HARTAIXX2016-V012000
Summary
TLDRThe video script delves into the architectural philosophy of Le Corbusier, highlighting the Villa Savoye as a paradigm of functional stratification and the architectural promenade. It discusses the villa's innovative design, which integrates interior and exterior spaces, and the use of ramps and stairs to create a dynamic experience of movement and vision. The script also touches on the villa's connection to the industrial world and its role as a 'machine for living,' embodying a new reality that extends beyond the immediate environment.
Takeaways
- 🏠 The script discusses the evolution of architectural design, focusing on the works of Le Corbusier, particularly the Villa Savoye, as an example of new architecture principles.
- 🌟 The concept of 'architectural promenade' is introduced, emphasizing the journey through space and the visual experience of a building, which is a key element in Le Corbusier's designs.
- 🛋️ The Villa Savoye is highlighted for its functional stratification, with a clear separation between the controlled interior spaces and the free, available exterior spaces for collective use.
- 🚗 The script mentions the integration of modern objects like automobiles into the architectural design, showing how the building interacts with its surroundings and the industrial world.
- 🛋️🌳 The house is described as a 'machine for living,' creating a world that not only serves current needs but also anticipates a future reality.
- 🏡 The Villa Savoye is noted for its innovative use of space, with a ramp serving as a central element that connects different parts of the house and facilitates a dynamic visual experience.
- 🪟 Large windows and terraces in the Villa Savoye are designed to blur the lines between interior and exterior spaces, creating a sense of continuity and transparency.
- 🎨 The architectural design is compared to an assemblage of objects, where elements like sinks, lamps, and ramps come together to create a unique and functional living environment.
- 🌆 The script touches on the idea of the house as a total object, where the architectural solutions emphasize the relationship between people and their new living conditions.
- 📈 The ramp in the Villa Savoye is described as an 'armature' that controls the rotation and framing of views within the house, offering a variety of visual experiences.
- 🏞️ The final pause in the architectural promenade is at an aperture that frames a view of the natural landscape, symbolizing a connection to the eternal goods of earth and sky.
Q & A
What is the architectural promenade as described by Le Corbusier?
-The architectural promenade is a principle given a name by Le Corbusier, which refers to an itinerary of movement, rotation, and frontality through a building, offering a spectacle to the eye and developing a play of light and shadow.
How does the Villa Savoye exemplify the concept of the architectural promenade?
-The Villa Savoye exemplifies the architectural promenade through its design, where a ramp serves as a vertical space cutting through horizontal slabs, creating a path that unites different parts of the house and frames moments of pause and vision.
What is the significance of the ramp in the Villa Savoye's design?
-The ramp in Villa Savoye is significant as it serves as the primary device controlling the architectural promenade, connecting different parts of the house, and setting up interactions with both the interior and exterior spaces.
How does the Villa Savoye's design reflect functional stratification?
-The Villa Savoye's design reflects functional stratification by freeing the ground plane for movement, transportation, recreation, and vegetation, while the house above is completely ordered and controlled, creating a harmonious balance between the two.
What is the relationship between the automobile and the Villa Savoye's site?
-The automobile interacts spatially and functionally with the Villa Savoye, as the entry hall's industrialized glass volume is determined by the automobile's turning radius, and the car moves under the building through the plot.
What is the significance of the juxtaposition of the sink and the ramp in the entry hall of Villa Savoye?
-The juxtaposition of the sink and the ramp in the entry hall of Villa Savoye creates a metonymic relationship, connecting the house to the industrial world and evoking a sense of cleansing before entering a sacred space, similar to religious buildings.
How does the Villa Savoye's design address the relationship between people and new conditions?
-The Villa Savoye's design addresses the relationship between people and new conditions through its functional minimalism and architectural solutions that show a real concern for how people interact with the space, such as the combination of the sink and ramp.
What is the role of the terrace in the Villa Savoye's architectural promenade?
