Merdeka atau Mati: Pertempuran Besar Pertama Bangsa Indonesia
Summary
TLDRThe script narrates the heroic struggle of Surabaya's citizens during the Indonesian National Revolution, focusing on the pivotal role of Bung Tomo, a key figure who rallied the people through radio broadcasts. It depicts the city's resistance against foreign threats, the struggle for independence, and the fierce battles that ensued. The narrative highlights the unity of the people, their determination to defend their sovereignty, and the sacrifices made during the three-week fight against the British forces, marking November 10th as a day of remembrance for the heroes of Surabaya.
Takeaways
- 🏰 The script discusses the historical significance of Surabaya as a city known for its heroic resistance during the struggle for Indonesian independence.
- 🌍 European powers posed a threat to the newly declared independence of Indonesia, causing concern among the people of East Java, including Surabaya.
- 🔥 A significant youth figure, Bung Tomo, is highlighted for his role in the war, including burning enemy barracks and spreading the news of independence.
- 📰 Bung Tomo's journey began as a journalist, evolving into a key figure in disseminating the news of independence in the Javanese language.
- 🗝️ Despite the proclamation of independence, the people of Indonesia did not immediately experience the sweetness of freedom due to ongoing conflict.
- 🚩 There was a moment of national pride mixed with humiliation as foreign flags were raised in Surabaya, prompting a strong resistance among the youth.
- ⚔️ The people of Surabaya were vigilant, fearing a return to colonialism and the potential for old colonizers to lurk behind the arrival of Allied forces.
- 🕊️ The Allied forces claimed to have neutral intentions, but their arrival in Java sparked suspicion and tension, fearing a resurgence of old colonial powers.
- 📢 Bung Tomo used radio broadcasts to rally the morale of the fighters and the general population, emphasizing the importance of defending national sovereignty.
- 🛡️ The people of Surabaya prepared to defend their city against the British forces, which included a diverse group of fighters from students to farmers armed with captured Japanese weapons.
- 💥 The British forces eventually launched a full-scale attack on Surabaya, combining air and land assaults that led to civilian casualties and a fierce resistance.
- 🕋 The battle resulted in significant losses, with an estimated tens of thousands of Indonesian people falling in the three-week struggle, marking a heavy post-World War II conflict acknowledged by the British.
- 📅 November 10th is commemorated as a day to remember the heroes and the role of the people of Surabaya, as well as Bung Tomo's radio broadcasts that inspired the youth to continue the fight for national honor.
Q & A
What is the significance of Surabaya being referred to as 'Kota Pahlawan Tengah'?
-Surabaya is known as 'Kota Pahlawan Tengah' or 'The Central City of Heroes' due to its significant role during the Indonesian National Revolution, where it was the site of intense resistance against Dutch forces.
What role did Bung Tomo play during the Indonesian National Revolution?
-Bung Tomo was an important figure who started as a journalist and later became a broadcaster of independence news in the Javanese language. He also played a key role in boosting the morale of the fighters through his radio broadcasts.
Why was there a sense of urgency and concern in Surabaya after the proclamation of independence?
-The sense of urgency and concern arose because, despite the proclamation of independence, the people of Indonesia did not immediately experience the sweetness of freedom due to the ongoing threats from European forces, particularly the Dutch.
What was the impact of the British forces' arrival on the people of Surabaya?
-The arrival of the British forces, who claimed to have neutral intentions, caused suspicion and fear among the Indonesians. They were concerned that the old colonizers might be lurking behind the British, ready to reclaim their power.
What ultimatum did the British give to Surabaya, and what was the consequence of its rejection?
-The British gave an ultimatum to Surabaya to surrender their weapons within a specified time. If rejected, they threatened to unleash their full military power from land, sea, and air. The rejection led to a fierce battle.
How did the people of Surabaya respond to the British ultimatum?
-The people of Surabaya, including Bung Tomo, decided to continue defending their sovereignty. They prepared for war, with Bung Tomo using his radio broadcasts to rally the people and boost the morale of the fighters.
What was the composition of the Indonesian forces during the Battle of Surabaya?
-The Indonesian forces were a mix of various elements, including soldiers, police, students, struggle bodies, farmers, and traders. They were armed with weapons captured from the Japanese forces.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Surabaya?
-The Battle of Surabaya resulted in heavy casualties, with an estimated tens of thousands of Indonesian people killed over the three-week conflict. Despite the heavy losses, the Indonesian forces managed to repel the British forces.
How did the British forces' attack on Surabaya begin?
