Tausyiah Ramadhan S3 Episode 1 | Kategori Orang yang Diperbolehkan Qada Puasa dan Membayar Fidyah

Summary

In this podcast episode, the discussion revolves around the rules of fasting during Ramadan, particularly addressing the conditions for qada (making up missed fasts) and fidyah (compensation). The speakers cover the categories of people who can make up missed fasts, such as travelers and the sick, detailing the circumstances under which they are exempted or required to fast again. They also explore the concept of fidyah, which applies to elderly individuals and those with irreversible illnesses. The session concludes with practical insights on the obligations of fasting and compensation during Ramadan, offering valuable guidance for listeners.

Takeaways

• 😀 People who are traveling a distance of around 89 km or more (musafir) are allowed to break their fast and must make up for the missed fast later (qada).
• 😀 Sick individuals (al-marid) who are too ill to fast can skip fasting during Ramadan and must later make up the fast (qada).
• 😀 Elderly individuals who are too weak or sick to fast (al-sheikh al-harim) do not need to fast, and instead, they pay fidyah (compensation).
• 😀 People suffering from chronic or severe illness that cannot be cured (al-marid alladzi la yurja buruhu) are required to pay fidyah instead of fasting.
• 😀 Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding and fear for their own health or the health of their child are allowed to break their fast and either make it up later or pay fidyah.
• 😀 If someone who had missed fasts passes away before making them up, their family is not required to perform qada for them unless they were already able to make up the fasts.
• 😀 Hard laborers (such as construction workers or farmers) are expected to fast but may break their fast if their physical work makes it too difficult or harmful for them to continue, with the requirement to make up the fast (qada) later.
• 😀 If a sick person is unable to fast due to a severe condition like stroke, they are allowed to break the fast and pay fidyah.
• 😀 For light sickness, such as mild headaches or a cold, fasting is not prohibited, and it is better to continue fasting if possible.
• 😀 Fidyah for the elderly or severely ill is typically the equivalent of 600 grams of food per day missed, and it is preferable to include food along with the meal (like rice with side dishes).

Q & A

What is qada puasa and who is required to perform it?

Qada puasa refers to making up missed fasts during Ramadan. People who are required to perform qada puasa include those who miss fasting due to travel (musafir) or illness (almarid). They must make up for the missed fasts once they are able.

Who is classified as a musafir, and what are the rules for them regarding fasting?

A musafir is a person who is traveling a distance of 89 km or more. A musafir is exempt from fasting during the journey but must make up the missed fast (qada) later when they are no longer traveling.

How is illness classified in the context of fasting during Ramadan?

Illness is classified in two ways for fasting during Ramadan. If the illness is severe (e.g., stroke or fever), the person is exempt from fasting and must make up the fast later. If the illness is mild (e.g., a slight headache or common cold), fasting is not forbidden but it is discouraged (makruh).

What is fidyah and when is it required?

Fidyah is a compensation for missed fasts. It is required for individuals who are either elderly and unable to fast or for those with chronic illnesses from which they are unlikely to recover. Fidyah typically involves feeding 60 needy people for each missed fast.

What should a person do if they are elderly and cannot fast during Ramadan?

Elderly individuals who cannot fast due to frailty or age should pay fidyah instead of fasting. The fidyah involves providing food to 60 needy individuals per missed day of fasting.

If a person dies before making up their missed fasts, what should their family do?

If a person dies before making up their missed fasts, their family is not required to fast on their behalf if the person was unable to make up the fast due to illness. However, if the person was able to make up the fast but did not, their family may fast on their behalf as a recommended (sunah) action, but it is not obligatory.

What are the fasting requirements for pregnant or breastfeeding women?

Pregnant or breastfeeding women who fear harm to themselves or their child are allowed to skip fasting. They must make up the missed fasts later. If they only fear for the health of their child, they must both make up the fast and pay fidyah.

Can a person with a physically demanding job skip fasting if they cannot tolerate it?

People with physically demanding jobs, such as construction workers or farmers, are required to fast unless they fear that fasting will harm them. If they feel they cannot handle fasting due to their physical labor, they can break their fast but must make up for the missed fasts later, without needing to pay fidyah unless they are permanently unable to fast.

What is the key difference between qada and fidyah?

Qada refers to making up for a missed fast when a person is able to do so, whereas fidyah is compensation for missed fasts that cannot be made up, such as in cases of chronic illness or extreme old age. Fidyah involves feeding the poor rather than fasting.

Is there a situation where someone who missed fasting is exempt from both qada and fidyah?

Yes, individuals who are unable to fast due to severe, long-term illness or old age are exempt from both qada and fidyah. They do not have to make up for the fast nor pay fidyah, as they are considered permanently unable to fulfill the fasting obligation.