-The terrace in Villa Savoye plays a role in the architectural promenade by interacting in a very horizontal and transparent way with the living space, blurring the distinction between interior and exterior spaces and extending the domain of the house.
How does the Villa Savoye's design reflect the idea of a 'machine for living'?
-The Villa Savoye's design reflects the idea of a 'machine for living' by constructing a world that diagrams potentials for occupation, connecting with conditions outside the house, and creating a new type of reality that will find its ultimate fulfillment in the future.
What is the contrast between the Villa LaRoche and Villa Savoye in terms of design approach?
-The contrast between the Villa LaRoche and Villa Savoye lies in their design approach; Villa LaRoche is described as somewhat facile and picturesque, while Villa Savoye represents a more difficult design that leads to spiritual satisfaction and a synthesis of the genre.
How does the Villa Savoye's ramp interact with the house's vertical walls and apertures?
-The ramp in Villa Savoye interacts with the house's vertical walls and apertures by framing moments of vision in a more variable way, controlling the rotation of space and establishing connections with different parts of the house.
Outlines
🏡 Architectural Promenade and Functional Stratification
The first paragraph discusses the concept of 'architectural promenade' introduced by Le Corbusier, exemplified by the Villa Savoye. It describes the journey through the building as an itinerary of movement and rotation, highlighting the interplay of light and shadow, and the integration of interior and exterior spaces. The Villa Savoye is portrayed as a total object, a pure composition that reasserts architectural unity. The paragraph also touches on the functional minimalism of the interior, comparing it to modern transportation spaces, and the architectural solutions that connect the house to the automobile, emphasizing the interaction between the house and its surroundings.
🌿 The Ramp as an Armature for Architectural Experience
This paragraph delves into the role of the ramp in Le Corbusier's architectural design, particularly in the Villa Savoye. The ramp is described as a device for movement, rotation, and frontality, offering a vertical slice of space that unites the horizontal slabs of the building. It serves as a path that allows for a variety of visual experiences, connecting different parts of the house and extending the domain of the house into the industrial world. The paragraph also explores the juxtaposition of the ramp with other elements, such as the stair, and how these elements create a promenade that leads to moments of pause and reflection, ultimately framing the natural landscape.
🏗️ The Machine for Living and the Evolution of Architectural Composition
The final paragraph reflects on Le Corbusier's evolution as an architect, focusing on his concept of the 'machine for living.' It discusses how the house is a diagram that constructs a world, not just an immediate one but also one that is yet to come, suggesting a new type of reality. The paragraph contrasts different compositions from Le Corbusier's work, from the picturesque Villa LaRoche to the more challenging Villa Garsh, culminating in the spiritual satisfaction found in the Villa Savoye. It concludes by highlighting the synthesis of the 'machine for living' as a new paradigm for architectural design in the modern world.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Architectural Promenade
💡Villa Savoye
💡Functional Stratification
💡Domino System
💡Piano Nobile
💡Industrialized Glass
💡Ramp
💡Machine for Living
💡Spatial Articulation
💡Curtain Wall
💡Epic
Highlights
The concept of 'architectural promenade' introduced by Le Corbusier, emphasizing the journey through a building's space.
The Villa Savoye's design as a total object, representing the will of the architect and the functional stratification of the section.
The innovative use of space at Villa LaRoche, where interior articulations relate to an exterior that is still plastic and variable.
The architectural solutions at Villa Savoye, such as the ribbon window and enclosed terrace, that reinforce the total object concept.
The juxtaposition of functional minimalism in the interior of Villa Savoye, reminiscent of transportation vehicles, with architectural solutions.
The interaction of the automobile with the Villa Savoye's site, introducing a new paradigm of object interaction within architecture.
The entry hall's design at Villa Savoye, where the industrialized glass and the turning radius of the automobile define the space.
The unique assemblage of objects in the entry hall, including the juxtaposition of a sink, industrial lamp, and table, creating a new domestic interaction.
The architectural promenade's beginning at the entry, symbolized by the convergence of the sink and ramp, and its significance.