-The British forces initiated their attack with a bombardment of Surabaya, followed by air and land assaults, which resulted in civilian casualties and the occupation of key locations.
What is the significance of November 10th in the context of the Battle of Surabaya?
-November 10th is commemorated as the day to remember the heroes of the Battle of Surabaya, marking the heavy post-World War II conflict and the resilience of the Indonesian people.
What was the broader context of the Battle of Surabaya in relation to other conflicts?
-The Battle of Surabaya was part of a broader struggle for Indonesian independence amidst a global context of shifting powers and the beginning of new conflicts in the West.
Outlines
😀 The Emergence of a Heroic City
This paragraph tells the story of the city of Surabaya during the struggle for Indonesian independence. It describes the arrival of European powers bringing threats, the role of a young journalist named Bung Tomo who later becomes a key figure in the fight for freedom, and the initial moments of independence that were quickly marred by the presence of foreign flags. The people of Surabaya, feeling humiliated by the foreign presence, were vigilant and prepared to resist any attempts at re-colonization. The narrative also touches on the arrival of Allied forces, which, despite claiming neutrality, raised suspicions and fears of a return to colonialism. The paragraph culminates with the ultimatum given by the English to Surabaya, leading to a decision to continue defending the nation's sovereignty, setting the stage for a significant battle.
😢 The Battle of Surabaya and Its Aftermath
The second paragraph details the Battle of Surabaya, a fierce conflict that ensued when the Allied forces, particularly the British, launched a bombardment and land attack on the city. The assault resulted in many civilian casualties, painting a grim picture of the war's impact on innocent lives. Despite the initial success of the Allied forces in taking over key locations, the people of Surabaya, through their perseverance and resistance, continued to fight. The battle is noted as one of the heaviest post-World War II conflicts, with an estimated tens of thousands of Indonesian casualties. The narrative also highlights the role of Bung Tomo, who used radio broadcasts to inspire the youth to stand united and continue the fight for national honor, even as other battles loomed on the horizon. The paragraph concludes with a tribute to the heroes of Surabaya and a call for remembrance, symbolized by the date November 10th.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Kota Pahlawan Tengah
💡Pemuda
💡Bung Tomo
💡Kedaulatan Bangsa
💡Pasukan Sekutu
💡Pertempuran
💡Pamflet
💡Merdeka atau Mati
💡Warga Sipil
💡Perjuangan
💡Pahlawan
Highlights
The historical context of East Java's Surabaya being known as the 'City of Central Heroes' due to European threats during the war.
The significant role of young people in the war, including the burning of enemy barracks.
Bung Tomo's journey from journalist to a key figure in spreading news of independence in the Javanese language.
The mixed reactions to the news of independence, with a brief moment of joy followed by the raising of a foreign flag in Surabaya.
The awakening of the people of Surabaya to the threat of re-colonization and their vigilance against the returning colonizers.
The arrival of Allied forces in Java with a claimed neutral purpose, causing suspicion and fear of old colonizers.
The tension and conflicts that led to the British leadership issuing an ultimatum to Surabaya.
Surabaya's decision to continue defending national sovereignty despite the threat of a full-scale attack.
The rallying of the people of Surabaya, including Bung Tomo, in preparation for war.
Bung Tomo's radio broadcasts to boost the morale of the fighters and the general public.
The call to arms for the people of Surabaya to resist the British forces and their pamphlet threats.
The diverse composition of the Indonesian forces, including soldiers, police, students, and civilians.
The use of Japanese-capture weapons by the Indonesian forces against the fully-armed British soldiers.
The arrival of the Allied attack on Surabaya, including air and land bombardments causing civilian casualties.
The ongoing resistance of the people of Surabaya despite the heavy losses and the eventual fall of the city.
The recognition by the British forces of the Surabaya battle as the heaviest post-World War II conflict.
The commemoration of the heroes and the role of Bung Tomo's radio broadcasts in inspiring the youth to continue the fight for national honor.
The call for continued vigilance and defense against potential future threats to national dignity.
