Arians the step herders
ultimately were only like a small
percent of the DNA correct right so two
things to keep in mind right so that
explains why it's not an invasion this
entire episode just explained why it is
not out of India and the Aran migration
into India rather than invasion of India
makes more
sense a completely new outlook into the
whole theory that we've been learning
half and half since school and lots to
think about lots to take home drop your
thoughts in the comments for sure which
I'm guessing you must be itching to do
by now Shri Kant naven future IQ
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