The ramp's role in Villa Savoye as a vertical space that cuts through horizontal slabs, creating a unique spatial connection.
The interaction between the ramp and stair in Villa Savoye, offering different vertical circulation experiences.
The seamless transition between the living space and terrace in Villa Savoye, demonstrating the transparency of space.
The exterior ramp's function in Villa Savoye, connecting the interior with the terrace and offering views of the landscape.
The final pause at the top of the ramp in Villa Savoye, where the landscape is framed by a curvilinear aperture.
The ramp's role in controlling rotation and framing moments within Villa Savoye, enhancing the architectural experience.
Le Corbusier's reflection on his compositions, contrasting the Villa LaRoche's picturesque style with the spiritual satisfaction of Villa Savoye.
The concept of the 'machine for living' as a new reality, constructing a world that extends beyond the immediate into the future.
Transcripts
one can almost
that the choreograph
through space punctuated by moments of
pause this itinerary of rotation and
frontality that we've been discussing
itself constitutes another point of the
new architecture
lucubra CA will later give this
principle a name he calls it the
architectural promenade you enter the
architectural spectacle at once offers
itself to the eye you follow an
itinerary and the perspectives developed
with great variety developing a play of
light on the walls or making pools of
shadow large windows open up views of
the exterior where the architectural
unity is reasserted here reborn for our
modern eye or historic architectural
discoveries the peel ot the long windows
the roof garden the glass facade lucubra
she is describing the Villa Savoye at
Passy while at the Villa LaRoche the
spatial articulations of the interior
were conceived in relation to an
exterior that was still itself plastic
and still could move around and be
varied now at the Villa Savoye
the villa has become a total object
through which the will of the epic could
be affirmed the signs of purest
composition that we saw in the prospects
of frontality at laroche and through the
kind of energetic swirling at gosh
here take on a more material consistency
at the same time the prismatic envelope
of garsh is reasserted to contain the
equally variability of surfaces at
laroche the architectural solutions of
this elementary ribbon window of the
enclosed terrace become a kind of
insistence of this total object and at
the same time while we have this kind of
functional minimalism of the interior
almost like railway sleeping cars like
ship cabins like airplane cockpit
at the same time there is an
architectural solution that shows it's
real concern to be the relation of
people to these new conditions the Villa
Savoye is the epitome of the functional
stratification of the section of raising
the pl o-- T freeing the ground plane
for movement for transportation for
recreation for vegetation the house
above is completely ordered and
controlled while the earth below is free
and available for collective occupation
for collective use and now for the first
time at the Villa Savoye is a coupling
of object of which the Villa Savoye is
only one for example the automobile
itself a paradigm of the object EEP now
comes into the site and moves under the
building through the plot2 interact
spatially and functionally with the
house itself at the lower level that the
interest level the curved surface of the
industrialized glass which defines the
volume of the entry hall is itself
determined by the curving radius the
turning radius of the automobile here to
object types come together and interact
as you penetrate that glass wall and
enter the entry hall you see first on
the one side a ramp that leads you up to
the piano nobile a up to the main floor
adjacent to the ramp is a sink assemble
together with one of the peel OT a very
large industrial ramp and a table
attached to the peel OT there's a kind
of assemblage of obviate teep that the
sink itself is a mass-produced highly
refined functional vessel for cleansing
that stands as almost like it's one of
the object tip of his purest paintings
and the sink is juxtaposed like in an
assemblage with this industrial lamp
which it first seems out of scale it
doesn't seem domestic at first
kind of gets domesticated in its
assemblage by its interaction with the
small table with the pillow tea and with
the sink but the combination of sink and
ramp as unusual as that is it's not just
to industrial types coming together the
place that you find the combination of
sink and ramp is that the entry to
religious building like a mosque or a
synagogue or a church where you first
cleanse yourself and then enter slowly
and ass into a sacred space the
juxtaposition of these various object
types creates a kind of metonymic
relationship or an assemblage that makes
connectivities that extend the domain of
the house itself out into the industrial
world
the architectural promenade begins at