Transcripts
hai hai
[Musik]
Ayo menurutmu
[Musik]
di timur Jawa kota yang kelak dikenal
sebagai Kota Pahlawan Tengah dilanda
kecemasan
Ya karena balatentara dari Eropa yang
datang membawa ancaman
disaat Itulah salah satu Pemuda penting
di jalannya Perang ini hadir untuk ikut
membakar bar perlawanan
nyentuh sebelum Bung Tomo berada di sini
perjalanannya bermula sebagai jurnalis
dari menjadi penulis lepas bekerja untuk
kantor berita sampai mendapatkan
kesempatan membawakan kabar kemerdekaan
dalam bahasa Jawa
Hai Namun sayang berita kemerdekaan
belum jadi akhir manis bagi rakyat
Indonesia
Hai sesaat setelah proklamasi dibacakan
Indonesia lagi semangat semangatnya
nyebarin Sang Saka
Hai namun di suatu Hotel bendera
bercorak lain malah berkibar di langit
Surabaya Lihatlah
Hai pemuda yang baru ngerasain bebasnya
kemerdekaan merasa terhina dan ngelawan
sampai bendera sang lawan berhasil di
Langkat
Hai peristiwa itu bikin rakyat Surabaya
menjadi waspada
Hai karena mereka tahu sang mendatang
bisa saja kembali untuk menjajah
disisi lain pasukan sekutu datang ke
tanah Jawa katanya Mereka datang dengan
tujuan yang netral Tapi tentu kedatangan
mereka bikin pihak Indonesia curiga
takut ada sang penjajah lama membonceng
di belakang
Hai benar saja terjadilah berbagai
gesekan dan ketegangan lalu pakai
puncaknya sang pimpinan lawan sampai
meregang nyawa
Inggris pun murka dan memberikan sebuah
ultimatum kepada Surabaya
Kalau ditolak mereka akan melepaskan
seluruh kekuatan dari laut darat hingga
udara
Surabaya sempat bimbang ingin
menghindari pertumpahan darah ini teman
keputusan akhirnya tercipta
kedaulatan bangsa akan terus
dipertahankan
ketika perang sudah didepan mata rakyat
rakyat Surabaya mulai berkumpul dan
bersiap termasuk sang tokoh perjuangan
Bung Tomo
Hai melalui siaran radio bentukannya
Bung Tomo turut membangkitkan moral
pejuang Melalui pidato fenomenal
Hai Mumun saudara-saudara
Hai rakyat jelata
di seluruh Indonesia
Hai terutama saudara-saudara penduduk
kota Surabaya kita
Ayo kita semuanya telah mengetahui bahwa
hari ini
Hai tentara Inggris
telah menyebarkan pamflet-pamflet yang
memberikan suatu ancaman kepada kita
semua
kita diwajibkan untuk
dalam waktu yang mereka Tentukan
menyerahkan
senjata-senjata yang telah kita rebut
dari tangannya tentara Jepang
saudara-saudara rakyat Surabaya siaplah
keadaan Genting tetapi saya peringatkan
sekali lagi jangan mulai menembak baru
kalau kita
[Musik]
[Musik]
merdeka atau mati dan
Hai hari pertempuran pun datang para
penduduk Surabaya memegang senjata di
tangan pemuda yang telah
bergotong-royong semalaman plus siap
menghalau lawak
Hai saat itu pasukan Indonesia terdiri
dari banyak elemen tentara polisi
pelajar badan-badan perjuangan hingga
petani dan pedagang dengan berbekal
jumlah dan senjata rampasan Jepang
mereka nyoba pertahanin kuota dari
serangan Serdadu bersenjata lengkap yang
baru aja menangin perang dunia
Hai
serangan sekutu akhirnya tiba
Inggris memborbardir Surabaya Maulid
serangan udara dan darat
tak butuh waktu lama korban korban mulai
berjatuhan
banyak diantaranya adalah warga sipil
tak berdosa dari hari kehari perang
berjalan alot dari pintu ke pintu
sampai pada pekan pertama pihak lawan
berhasil menguasai beberapa lokasi
penting namun berkat perjuangan rakyat
Surabaya
perlawanan tetap berlangsung
Hai namun pada akhirnya perang beras
diperkirakan sebanyak belasan ribu
rakyat Indonesia gugur dari tiga minggu
peperangan
Hai walaupun pasukan Indonesia berhasil
dipukul mundur kelak para Serdadu
Inggris mengakui bahwa perang di
Surabaya ini menjadi yang terberat pasca
perang dunia
21 ini 10 November jadi hari kita
mengenang pahlawan tentu ini Enggak
lepas dari peran para warga Surabaya
melalui siaran radionya Bung Tomo juga
turut menyemangati para pemuda untuk
terus bahu-membahu
karena jauh ke barat perang lain baru
akan mulai rakyat masih harus
mempertahankan kehormatan bangsa melawan
sekutu the bahkan mengubah satu kotak
menjadi lautan api Mari
[Musik]
Hai
Terima kasih sudah nonton Kok bisa punya
pertanyaan lagi tulis aja di kolom
komentar di bawah gives king and stay
curious
[Musik]
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