the moment of stasis where the sink and
the ramp have come together at the entry
remember the name architectural
promenade is the name lucubra CA gave to
this itinerary of movement rotation and
frontality through a building in the
case of the Savoy the ramp becomes the
instrument of that architectural
promenade and it operates in two ways
first of all it operates as a path or as
a space a vertical space that cuts
through the horizontal slabs in the
domino system the horizontal slabs are
determinate and you move through those
through a stairway or other circulations
but the ramp cuts through those
horizontal slabs and establishes a
vertical slice of space that unites the
slabs in a different way than the stair
now it is the case that even at the
Villa Savoye there's also a stair that
provides a parallel but different kind
of vertical circulation through the
horizontal slabs and that combination of
ramp and stair they're actually very
very close to one another and they
connect with each other as you move
through that's also an important
apparatus of the architectural promenade
so as you get on the ramp and
go through and then turn around and come
back still inside the house but at the
top of the second part of the ramp you
reach a moment where the stair has also
come up and made a landing so the ramp
and the stair connect at that point at
that landing you have a choice either
you go into the main living space of the
house or you move through the glass
curtain wall outside into a very large
Terrace that living space and the
terrace interact in a very horace and
transparent way there's almost no
distinction between the space of the
living room and the space of the terrace
and indeed in good weather that you
could slide the glass doors open and who
would become the same space the ramp in
moves from an interior ramp into an
exterior ramp that looks out onto the
terrace it again loops back on itself
one more time and you get to the top of
the ramp which is at the highest point
of a second roof terrace where Luca
Boucher put a warped kind of curvilinear
surface punctured by a single aperture
that frames a view out into the distant
fields and woods beyond so you've moved
through an environment of industrialized
glass of industrialized lamps of
automobiles into a more refined space
but still a kind of minimalist space of
white walls out onto a terrace and then
moving up into an area that you get
glimpses now of the natural landscape
and then finally to the final moment of
pause at this aperture where the
landscape opens up
in Villa La Roche and Villa garsh there
is this itinerary of rotation and
frontality there the rotation is
initiated by the surfaces of the walls
themselves by balconies punching through
the walls by apertures in the walls by a
curvilinear surface that comes in
confronts us and makes a kind of
pressure on the space so the walls
surfaces control that or apply that
rotation in the Villa Savoye the ramp
becomes the armature that more
immediately and strictly controls that
rotation but it still opens up
variability now it's not just the
variability of the walking through the
space but it's a variability of vision
that is constantly framed by the
interaction of the ramp as an armature
with the vertical walls and apertures as
framing devices and as you move through
the house moments not so much strictly
frontal but now framed in a more
variable way moments are framed and
pauses are caused because of the ramp
itself and its interaction with other
parts of the house the ramp is the
primary device that luke Corbusier uses
to connect different parts of the house
setting up these interactions with
different parts of the house the ramp
diagrams potentials for occupation but
the ramp is also a device for connecting
with conditions outside the house what
kaboosh EA would consider the eternal
goods like access to the earth access to
the sky open air - for physical health
all these are made possible by what he
called a machine for living a machine
this this object type the house itself
that diagrams potentials for occupation
the diagram which is the house
constructs a world but it's not a world
just an immediate world it also is a
world
yet to come the machine for living
constructs a real world that is yet to
come a new type of reality a reality
that will find its ultimate fulfillment
in a future in 1930 the Courvoisier
pondered over the houses he had built
over the previous decade and he singled
out what he called compositions which
are the sort of different ways that the
houses had responded to the initial
domino diagram he contrasted what he
called the somewhat facile picturesque
and hectic genre of the villa LaRoche to
the very difficult design of the prism
of garsh which then led he said to the
spiritual satisfaction which came at
Villa Savoye
the very easy practical combined about
type which was the synthesis of the
genre that had begun with the Domino it
was the machine for living in the new
world
you
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